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GENERATIVE MEDIA
Fueling growth through networks of activity
http://www.flickr.com/photos/heliopaz/2007012694/
TOPICS

1. Market context 4. Commercial
                     framework
2. Impacts on
   journalism     5. Future
                     trajectory
3. Practical
   examples       6. Conclusion
TECHTONIC SHIFTS

• More     people online, increasing usage, connecting

• Client   software, tools for creation, standards battles

• Distribution      methods, points of control, platforms

• Connecting    the real world, devices, location

• Following   the cashflow, new revenue streams, companies

• Changing    behavior, new norms, rules, regulation
Competing on audience
    is very hard
Distributed platforms are
 bigger than ‘properties’
1 Billion
 Internet
  Users!
(15% of all
  people)
“the notion of the Web as the ultimate
marketplace for digital delivery is now in doubt.”
actually, total Internet
 activity is exploding


                    Video


                     P2P


                     Web
HAVE WE CHANGED, TOO?


• What   have we done to be a part of that growth?
• What’s different about what we do today compared
 to 2-3 years ago?
• Who   has benefitted from these changes?
1T
                     Google’s Search Index



          26M
                                   1B

1997   1998   1999   2000   2001    2002   2003   2004      2005         2006         2007         2008


                                                    http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2008/07/we-knew-web-was-big.html
Twitter            Facebook




          Tumblr
“An application that doesn’t leverage the
power of the cloud is not interesting. It’s
going to be too narrowly defined.
Why the mobile phone? Because it’s the
high volume endpoint. It’s more human. It’s
more interactive. It’s more dynamic. It’s more
personal.
It’s a principle of Mobile First.
Now our top engineers are developing
products for devices first.”
        - Eric Schmidt, February 2010 @ MWC
WHAT’S DIFFERENT ABOUT
        TODAY?
Go to where the users are

“In the new distributed world you want to be
where the people are.
The media brand is less a destination and a
magnet to draw people there than a label once
you’ve found the content, wherever and however
you found it.”
- Jeff Jarvis, Buzzmachine, “APIs: The new
distribution”
“Our most interesting
    experiments lie in
combining what we know
   with the experience,
opinions and expertise of
 the people who want to
  participate rather than
    passively receive.”
       Alan Rusbridger,
     Cudlipp Lecture 2010
By Andrzej Krauze
Photo by D.C.Atty
“Journalism without effect does not deserve the
special place in democracy that it tries to claim”
                                        Jonathan Stray
THE M-U-S-E FRAMEWORK
  An operational model with practical examples
Things




          Make       Use

         Evaluate    Share
Ideas




          Internal     External
Things that    Things that
we make         people use




Ideas that       Ideas that
we evaluate   people share
Make
Core
   Apps                      Web servers


        App




                   Proxy
                              App server

        App
                           Memcached (20Gb)
        App

        App                   rdbms

        App
                              M/Q

        App
                              CMS
external hosting
 app engine etc
WE KNOW WE’RE DOING
        WELL WHEN...
• We    make things quickly and cheaply

• The   things we make perform well, have acceptable errors

• We    make interesting, creative, groundbreaking things

• Our
    work is of a high standard, considered better than most
 competitors

• The   amount of what we produce is sufficient for demand
Use
Core
                             Api
   Web servers

                             Solr
    App server

                             Solr

Memcached (20Gb)
                             Solr      Mashery

    rdbms          Solr
                             Solr


     M/Q                     Solr


     CMS
                          Cloud, EC2
WE KNOW WE’RE DOING
        WELL WHEN...
• People   buy our paid-for products and see our free products
• We    receive a high value subsidy for what we offer
• People   dive into our products and spend time with them
• Partners   use our stuff, and they are making money as a result
• Partnerspay for access to our people, processes, platforms,
 other partners
• Our   market share in all the things we offer is strong
Share
WE KNOW WE’RE DOING
        WELL WHEN...
• People   both implicitly and explicitly indicate interests in things
• They spread our work through their social nets. Their social
 actions result in more actions from those connections.
• They participate in conversations we trigger and add to them
 with their ideas, both within and away from our products.
• They actively contribute by giving or selling us material to
 evaluate and then make things
• Thingschange in the world as a result of our work and the
 impact of our readers, users, and partners acting on it
Evaluate
The cost of flying the British (and
other) flags: £95,506, as reader
Sam Keir points out.

