This document discusses inheritance in Java programming. It defines inheritance as a mechanism where a subclass acquires the properties and behaviors of a superclass. It describes the key types of inheritance in Java including single, multilevel, and hierarchical inheritance. It also outlines some advantages, such as code reusability and reliability, and disadvantages, such as increased coupling between classes.

1. INHERITANCE
IN ARNAB BHAUMIK
ECE, 3RD YEAR
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO. :
23900315009
GUIDED BY :
SANKHAMITRA ROY

2. • WHY PROGRAMMING?
• WHY JAVA?
• CLASSES AND OBJECTS
• INTRODUCTION TO INHERITANCE
TYPES OF INHERITANCE
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
CONTENTS

3. WHY PROGRAMMING?
• Programming is the term that refers to teaching, instructing or giving commands to the computer.

4. WHY JAVA?
• Simple
• Object-Oriented
• Platform Independent
• Secure
• Robust
• Multithreaded

5. CLASSES AND OBJECTS
• A class is a blueprint from which individual objects are created.
colour
name

6. INTRODUCTION TO INHERITANCE
• Inheritance in java is a mechanism in which one class acquires all the properties and behaviours of
another class.
• Sub Class : The class that inherits properties and behaviours from another class is called Sub class or
Derived Class.
• Super Class : The class whose properties and behaviours are inherited by sub class is called Base
Class or Super class.
• Syntax of Java Inheritance
class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name
{
//methods and fields
}

7. INTRODUCTION TO INHERITANCE
• Why and when to use inheritance?

8. TYPES OF INHERITANCE
• On the basis of class, there can be mainly three types of inheritance in java:
1. Single
2. Multilevel
3. Hierarchical

9. SINGLE INHERITANCE
Class A
Class B

10. SINGLE INHERITANCE
PROGRAM
class Animal {
void eat() {
System.out.println("eating...");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
System.out.println("barking...");
}
}
class TestInheritance {
public static void main(String args[ ]) {
Dog d=new Dog();
d.bark();
d.eat();
}
}
OUTPUT
barking...
eating...

11. MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE
Class A
Class B
Class C

12. MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE
PROGRAM
class Animal {
void eat() {
System.out.println("eating...");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
System.out.println("barking...");
}
}
class BabyDog extends Dog {
void weep() {
System.out.println("weeping...");
}
}
class TestInheritance2 {
public static void main(String args[ ]) {
BabyDog d=new BabyDog();
d.weep();
d.bark();
d.eat();
}
}
OUTPUT
weeping...
barking...
eating...

13. HIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE
Class A
Class B Class C

14. HIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE
PROGRAM
class Animal {
void eat() {
System.out.println("eating...");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
System.out.println("barking...");
}
}
class Cat extends Animal {
void meow() {
System.out.println("meowing...");
}
}
class TestInheritance3 {
public static void main(String args[ ]) {
Cat c=new Cat();
Dog d=new Dog();
c.meow();
c.eat();
d.bark();
d.eat();
}
}
OUTPUT
meowing...
eating...
barking…
eating…

15. MULTIPLE AND HYBRID INHERITANCE
Class A Class B
Class C
Class B Class C
Class D
Class A

16. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 ADVANTAGES
• Inheritance promotes reusability. When a class inherits or derives another class, it can access all the functionality of
inherited class.
• Reusability enhanced reliability. The base class code will be already tested and debugged.
• As the existing code is reused, it leads to less development and maintenance costs.
 DISADVANTAGES
• Inherited functions work slower than normal function as there is indirection.
• Improper use of inheritance may lead to wrong solutions.
• Often, data members in the base class are left unused which may lead to memory wastage.
• Inheritance increases the coupling between base class and derived class. A change in base class will affect all the
child classes.

17. References:
• “The Complete Reference Java” by Herbert Schildt.
• “Java Programming Black Book” by Kogent Learning solution.