Bitwise Operations in Programming

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Processing Bits in the Integer Numbers
Bitwise Operations in Programming
Svetlin Nakov, PhD
Co-Founder...

sli.do
#nakov
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 The 4 groups of software development skills
 Coding, algorithms, development concepts, technologies
 Numerals system...

 Coding skills – 20%
 Algorithmic thinking – 30%
 Fundamental concepts of the
software developer profession – 25%
 Pro...

0|1
Bits
What is a Bit?

 Bit == the smallest unit of data used in computing
 Takes only one of two values: either a 0 or 1
 1 bit can store any...

 Bit – single 0 or 1, representing a bit of data
 Byte (octet) == 8 bits == the smallest addressable unit
in the compute...

5
101b
0x8
Numerals Systems
Decimal, Binary and Hexadecimal

 Numeral system == system for representing
numbers in written form using sequence of digits
 Positional numeral systems ...

Decimal Numbers
 Decimal numbers (base 10)
 Represented using 10 numerals (called digits):
 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, ...

Binary Numbers
 The binary system is used in computer systems
 Binary numbers (base 2)
 Represented by sequence of 0 or...

Binary and Decimal Conversion
 Binary to decimal
 Multiply each digit to its
magnitude (power of 2)
 Decimal to binary
...

>>
Bitwise Operations
Bitwise Operators and Bit Shifts

Bitwise Operators
 Bitwise operators work with the binary representations of
the numbers, applying bit by bit calculation...

 Bitwise NOT (~)
 Bitwise AND (&)
Bitwise Operators – Examples
5 // 0101
~5 // 1010
5 // 0101
3 // 0011
5 & 3 // 0001
 ...

 Bit shifts are bitwise operations, where
 Bits are moved (shifted) to the left or right
 The bits that fall outside th...

 How to get the last bit from a number n?
 The bits are numbered from 0, from right to the left
 The position of the la...

 How to get the bit at position p from a number n?
 Bit at position – formula:
Bitwise Operations: Get Bit at Position
n...

 How to set the bit at given position p to 0 or 1?
 Assign a bit b (0 or 1) at position p – formula:
Bitwise Operations:...

20
 Networking protocols
 Many devices communicate using bit-level protocols
 E.g. the SYN flag in the TCP protocol hea...

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software developer profession – 25%
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