A spokesperson for the Department
for Culture, Media and Sport said it
was responsible for providing and
managing the flag-flying services for
ceremonial state occasions,
including state visits, trooping of the
colour and special flag days, for
example Commonwealth Day, UN
Day and Europe Day.
“It's going to be about poring over data and equipping yourself with the tools to
analyse it and picking out what's interesting. And keeping it in perspective,
helping people out by really seeing where it all fits together, and what's going
on in the country.” - Sir Tim Berners Lee
WE KNOW WE’RE DOING
           WELL WHEN...
•   We see important trends early, generally before the
    competition
• People   with important information share it with us directly
• We   are good at verifying information, recognizing it’s value and
    knowing what to do with it
• We     are honest and fair in our assessments, and the market
    validates that view
• We    are accurate and truthful by most objective standards
Make       Use




Evaluate   Share
SOME USEFUL METRICS
MAKE                                                  SHARE
• Time to develop, number of people involved          • Implicit interests collected from end-users
• Real cost of development                            • Explicit interests collected from end-users
• Ease-of-use, performance and errors                 • Number of shares (tweets, RT’s, likes, mailto’s, etc.)
• Aesthetic appeal                                    • Number of referral URLs posted
• Strengths against competition                       • Number of clicks from shares and referrals
• Weaknesses against competition                      • Number of comments within our stuff
                                                      • Number of comments elsewhere as a result of our stuff
USE                                                   • Quality of insights from comments
• Number or amount of things produced
• Number of people using each thing                   EVALUATE
• Number of repeat uses                               • Number of articles/posts/pictures/video pitched to us
• Amount of time spent                                • Cost of acquiring articles/posts/pictures/video, etc.
• Breadth and depth of usage                          • Amount of information intake
• Supply vs capacity ratio                            • Cost of data analysis on external inputs
• Number of things purchased                          • Success rate in surfacing strong signals in the data
• Amount received from buyers                         • Low failure rate: verifying information
• End-user response to promotions                     • Low failure rate: accuracy
• End-user conversion rate on promotions
• Amount received from advertising promotions
• Number of partners using our stuff in their stuff
• Revenue partners are earning from using our stuff
• Amount partners are spending to use our stuff
• Market share: end-users
• Market share: partners
Decisions based on
       value
THE COMMERCIAL MODEL OF
    NETWORK GRAPHS
User
             Tag




       URL
Ad




User
                  Tag




       URL
HOW IT COULD WORK


• target   ads to users based using profiles data
• adjust   messaging to match content of page
• make     it happen in real time
Media orgs are
 complicated
By Nimages DR
Generative networks
build value for all those
    who participate
•   Our information technology
    ecosystem functions best with
    generative technology at its core.
•   Generativity instigates a pattern
    both within and beyond the
    technological layers of
    information technology
    ecosystem (generative devices
    can actually lead to generative
    content-productions systems, like
    Wikipedia, for instance).
•   Proponents of generative
    systems ignore the drawbacks
    that attend generativity's success
    at their peril
PATTERNS TO THE FUTURE
complexity




           Excitement


activity
                             Frustration   ?
SUCCESS PATTERN

1. create a new layer of activity
   that simplifies the complexity in
   the network
2. commercialize access to or on
   top of that activity
activity
          le
       sab y
    ow or
  br ect
    dir
complexity
activity
      h
  arc
se ex
   ind
                    le
                 sab y
              ow or
            br ect
              dir
          complexity
l
  cia
so ers
  filt




                                   activity
                h
            arc
          se ex
             ind
                              le
                           sab y
                        ow or
                      br ect
                        dir
                    complexity
?
            l
      cia
    so
                          h
                       arc




                                          activity
                     se
                                     ry
                                  to
                                ec
                             dir
                complexity
Photo by maddito
WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN?

• New  languages form. Learn to communicate in
 greater detail and with more abstraction
 simultaneously.

• Thephysical world gets reinterpreted. A new “the
 world is flat” moment occurs.

• Gettingoff the grid becomes very hard. The new
 haves-v-havenots is about being untraceable.
complexity




                        ?




activity
“Today, after more than a century of electric
 technology, we have extended our central
 nervous system itself in a global embrace,
      abolishing both space and time
    as far as our planet is concerned.”

                    - Marshall McLuhan, 1964
THOUGHT EXPERIMENTS

• Visual language: Report the experience of a live event
 without using either words or photography.

• Working     off-grid: Get a quote remotely from a source in
 a way that is 100% untraceable by anyone ever.

• P2P  distribution: Find 1,000 readers for a story without
 publishing it through any kind of commercial entity.
CONCLUSION
“We are still learning how to deal with a
medium that is more than uni-
directional and thrives on collaboration
more than it does on competition.”

             - Jon Paton, CEO Journal Register
These changes show the emergence of a new
information environment, one in which individuals are
free to take a more active role than was possible in the
industrial information economy of the twentieth century.




                                                    Photo by Joi Ito