MH17: Потенциальные подозреваемые и свидетели из 53-й зенитно-ракет...

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MH17 - Potential Suspects and Witnesses
from the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
A bell¿ngcat Investigation

bell¿ngcat
Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................

1 bell¿ngcat
Introduction
In a previous report, Origin of the Separatists’ Buk,1
the Bellingcat investigation team describ...

2 bell¿ngcat
An uncensored and more extensive version of this report was sent to the Joint Investigation Team in
December ...

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3 bell¿ngcat
Section One: The 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
Videos and photographs of the 23-25 June 2014 Buk convoy ...

4 bell¿ngcat
Until 2010, both the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade and the 448th
Missile Brigade (which were and
still a...

5 bell¿ngcat
A complete Buk-M1 (and later generation Buk-M1-2) system consists of 11 vehicles: one command
vehicle or comm...

6 bell¿ngcat
Based on several open sources mentioned above, the organizational structure of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft
Missile...

7 bell¿ngcat
To identify soldiers of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade, the Bellingcat team used photos of
badges, pa...

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8 bell¿ngcat
Left: a flag with the symbol of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade.
Middle and right: modern insignia of ...

9 bell¿ngcat
Section Two: Mobilization of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
In two previous reports (Origin of the Se...

10 bell¿ngcat
The 23-25 June 2014 Buk Convoy Vehicles
As described in Section One, most of the Buk-M1 vehicles visible in ...

11 bell¿ngcat
Left: Buk-M1 missile launcher 211; middle: Buk-M1 missile launcher 212; right: Buk-M1 missile loader x23 rep...

12 bell¿ngcat
As these videos show a complete Buk-M1 system and most Buk unit vehicles originated from the 2nd
Battalion o...

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13 bell¿ngcat
The table below presents an estimate of the number of people visible on the seats next to the drivers
in the...

14 bell¿ngcat
One noteworthy video, uploaded 19 July 2014, shows a Buk missile loader that was seen in the 23-25
June 2014...

15 bell¿ngcat
The 19-21 July 2014 Buk Convoy Vehicles
The 1st
Battalion of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade transpor...

16 bell¿ngcat
Satellite imagery from 18 July 2014 shows some vehicles just outside the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile
Brigade ...

17 bell¿ngcat
The 16 August 2014 Missile Transport
On 16 August 2014, Reuters published an article featuring two photograp...

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18 bell¿ngcat
In addition to the location, Bellingcat was also able to confirm that these vehicles belong to the 53rd
Anti...

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Left: Ural 4320 truck with KS-2573 crane with license plate 0502 HC 50 from one of Reuters’ 16 August 2014 p...

20 bell¿ngcat
Deployment of the 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade in the Summer of 2014
As mentioned in the beginning of ...

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Left: military vehicles in an open area between two parts of a small forest near Duby (Rostov Oblast, Russia...

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In addition, the destination of the 19-21 July 2014 Buk convoy also is described in Tracking the
Trailers. T...

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23 bell¿ngcat
Section Three: Soldiers of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
Introduction
This section describes the re...

24 bell¿ngcat
Screenshots of an SBU showing that the Buk-M1 crossed the border between Russia and Ukraine under its own po...

25 bell¿ngcat
A BBC article by John Sweeney mentions three eyewitnesses who saw the Buk missile launcher in
Snizhne on 17 ...

26 bell¿ngcat
2nd Battalion of the 53rd Brigade in 2013
Early into the MH17 investigation, a sergeant named Ivan Krasnopro...

27 bell¿ngcat
Via the soldiers’ VK connections, more soldiers of the same unit were found; these soldiers uploaded
photogr...

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28 bell¿ngcat
Left: Buk missile launcher 212, uploaded 17 March 2013; right: a soldier operating the same vehicle, uploade...

29 bell¿ngcat
In addition to the connections between the soldiers on VK, many pictures found in photo albums of
the soldie...

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3rd Battalion of the 53rd Brigade in 2014
The Bellingcat team found another attendance list, uploaded in Aug...

31 bell¿ngcat
Left: a soldier near a military ambulance on the base of the 53rd
Brigade
near Kursk, geotagged Kurskiy rayo...

32 bell¿ngcat
Only two soldiers of the 3rd
Battalion posted pictures of a Buk missile launcher; these were uploaded
Novemb...

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33 bell¿ngcat
Recommissioning of the 3rd
Battalion
Evidence from 2015 shows that the 3rd
Battalion of the 53rd
Anti-Aircra...

34 bell¿ngcat
After the publication of the Censor.net article, the Bellingcat team found more photographs of
soldiers from...

