The Diversity of Exoplanetary Environments and the Search for Signs...

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The Diversity of Exoplanetary Environments and the Search
for Signs of Life Beyond Earth
Sara Seager1,2,3,*, Janusz J. Pet...

1. The Diverse Range of Exoplanets
Ever since the telescope showed that the planets were worlds like our own and not just
...

Exoplanets vary widely, from massive giants over ten times Jupiter’s mass to small, rocky
worlds smaller than Earth (Figur...

Figure 2. Red dwarf stars are more favorable for transiting planet atmosphere characterization. The main
way we observe ex...

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Figure 3. Illustration of star spot contamination contribution to a transit transmission spectrum. Left: a planet
atmosphe...

2. Planet Atmosphere Types are Not Limiting for the Persistence of
Life
Studies via computer simulations of habitable exop...

biochemicals essential to some eukaryotes. Aside from our study, and a recent report on
the long-term growth and survivabi...

completely unaffected by 100% headspace of CO. For example, Thermoanaerobacter
thermohydrosulfuricus, a naturally occurrin...

It is unknown if CO is toxic to animals that have no blood pigment whatsoever, such as
to Antarctic fish, e.g. Chiondraco ...

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The inhibitory effect of high concentrations of CO2, however, is not universal. Microbial
species, including cyanobacteria...

oxidation of the mantle mediated by the magma ocean; accumulation of substantial pO2
requires high water bulk inventories,...

pressure (Scott and Glasspool, 2006), and even relatively inert materials can burn
extremely rapidly in a 1 bar oxygen atm...

grow in 20% CH4 headspace conditions (e.g., (Danilova et al., 2016; Farhan Ul Haque et
al., 2018; Vekeman et al., 2016)) a...

chemistry in concentrated sulfuric acid, with remote observations of Venus and space
missions focusing on the chemical com...

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water worlds, scaled-down versions of Neptune, or possess mixed hydrogen envelopes
overlying a magma ocean.
Regardless, it...

possess thick hydrogen/helium envelopes that create greenhouse effects, rendering the
ocean beneath potentially too hot an...

active, and frequently exhibit starspots which evolve over time, leading to an
inhomogeneous stellar background. The wavel...

4.3 Habitable Worlds Observatory
The astronomy community aims to expand our scope from M dwarf to Sun-like stars,
striving...

imply the necessity of surface contact or efficient meteoritic delivery to sustain an active
biosphere. A new generation o...

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Danilova O V, Suzina NE, Van De Kamp J, et al. A New Cell Morphotype among Methane Oxidizers: A
Spiral-Shaped Obligately M...

Kasting JF, Pollack JB and Crisp D. Effects of High CO2 Levels on Surface Temperature and
Atmospheric Oxidation State of t...

Growth of Acetobacterium Woodii on Hydrogen and Lactate in the Chemostat. FEMS Microbiol Ecol
1998;26(4):317–324; doi: 10....

Sulfuric Acid: Implications for the Persistence of Organic Chemistry in Venus’ Clouds. Life 2024b;14:538;
doi: 10.3390/lif...

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