Integrating Gender in Policy Research and Outreach

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Unpacking the “Gender Box”:
Integrating Gender in Policy Research and Outreach
Photo credit: Agnes Quisumbing

Some terminology
▪ Gender = socially constructed relationships/differences between
men and women
▪ Includes the roles, res...

Gender analysis
▪ A set of tools for uncovering differences
between men and women in order to ensure
that our research pro...

When does it make sense to pay attention to gender in
your research?
▪ When there are systematic gender
differences in…
o ...

Key questions to ask
▪ What different roles/stakes do women
and men have in XXX?
▪ How might a policy or intervention
affe...

Gender in Food Systems
Agriculture is highly “gendered” in developing economies (SOFA 2011):
▪ Women make up a large perce...

Reducing poverty
▪ Women are more constrained than men in terms of
control over and access to resources
▪ Women often lack...

Benefits of closing the gender-resource gap
▪ Productivity boost
▪ Women could increase productivity on their farms by 20-...

Page 10
Misconceptions about gender research
▪ Gender research is not only about child nutrition or schooling: women are
e...

Economic models of the household
Unitary Model Bargaining Model
Household head is
the benevolent
dictator:
He knows all an...

Reality is more complex:
▪ Research shows the unitary model of the
household does not apply
▪ Households do not act as one...

Assets Well-being
Livelihood
strategy Full income
Consumption
Savings/
Investment
Shocks
Men WomenJoint
Context: Ecologica...

Levels of gender analysis
Household type
(“MHH” “FHH”)
This is a comparison of household types, not a full gender analysis

Levels of gender analysis
Individual
“Men” “Women”
Household type
(“MHH” “FHH”)

Levels of gender analysis
Individual
“Men” “Women”
Household type
(“MHH” “FHH”)
Plot
“Male managed”
“Female managed”
“Join...

Objectives of gender-sensitive development programs
▪ Three types of gender-sensitive development programs:
▪ The strategi...

Example: Nutritious crop disseminated through
agricultural extension
Objective
Reach Benefit Empower
• Deliver agricultura...

Definition of empowerment
The various material,
human, and social
resources that serve to
enhance one’s ability
to exercis...

Measuring empowerment
Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI)
▪ Measures inclusion of women in the agricultural se...

Three types of
agency measured
in pro-WEAI
Power to
(instrumental agency)
Power within
(intrinsic agency)
Power with
(coll...

Pro-WEAI is made up of two sub-indices
Three domains
of empowerment
(3DE)
A direct measure of
women’s empowerment in
3 dim...

12 indicators of empowerment
Each
indicator
receives an
equal
proportion
(1/12) of the
overall
weight
Empowered
if adequat...

Data sources (and what you can do with them)
▪ Ways to measure women’s empowerment
with:
o Household-level datasets
o Indi...

Indicators for measuring women’s empowerment from existing
datasets - RESOURCES
Sub-categories Examples of Indicators Data...

Survey module examples: The household roster

Survey module examples: Land and assets

Indicators for measuring women’s empowerment from
existing datasets - AGENCY
Sub-categories Examples of Indicators Data re...

Survey module examples: Control over income

Indicators for measuring women’s empowerment from existing
datasets - ACHIEVEMENTS
Sub-categories Examples of Indicators D...

Survey module examples: IPV

How does having a gender lens enrich policy research?
Examples from PRCI Research Areas:
▪ Healthy Food Systems (Agricultu...

Value of “Unpacking the Gender Box”: Example 1
Agriculture to Nutrition Pathways Influenced by Gender
Source: Passarelli e...

Policy implications of gender influence on agriculture-
nutrition pathways
▪ What does this mean for policy/programming?
▪...

Value of “Unpacking the Gender Box”: Example 2
Awareness and Adoption of Climate-Smart Practices is Gendered
Awareness
Ado...

Policy implications of gender
dimensions of CSA
▪ What does this mean for policy/programming?
o Lots of other differences ...

Value of “Unpacking the Gender Box”: Example 3
Agricultural Value Chains and Gender

Policy implications of research and practice on gender
equality in agricultural value chains
▪ Women’s participation in ag...

Conclusions: Integrating gender into the research
process
▪ Priority setting:
o Who participates in setting the research a...

Resources: Data
▪ IFPRI Data Repository: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/IFPRI
▪ USAID Feed the Future Datasets: h...

Resources: Toolkits and Frameworks
▪ WEAI Resource Center http://weai.ifpri.info/
▪ Gender, Agriculture and Assets Program...

Resources: Publications (1)
▪ A. Quisumbing, R. Meinzen-Dick, T. Raney, A. Croppenstedt, J. Behrman, and A. Peterman (Eds....

▪ Cheryl Doss: "If women hold up half the sky, how much of the world's food do they produce?"
(http://www.fao.org/docrep/0...

▪ Quisumbing, A., Meinzen-Dick, R., and Njuki, J. (Eds). 2019. Gender Equality in Rural Africa: From
Commitments to Outcom...

Integrating Gender in Policy Research and Outreach

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