2b nrgi asm decentralization monywa_march 2019 en

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Decentralization of artisanal and small-scale
mining governance:
Considerations for Sagaing
MCRB workshop
Monywa, March 20...

Overview
2

Objectives
• Provide an overview of the complexities of ASM governance.
• Strengthen understanding of mining decentralizat...

Overview of Myanmar’s decentralization process
• 2008 Constitution and 2015 amendment.
• 2015 Union Mines Law and 2018 Uni...

Myanmar ASM overview
• Economic importance:
• Rural jobs and livelihoods
• Major contribution to mineral
production
• Gove...

Opportunities of decentralization
• Promote formalization.
• Bring decision-making, revenue collection and monitoring clos...

Formalization
7
Unlicensed,
informal ASM
Responsible,
licensed ASMIncrease in technology, education, access to land, finan...

Licensing
8

Background
• 2015 Mines Law and 2018 Mines Rules say that State or Region Scrutiny Boards
are responsible for small-scale ...

Key issues
• Mismanagement and corruption
• Overlaps and conflicts with large-scale mining
• Ongoing lack of formalization...

Case study: Indonesia
• Decentralization led to tenure
insecurity, mismanagement and
corruption.
• More than 10,000 small-...

Define clear and objective licensing procedures
• Set out a clear and predicable step-by-step licensing process.
• Clearly...

Illustrative licensing process
13
1. Pre-
screening
Committee
secretary:
- Receives
application
- Checks
eligibility using...

Put in place coherent systems to store and manage information
• Ensure all applications are recorded in a registry book.
•...

Example of a registry book from Mauritania
15

Illustrative template of a license database
16
License
code
Production
block
number
License
status
Application date Issuin...

Put in place simple transparency mechanisms
• Publish laws, rules, notifications, procedures and evaluation
criteria.
• Pu...

Actively manage relations with large-scale miners
• ASM zones can help to avoid overlaps but pose many other
challenges.
•...

Risk of licensing ASM in areas with no geological potential
19
ASM zone
Primary
deposit
Secondary
deposit

Risk of licensing ASM in areas with large-scale potential
20
ASM zone
Primary
deposit
Secondary
deposit

Getting it right…(almost)
21
ASM zone
Primary
deposit
Secondary
deposit
?
?

Put in place a formalization strategy
• Find ways to make it as easy as possible for miners to work
legally:
• Simplify ap...

Environment
23

Background
• Environmental requirements defined in Environmental Conservation Law (2012) and
Environmental Impact Assessme...

Overview of the IEE process
25

Key issues
• Potential for major environmental impacts (e.g. mercury).
• Unclear roles and responsibilities between differ...

Simplify environmental approval processes
• Conduct cumulative impact
assessments
• Develop IEE template
• Support rehabil...

Case study: Mongolia
• Ministry of Mining partnered with
Swiss development agency and Asia
Foundation to develop rehabilit...

Strengthen monitoring and enforcement
• Be clear which institutions are responsible for monitoring and
enforcement.
• Make...

Thank you
30
For more information contact Sebastian Sahla (ssahla@resourcegovernance.org).

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