Oracle CodeOne 2019: Decompose Your Monolith: Strategies for Migrat...

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@crichardson
Decompose your monolith:
strategies for migrating to
microservices
Chris Richardson
Founder of Eventuate.io
F...

@crichardson
Presentation goal
How to incrementally refactor a
monolithic application to
microservices

@crichardson
About Chris
http://adopt.microservices.io

@crichardson
About Chris
https://microservices.io/book
40% discount with code
ctworaclecodeone19

About Chris: microservices.io
Microservices pattern
language
Articles
Example code
Microservices Assessment
Platform

@crichardson
Agenda
Why microservices?
Overview of refactoring a monolith
Implementing new features as services
Extracting...

@crichardson
+
Marketplace is volatile, uncertain, complex
and ambiguous
+
Businesses must innovate faster
Deliver softwar...

@crichardson
Monolithic architecture: -ilities
decline over time
Time
Maintainability
Testability
Deployability
Modularity...

The microservice architecture is
an architectural style
that structures an application as a
set of services*
Each microser...

@crichardson
Process: Lean + DevOps/Continuous Delivery & Deployment
Organization: Small,
autonomous,
product teams
Archit...

@crichardson
Agenda
Why microservices?
Overview of refactoring a monolith
Implementing new features as services
Extracting...

@crichardson
When to migrate to
microservices: DON”T!
The monolithic architecture is not an anti-pattern
If software deliv...

@crichardson
If and only if that is
insufﬁcient* then consider
migrating to microservices
*Large, complex applications dev...

@crichardson
How do you decompose your
big, scary monolithic application?
Monolith
Service?
Microservice architecture
Serv...

@crichardson
According to Randy Shoup:
“As Martin Fowler likes to say, the only
thing a Big Bang rewrite guarantees is a
B...

@crichardson
Best done incrementally!

@crichardson
Strangler
Application
http://www.martinfowler.com/bliki/StranglerApplication.html

@crichardson

@crichardson
Strangling the monolith
Monolith
Time
Monolith
Service
Monolith
Service
Service
Monolith
Service
Service
Serv...

@crichardson
Module
Strangling the monolith: reroute
requests to services
Monolith Service
API Gateway
Request
Monolith
Mo...

@crichardson
Agenda
Why microservices?
Overview of refactoring a monolith
Implementing new features as services
Extracting...

@crichardson
Let’s imagine you want to implement
a signiﬁcant new feature….
The Law of Holes:
"if you ﬁnd yourself in a ho...

@crichardson
Implement new functionality as a
service
Monolith Service
Data integration glue
API Gateway
Request
Monolithi...

@crichardson
Service Monolith data integration glue:
API invocation
Monolith Service
Monolithic
database
Service
database
...

@crichardson
Service Monolith data integration glue:
replicate data for reading
Monolith Service
Monolithic
database
Servi...

@crichardson
Service Monolith data
access options
Option Beneﬁts Drawbacks
API call to
monolith
Simple
Works for writes an...

@crichardson
Data replication options
Option Beneﬁts Drawbacks
Application events
Easy to publish meaningful events
Decoup...

@crichardson
FTGO Delayed delivery service
As a workaround for a mediocre
courier scheduling algorithm
that is taking too ...

FTGO Delayed delivery service
Periodically looks for
orders that won’t be
delivered on time
Not picked up and
restaurant c...

@crichardson
Delayed delivery service: data
integration strategies
Usage How
Orders
“complex” query to
determine whether
d...

@crichardson
Agenda
Why microservices?
Overview of refactoring a monolith
Implementing new features as services
Extracting...

@crichardson
Module service ...
Monolithic database
Module’s tables
Module
Monolith
Ext. API
Including slices
of tables

@crichardson
Deﬁne a two way “remotable”
interface
Monolithic database
Module’s tables
Module
Untangle
dependencies
Monoli...

@crichardson
Incrementally modify monolith
to invoke module via new API*
Module
Module
All writes - module/service owns it...

@crichardson
Replicating data to reduce scope of
refactoring
ORDER_ID STATE … DELIVERY_STATE COURIER_ID
… … … … …
ORDER_ID...

@crichardson
... Module service
Monolith
Service
Monolithic database
Module
Database
API Gateway
Request
Existing code or
...

@crichardson
Repeat extracting
services until:
• Eliminated the
monolith
• Solved software
delivery problems
• Higher prio...

@crichardson
What to extract?
Have the ideal microservice architecture in mind
Limited time-boxed architecture deﬁnition e...

@crichardson
Example:
Extracting delivery
management from the FTGO
monolith
https://microservices.io/refactoring/

@crichardson
AS-IS architecture: tangled code
FTGO
<<module>>
Order and DeliveryManagement
<<entity>>
Order
ORDER_ID STATE...

@crichardson
AS-IS: tangled code
Order
deliveryTime
Restaurant
address
… Courier
address
availability
…
Plan
Action
type
L...

@crichardson
TO-BE design
Order
deliveryTime
Restaurant
Courier
availability
…
Plan
Action
type
Line
Item Address
delivery...

@crichardson
FTGO monolith Delivery Service integration
Delivery Service
Restaurant
Courier
availability
…
Delivery
delive...

@crichardson
AS-IS TO-BE: Overview of
extracting the Delivery Service
1. Split the code: convert delivery management code ...

@crichardson
FTGO
<<module>>
Order Management
<<module>>
Delivery Management
<<entity>>
Order
ORDER_ID STATE … DELIVERY_ST...

@crichardson
Delivery Mgmt
Module
Restaurant
Courier
availability
location
…
Delivery
deliveryTime
Delivery
Service
schedu...

@crichardson
FTGO
<<module>>
Order
Management
<<module>>
Delivery
Management
<<entity>>
Order
Consumer
Courier
schedule()
...

@crichardson
Deﬁning the DELIVERY table
create table ftgo_delivery.delivery (…)
select …subset of columns…
from ftgo.order...

@crichardson
Delivery ServiceFTGO
But it’s not just the DELIVERY table
Courier
Id
Name
Availability
Courier
Id
Name
Availa...

@crichardson
Replicating the RESTAURANT
table
create table ftgo_delivery.restaurants
select …subset of columns…
from ftgo....

@crichardson
FTGO
<<module>>
Order
Management
<<module>>
Delivery
Management
<<entity>>
Order
Consumer Courier
schedule()
...

@crichardson
FTGO
<<module>>
Order
Management
<<module>>
Delivery
Management
<<entity>>
Order
Consumer Courier
schedule()
...

@crichardson
Integration using asynchronous messaging
Delivery
Service
Delivery
Service
schedule()
reschedule()
cancel()
D...

@crichardson
FTGO
<<module>>
Order
Management
<<entity>>
Order
Consumer Courier
schedule() Delivery Service
<<module>>
Del...

@crichardson
Summary
The microservice architecture enables the rapid, frequent and
reliable delivery of changes to long-li...

@crichardson
@crichardson chris@chrisrichardson.net
http://adopt.microservices.io
Questions?
40% discount with code
ctwo...

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