Download to read offline
Uploaded byManuel Blechschmidt
Information Technology for Development Countries
This document discusses information and communication technologies for development in Africa. It begins with an agenda that outlines comparing Europe and Africa, problems in Africa like education and power supply, and famous development projects like One Laptop Per Child and mobile money. It then goes into more details on these topics, providing statistics on population, literacy rates, power access between continents. It discusses the potential of projects like low-cost laptops and mobile banking to help address challenges in Africa. Overall it analyzes technologies that could help boost education, connectivity, and financing on the developing continent.
Information Technology for Development Countries
- 1. Information and Communication Technologyfor Development OSM Research Seminar Manuel Blechschmidt
- 2. Agenda 2 ■ Goal of this presentation ■ Comparsion Europe – Africa ■ Problems □ Education □ Power supply □ GSM Networks □ Financing ■ Famous projects □ One laptop per child □ Mobile money □ Grameen Bank ■ Conclusion
- 3. Goal of thispresentation 3 ■ Giving some insides about development countries ■ What do you have to keep in mind when developing software for third world countries ■ Current trends in development aid
- 4. Comparsion Europe vs.Africa 4 Europe Africa Population 731,000,000 922,011,000 Area 10,180,000 km2 30,221,532 km2 Pop. Density 31 70 Countries 50 53 power supply N/A 37,00% mobile phone users 93.7%(EU) 5,00%
- 5.
- 6.
- 7. Flynn effect 7 ■ The Flynn effect is the rise of the average intelligence quotient (IQ) test scores over generations (IQ gains over time) ■ Average IQ by region: East Asians – 105 Europeans – 99 sub-Saharan - 67 Based on Reynolds et al. 1987, p. 330
- 8. Power supply europe 8 ■ Germany □ 5597 ■ France □ 6017 ■ Spain □ 4299 ■ Consumption in kW pro year per capita Source: Gini Global Energy Network Insitute
- 9. Power supply africa 9 ■ Kenya □ 640 ■ Ethiopia □ 370 ■ Conclusion: □ With the power of one german we can supply 9 kenyians Source: Gini Global Energy Network Insitute
- 10.
- 11. GSM Networks inEurope 11
- 12. GSM Networks inAfrica 12
- 13. Financing 13 ■ UNCTAD (2000) estimated that the annual total capital inflows of $9.5 billion to sub-Saharan Africa at the time had to be doubled over the next ten years in order to raise the investment
- 14. 14 What can be done with this point of departure?
- 15. One Laptop perChild 15
- 16. Vision: OLPC 16 Mission Statement: To create educational opportunities for the world's poorest children by providing each child with a rugged, low-cost, low-power, connected laptop with content and software designed for collaborative, joyful, self-empowered learning. When children have access to this type of tool they get engaged in their own education. They learn, share, create, and collaborate. They become connected to each other, to the world and to a brighter future.
- 17. Hardware 17 ■ Ruggedized for extrem environments ■ Wireless meshing possibility ■ Build speaker, microphone and camera for social activities ■ Build in gaming control buttons ■ Low power consumption ■ Overall cheap hardware ■ Possibility to power with a solar panel ■ Power consumption is 2 W
- 18.
- 19. Mobile Money 19 ■ Lack of banks pushes Africans to cellphone cash ■ Market forecast to reach 900 million people by 2014 ■ Phone operators see m-cash as tool for 'stickiness' ■ In Africa phone firms, not banks, lead the way ■ Only one in five people have bank accounts ■ mobile phones are spreading extremely fast: to 270 million in 2007 from just 50 million in 2003, according to industry association GSMA.
- 20. Grameen Bank 20 ■ Grameen Bank (GB) has reversed conventional banking practice by removing the need for collateral and created a banking system based on mutual trust, accountability, participation and creativity ■ As of May, 2009, it has 7.86 million borrowers, 97 percent of whom are women. With 2,556 branches, GB provides services in 84,388 villages, covering more than 100 percent of the total villages in Bangladesh.
- 21. Grameen Bank 21 ■ Easy messages to people ■ It communicates 16 decisions. Here is the first one:
- 22. Conclusion 22 ■ Help is possible ■ Keep it simple □ Keep it even more simple ■ Scale your solution ■ Easy things work
- 23. Sources 23 1. https://www.cs.tcd.ie/publications/tech-reports/reports.03/TCD-CS-2003-24.pdf 2. http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL6977618 3. http://www.gsmworld.com/roaming/GSM_WorldPoster2008A.pdf 4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa 5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe 6. http://research.nokia.com/research/labs/teams/nokia_research_africa 7. http://www.infrastructureafrica.org/ 8. http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/national_energy_grid/europe/graphics/euro_trans.GIF 9. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_energy_consumption_per_capita 10. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ 11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flynn_effect 12. http://www.brookings.edu/views/papers/dickens/20060619_IQ.pdf 13. Lynn, R. and Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the wealth of nations. Westport, CT: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-97510-X 14. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_and_intelligence 15. The state of data communication networks in Africa: an overview http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=307607.307616
- 24. Sources 24 16. Financing Africa’s Future G rowth and Development: Some I nnovations, E rnest Aryeetey 17. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OL PC _X O-1 18. http://www.laptop.org/en/