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Hfa progress review

The document summarizes Nepal's progress and challenges in implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action to reduce disaster risks. Key achievements include mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development plans and policies, developing institutions and community-based disaster management programs. However, challenges remain such as inadequate funding, lack of data and vulnerability assessments, and a need to further build a culture of resilience. Moving forward, Nepal aims to strengthen institutions and mainstreaming efforts, improve prevention, preparedness and response systems, and enhance regional and international cooperation on disaster risk reduction.

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Welcome to Disaster Free Nepal
“ Review of the Progress and Challenges in Implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action: Experience of Nepal” By Iswar Raj Regmi Under Secretary Ministry of Home Affairs Government of Nepal
Good afternoon and welcome I take this valuable opportunity to thank DMC team for this "Review of Regional Experiences on Realizing HFA".
Structure of Presentation Nepal and Disaster Interface HFA: Source of Inspiration for National Disaster Management System HFA and National Response: Innovative Approaches and Achievements Challenges and Gaps Moving Ahead
Nepal and Disaster Interface Disaster-prone and multi-hazard country: hot-spot for disaster Disaster has significant relationship with poverty, livelihood, natural resource management, sustainable development Disaster has multi-dimensional impacts: environmental, humanitarian, political, demographic, economic and infrastructural Climate change impacts Nepal has Three layers of tectonic fault zones Unstable soil condition due to young mountains Lack of general tendency to maintain gradient in mountainous settlements Deforestation and vegetation loss due to unscientific agro-farming and livestock farming Culture of manipulating nature/environmental resources rather to add value to nature
 
HFA: Source of Inspiration for National Disaster Management System Developing policy ownership and securing priority at the national polity Effective integration of disaster risk considerations into national development framework Development and strengthening of institutions, mechanisms and capacities at all levels of disaster response, and in particular at the community level Developing educational, scientific and technological support systems Systematic incorporation of risk reduction approaches into emergency preparedness, response and recovery Persuasive and collaborative partnerships at all levels: regional and international, national and community, government and non-government
HFA and National Response: Innovative Approaches and Achievements Priority 1 Ensure that disaster risk is a national and a local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation Key Achievements Tenth Plan and PRSP priority: Mainstreaming and sectoral interventions Integration into local self-governance act and the development planning system National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management in process Participatory exercise for a National Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction Disaster programming by Central Disaster Relief Committee New Act on Disaster Management in exercise with a focus on developing strong national and community level institutions Community based disaster management initiatives
Priority 2 Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning Key Achievements Central Disaster Relief Committee has improved the criteria and methods for disaster risk assessment Guidelines for effective preparedness to disaster risks Seismic vulnerability assessment of major hospitals/drinking water supply network Municipal earthquake risk management Information sharing at national, district and community levels on disaster risks Disaster Preparedness Network in action Awareness campaigns and community level early warning system applied through community based disaster risk management programmes Pre-disaster seminars at national and community levels for disaster risk assessment and early preparedness Weather forecasting and monitoring system
Priority 3 Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels Priority 4 Reduce the underlying risk factors Key Achievements Community based disaster risk management programme School safety programme Behaviour change communication through media and training, seminars and interactions Earthquake safety day campaigns Integration disaster risk into school curricula Publication of IEC materials at national and local levels Dynamic website on 'Disaster' in progress Enforcement of 'Building Code' and safety requirements by Municipalities EIA and IEE Relocation of at-risk communities in process Retrofitting of public buildings
Priority 5 Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels Prime Minister Disaster Relief Fund, Central Disaster Relief Fund and District Disaster Relief Fund Disaster preparedness programme budget at national and district levels National guidelines reviewed and put into force Planning and simulation exercises at national and local levels Kathmandu Valley earthquake preparedness initiatives Seminars and workshops at all levels Disaster preparedness and response action plan at local level Community level disaster risk management/ flood management programme Prepositioning of emergency rescue stores
Priority 5 - Achievements contd..... Community Level Preparedness for Glacier Lake Outburst Flood Model agreement with UN OCHA for emergency response Programme for Enhancement of Emergency Response-Training on CSSR MFR HOPE
 
Development of National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management
Driving Factors Hyogo Framework of Action and Nepal’s firm commitment to realization Sustainable development movement Disaster management as cross-cutting issue of development Disaster management as transformative agenda Increased political commitment Poverty reduction and pro-poor development State obligation and responsive governance Cross-border, regional and international cooperation Disaster risk reduction as global, regional and sub-regional concern
Streams and Approaches Strategic planning model Diffusionist and inventionist streams Critical social model (social legitimacy) rather than administrative-technical legitimacy model Adaptive model: Best fit rather than best practice Logical/Strategic incrementalism rather than so-called rational comprehensive model Entrepreneurial thinking Collaborative/participatory approach Rights-based approach rather than welfare approach
Structure Sector-specific strategies Health Education Water and sanitation Shelter, infrastructure and physical planning Information, communication, coordination and logistics Search and rescue, and damage/need assessment Agriculture and food security Livelihood protection Cross-cutting interventions Human rights and protection Gender and social inclusion Staff safety and security Decentralization and local self-governance
Consultative Mechanism Involvement of Stakeholders Government line ministries Local governing bodies NGO networks Corporate sector Community level organizations Local community people Experts Media International development partners Consultative process Sectoral workshops National workshop Consultation with international development partners Consultation with technical experts
 
Challenges and Gaps Governance Challenges Peace building process and political stability: determinant to political priority Developing a competent national institution with decentralized system of functioning Utilization of international and regional cooperation Inadequate legal instrument and weak enforcement Lack of visible and persuasive role by local self-governing bodies Socio-cultural/Behavioural Challenges Culture of submission to divinity and lack of resilient culture Conventional pattern of human settlement Complacent and non-demanding society Lack of environment-friendly society Inadequate behaviour-change communication Natural resource dependency trap
Methodological Challenges Lack of scientific data, disaster mapping and micro-zonation National documentation and information system on disaster is lacking Unpredictability due to climate change Sustainability of technological applications Economic Challenges Widespread poverty and livelihood problems Weak capacity of national treasury to adequately fund disaster risk reduction Maintenance and reconstruction of developmental infrastructures
Forward Moving Strategies: Priority Actions A nationally-owned and implementable national strategy on disaster risk reduction to implement HFA Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into national and local level planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation frameworks Strong institutional base for effective response to disaster risk preparedness and reduction: Networked, decentralized, entrepreneurial, collaborative, professional and virtual Strengthening prevention and preparedness: systems, mechanisms, methodologies and actions Scientific, educational and technological interventions Behaviour-change interventions Reconstruction, recovery, relocation and rehabilitation Sub-regional, regional and international cooperation and collaboration
Any queries, comments and suggestions...PLEASE
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