The document discusses new features introduced in Java 7 including: 1) The addition of null-safe and exception-chaining operators to safely handle null values and exceptions. 2) Automatic resource management using try-with-resources to ensure open resources are closed. 3) Inference of generic types for collections to simplify declarations. 4) Allowing strings in switch statements. 5) Underscores in numeric literals for improved readability.

1. Language New Features – Project Coin – JSR 334

2. Earlier public String getPostalCode(Person person) { if (person != null) { Address address = person.getAddress(); if (address != null) { return address.getPostalCode(); } } return null; } Now public String getPostalCode(Person person) { return person ? .getAddress() ? . getPostalCode() ; } Use Null-safe operator ‘?.’ in Java 7.

3. Earlier public void process() { try { } catch (Exception one) { // do something } catch (Exception two) { // do something else } catch (Exception three) { // do something } } Now public void process() { try { } catch ( Exception one | Exception three ) { // do something } catch (Exception two) { // do something else } } If in two exception blocks you’re doing same thing you can use ‘|’ operator to join them in java 7.

4. Earlier public void writeContent(String fileName, String content) throws YourException { FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null; DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = null; try { fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream (fileName); dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream (fileOutputStream ); dataOutputStream .writeUTF(content); } catch (IOException ioException) { throw new YourException(ioException.getMessage(), ioException); } finally { try { if (fileOutputStream != null) { fileOutputStream .close(); } if (dataOutputStream != null) { dataOutputStream .close(); } } catch (IOException ioException) { //Log the exception } } }

5. Now public void writeContent(String fileName, String content) throws YourException { FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null; DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = null; try ( fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream (fileName); dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream (fileOutputStream ); ) { dataOutputStream .writeUTF(content); } catch (IOException ioException) { throw new YourException(ioException.getMessage(), ioException); } } Look at the content written in brackets after try. All of the open resources are automatically managed. So, no open connections, resultset, file issues  .

6. Earlier Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>(); Now Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap <> (); No need to repeat <String, Integer> again.

7. Collections can be used as Arrays e.g. List <String> itemList = [“item1”,”item2”]; String item = itemList[0]; Map<String, Integer> map = [“item1”:1,”item2”:2]

8. You can use switch case for Strings as well. Remember: It will use equals() method for comparison and not equalIgnoreCase() method.

9. Though not of much use for most of the developers, but still good to mention. 4 key rules to be used with Numeric literals for using underscore: Underscores can't go at the beginning or the end of a number. You can't use an underscore on either side of a decimal. The underscore cannot go before an identifying suffix such as F, D or L You can't put an underscore before or after the binary or hexadecimal identifiers b and x.

10. Valid Examples double var1 = 1_23.456D; float var2 = 123.45_6F; long var3 = 1010_0101_1010L; int hexed = 0xBASE_01; Invalid Examples double var1 = 123_.456D; float var2 = 123.456_F; long var3 = 1010_0101_1010_L; int hexed = 0_x_BASE_01;

11. vm Compressed 64-bit object pointers Garbage-First GC (G1) JSR 292: VM support for non-Java languages (InvokeDynamic) Strict class file checking lang – Project Coin JSR 334 already covered

12. core Upgraded class-loaded architecture Method to close a URLClassLoader Concurrency and Collections updates i18n Unicode 6.0 Locale enhancemements Separate user locale and user-interface locale

13. ionet JSR 203: More new I/O APIs for the Java platform (NIO.2)NIO.2 file system provider for zip/jar archives Other platform oriented changes such as SCTP and SDP. Sec Elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) Jdbc 4.1

14. client XRender pipeline for Java 2D Create new platform APIs for 6u10 graphics features Nimbus look-and-feel for Swing Swing JLayer component Gervill sound synthesizer web Update the XML stack mgmt Enhanced Mbeans Refer to http://openjdk.java.net/projects/jdk7/features/ for details