Iterations paper prototype

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Usability test of
ballot paper prototypes for
tablet -
design iterations
University of Baltimore
Drew Davies
Dana Chisnell...

Iteration 1

Iteration 2 Localizes the ballot for the testing location.

Iteration 3
Reorients to vertical
from horizontal,
getting ready for tiny
screens.

Instructions to voters

Iteration 1 Appears after the title screen. Text comes from NIST research.

Iteration 2 Corrects emphasis in the ﬁrst paragraph.

Iteration 3 Added illustration, which did not seem to help.

Iteration 4
Moved from horizontal
to vertical changes the
proportions, which
feels different.

Iteration 5
Added a simpler
illustration back into
the vertical version.

Help version
Here we added a
pointer to the
supplemental content
that acts like context
help.

Straight party voting

Iteration 1 The NIST ballot includes straight-party.

Iteration 2 Expands explanation of straight-party voting.

Iteration 2, selected state

Iteration 3 Paring down the instructions substantially.

Iteration 4 Simplifying wording, and adding paragraph breaks.

Iteration 5
Vertical layout
enforces order. We
added (i) buttons for
supplemental content.

Vote for 1

Iteration 1 Showing the number of choices remaining was helpful.

Iteration 1, selected state

Iteration 2 Correcting the instructions for changing votes.

Leads to
information
Informatio...

Supplemental content, iteration 1

Supplemental content, iteration 1

Supplemental content, iteration 1

Iteration 4
Vertical, with minimal
instructions.

Supplemental
content,
iteration 2
In addition to going
vertical, we added
simpliﬁed illustrations.

Supplemental
content,
iteration 2

Multi-candidate
contests

Iteration 1

Iteration 1, selected state Avoiding a testing artifact, we changed party names.

Iteration 2 Correcting the instructions for changing votes.

Iteration 2, content scrolled down

Iteration 2, content scrolled to end

Iteration 3
Vertical format,
minimal instructions.

Iteration 3,
content
scrolled

Iteration 4

Iteration 4,
scrolled
We still have questions
about how scrolling
should work.

Judge retention
contests

Iteration 1

Iteration 2 Changing the order of and shortening instructions.

Iteration 3
Vertical, minimalist.

Referenda

Iteration 1 Note “Yes” or “No.”

Iteration 2, and selected state

Iteration 3 Correcting the instructions on changing votes. Switching to “For” and
“Against.” The literature is unclear abo...

Iteration 4
Staying with “For” and
“Against” for the
vertical version posed
no problems.

Ballot measures

Iteration 1

Iteration 2 Correcting the instructions on changing votes.

Iteration 3 Localizing the state the ballot measure applies to.

Iteration 4
Pared-down
instructions, and room
for a question that can
be answered “Yes” or
“No.”

Write-ins

Iteration 1 Instructions from the NIST study.

Iteration 1

Iteration 2
Vertical version, with
minimal instructions,
focusing on what
would invalidate the
vote.

Iteration 2

Supplemental
content,
iteration 1
Touching the (i) leads
to the instructions that
used to be on the
surface screen.

Reviewing votes

Iteration 1

Note the
use of the
word,
...

Iteration 1, scrolled down (page 3)

Iteration 1, scrolled to the end

Iteration 2
Vertical format, with
wording change in the
scroll button.

Iteration 2,
scrolled down
(page 2)

Iteration 2,
scrolled down
(page 3)

Iteration 2,
scrolled down
(page 4)

Iteration 3,
scrolled down
(page 4)

Iteration 4,
scrolled down
(page 2)
Revelation! “Choices”
means there are still
more choices to make.
Wording changes both...

Iteration 4,
scrolled down
(page 3)
The wording changes
and simple instructions
helped participants
understand the
purpose...

Supplemental
content,
iteration 1

Changing a vote

Iteration 1

Iteration 2
Changing the button
label to telegraph the
navigation.

Iteration 3

Iteration 4

Casting the vote

Iteration 1

Iteration 1

Iteration 2
We’re hoping that the
vertical format will
scale well to tiny
screens.

Iteration 2

18 participants
4 days
16 versions

Next:
Usability testing of
digital prototypes
mid-January 2013

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