35 bell¿ngcat
Other photographs show soldiers wearing the helmets of the 3rd
Battalion with the number 332,
some photograp...

36 bell¿ngcat
2nd Battalion of the 53rd Brigade in 2014
In search of information about 53rd
Brigade members who might have...

37 bell¿ngcat
The same forum has a topic about the unit in Orenburg as well (Unit 33860), where posts can be
found from th...

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39 bell¿ngcat
In addition to these pictures, which already prove that Vitaly took part in the June 2014 Buk convoy,
an ima...

40 bell¿ngcat
More photographs of soldiers, connected directly or indirectly to Aleksey, Vitaly, or Evgeny, show
them in w...

41 bell¿ngcat
These photographs show that a group of soldiers in the 2nd
Battalion of 2014 started their military
service ...

42 bell¿ngcat
Google Map of the area southwest of Millerovo (green circle) with Duby (red circle), Mityakinskaya (orange c...

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43 bell¿ngcat
Left: Roman in Chebotovka on 23 July 2014; right: Artur near Duby on 16 July 2014.
Ruslan on a Buk missile l...

44 bell¿ngcat
Further investigation into the connections of the 2nd
Battalion members reveals additional images of
the 23-...

45 bell¿ngcat
A soldier connected to Pavel named Dmitry is photographed standing by a truck near Alexeyevka
with a sign di...

46 bell¿ngcat
A soldier who gives additional information about the June 2014 convoy is Ivan, a contract soldier since
2011...

47 bell¿ngcat
Ivan’s Twitter post where he wrote that he was at the border with Ukraine for three months, 21 October 2014....

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48 bell¿ngcat
On 22 October 2014 Anton Korobkov-Zemlyansky, a journalist, media producer, TV/radio host and
member of the ...

49 bell¿ngcat
Left: Anton inside a Buk, wearing a 121 helmet, uploaded 6 January 2015; right: Anton , standing in a field,...

50 bell¿ngcat
Other notable photographs were uploaded 8 August 2014 by another soldier of the 2nd
Battalion. In
these phot...

51 bell¿ngcat
The Bellingcat team found many more images of soldiers in uniforms and with military equipment in
a remote a...

52 bell¿ngcat
1st Battalion of the 53rd Brigade in 2014
In Section Two, the 19-21 July 2014 Buk convoy is described as con...

53 bell¿ngcat
Two soldiers in front of BTR 993, a vehicle that was part of the 19-21 July 2014 Buk convoy,
photograph uplo...

54 bell¿ngcat
Picture of the soldier in front of Buk missile launcher 132, uploaded 10 July 2014.
However, according to an...

55 bell¿ngcat
Another soldier who very likely was in the 1st
Battalion uploaded a photograph of himself sitting on a
BTR n...

56 bell¿ngcat
Section Four: Cadets at the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
MATI Cadets
During the first few months of Be...

57 bell¿ngcat
One more interesting detail about the certificates is the code ‘вус-042800,’ where ‘вус’ stands for
“Военно-...

58 bell¿ngcat
Some of the photographs show vehicles such as the Buk missile launchers 132 and 122 and the BTR
80 (numbered...

59 bell¿ngcat
Closer examination of the MATI students’ photographs on the 2014 MATI Kursk VK community
reveals interesting...

60 bell¿ngcat
MIET Cadets
Another technical university, which is now called the National Research University of Electronic...

61 bell¿ngcat
Left: MIET military insignia, as seen on the university’s website;91
Right: A MIET cadet wearing the unit pa...

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A photograph in the album of the same MIET cadet shows two officers, who can be identified as
Grigory M., a ...

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Section Five: Commanders of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
Introduction
The required number of crew ...

64 bell¿ngcat
On 30 January 2015, the Ukrainian news site Censor.net published a photograph of a repainted Buk
missile lau...

65 bell¿ngcat
Army ranks and insignia of the Russian army (except navy) from the Russian version of the page on Wikipedia ...

66 bell¿ngcat
Buk Unit Commanders of the 2nd Battalion in 2014
The first officers the Bellingcat team found on VK are thos...

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Evgeney M., a lieutenant of the 2nd Battalion of the 53rd Brigade, image uploaded 18 June 2012.
Eleven ‘co-w...

70 bell¿ngcat
One noteworthy co-worker of Evgeny M. is Sergey O., who has affiliated himself with the 53rd
Anti-
Aircraft ...

72 bell¿ngcat
A photograph of five commanders standing in front of an unnumbered Buk missile launcher,
including one comma...

73 bell¿ngcat
The profiles of Vitaly K. and Evgeny G. do not give any information about the battalion they are in, and
onl...

74 bell¿ngcat
Left: Vitaly K., lieutenant, 31 March 2013; middle: Vitaly K. with emblem of the Air Defense, 4 February 201...

76 bell¿ngcat
Vadim Myagkov, senior lieutenant, 23 November 2014.
Another image from Vadim M.’s album shows some of his co...

77 bell¿ngcat
The fourth officer is named Vladimir P., also a connection of aforementioned officers, who was clearly
recog...

78 bell¿ngcat
The second tagged image is from 3 December 2011, in which Vadim M. and other soldiers or officers
are visibl...

79 bell¿ngcat
Buk missile launcher 221 and six officers: Evgeny M. (left), Vladimir P. (2nd
from left), Sergey O. (3rd
fro...

80 bell¿ngcat
Buk missile launcher 211 and six officers: Evgeny G. (left), unidentified officer (second from left), Igor S...

81 bell¿ngcat
Pavel K., a likely Buk unit commander of the 2nd
Battalion in 2014, was discovered through common
connection...

82 bell¿ngcat
Commanders of the 1st and 3rd Battalions in 2014
In addition to the 2nd
Battalion, commanders from the 1st
B...

83 bell¿ngcat
Battery Commanders of the 2nd Battalion in 2014
The subsection about the Buk unit commanders of the 2nd
Batt...

87 bell¿ngcat
Four officers inside a building of the 53rd
Brigade, 1 March 2014: an unidentified major (left),
major I. L ...

88 bell¿ngcat
Left: Vladimir P. (left) and Rafael A. (right) in the Akthubinskiy rayon, 15 October 2015;
Right: Alexander ...

89 bell¿ngcat
The previous subsection described a major named Dmitry K., who is visible in several images
uploaded by Vadi...

90 bell¿ngcat
Other Commanders in the 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade in 2014
One commander connected to several 2nd
Ba...

91 bell¿ngcat
Ilmir K. is a commander who started in Orenburg and was already an officer in 2009; he later became
a captai...

93 bell¿ngcat
Commander of the 2nd Battalion in 2014
In the introduction, a name of a possible 2014 2nd
Battalion commande...

94 bell¿ngcat
A photograph posted on Odnoklassniki in 2014 identifies Dmitry T., who was very likely the 2nd
Battalion com...

95 bell¿ngcat
Left: Dmitry T. and his wife, Mail.ru, 2011; middle: Dmitry T. in front of Korrenaya Hermitage
in Svoboda ne...

96 bell¿ngcat
Commander of the 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade in 2014
The introduction mentions Sergey Borisovich Much...

97 bell¿ngcat
After the names have been read aloud, four officers step forward to the Memorial Complex, and the
officer to...

98 bell¿ngcat
The Bellingcat team also found social media profiles of Sergey Muchkaev on Odnoklassniki and
Facebook. Photo...

100 bell¿ngcat
Information about the history of the 53rd
Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade and a photograph of Colonel Sergey ...

101 bell¿ngcat
Left: Colonel Sergey Borisovich Muchkaev, interview recorded by ‘Rossiya 1 Kursk’, video uploaded 24 Decemb...

102 bell¿ngcat
Air Defense and Supreme Commanders in 2014
The decision to send a Buk missile launcher to Ukraine was certa...

103 bell¿ngcat
Other images and videos where Zolotov is visible, albeit from a distance, are photographs and videos
of the...

104 bell¿ngcat
A news article from 18 September 2013 says that the head of the 20th
Army (officially called the 20th
Guard...

105 bell¿ngcat
As mentioned earlier this section, published articles144
and uploaded videos on 24 December 2015145
showing...

106 bell¿ngcat
Official sources state that the Commander of the Western Military District in 2014 was a man named
Anatoliy...

107 bell¿ngcat
Mikhail Kondratyevich Krush,157
who was interviewed by a Novorossiya news agency, which still
referred to h...

108 bell¿ngcat
Left: Arkady Viktotovich Bakhin, First Deputy Minister of Defense (until 17 November 2015);
Second from lef...

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111 bell¿ngcat
Conclusions
The Bellingcat investigation team comes to the following conclusions:
 In 2014, the 53rd
Anti-...

112 bell¿ngcat
 The 2nd
Battalion of the 53rd
Brigade had six missile launchers and three missile loaders in
2014. These ...

113 bell¿ngcat
Acknowledgments
Report written by:
Daniel Romein
Review, corrections, and translations by:
Aric Toler
Natha...

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