CCAFS Seminar on Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation in Ea...

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Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Laura Cramer and Philip Thornton
Vision for CCAFS Phase II

Overview
• Highlights of CCAFS Phase I
• CCAFS Phase II
 Outcomes and targets
 Impact pathway and theory of change
 Fla...

Highlights of CCAFS Phase I
(2011 – 2016)
• Scaling up tailored seasonal advisories (Senegal, Colombia,
Honduras)
• Develo...

CCAFS Phase II overview
• CGIAR System Level Outcomes:
 Reducing poverty: target is to have 11 million farm households ad...

CCAFS Phase II Impact Pathway and
Theory of Change
• To be achieved through strong partnerships:
 Regional bodies (AU, NE...

CCAFS Flagships
• FP1: Priorities and Policies for CSA, Philip Thornton
• FP2: Climate Smart Technologies and Practices, A...

CCAFS Regions and RPLs
Latin America
Ana Maria
Loboguerrero
West Africa
Robert
Zougmore
South Asia
Pramod
Aggarwal
East Af...

CCAFS Works Across Scales

Communication, Gender and Social Inclusion, Capacity Strengthening
Center led RPL led Bilateral
Develop Index insurance fo...

• Scenario-based policy reviews
• Tanzania National Environment Policy
• Ugandan Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan
• Clima...

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Incubating a Promising
Financial Solution for the Drylands:
Toward Sustainable Index-Based Livestock Insurance (IBLI) for
...

Insurance as a Development Tool
• Decades of evidence exist that risk
• Makes people poor by reducing incomes & destroying...

Insurance as a Development Tool
THE IBLI R&D CHALLENGE
Can index-based insurance make a significant and sustainable
contri...

IBLI Program Summary
• IBLI R&D agenda, supported by a range of donors, has been comprehensive and
contributed to catalyzi...

1. Precise contract design:
2. Evidence of value and Impact:
3. Establish informed effective demand,
4. Low cost, efficien...

IBLI Theory of Change

Precise Contract Design
• Objective (Initially): To insure
against drought- related livestock
mortality. Asset Replacement...

Evidence of Impact and Value
Methods:
• Panel survey for impact assessment
• Monitoring Evaluation and Learning
surveys an...

Establish Informed Effective Demand
• Capacity Development, Training,
Extension and Marketing
 Critical for ensuring impa...

Low-cost, Efficient Delivery
• Need to solve for the cost of service provision in the drylands
• Application of digital te...

Policy and Institutional Structure
• Sustainable, large-scale index insurance
program requires a clear and well articulate...

Moving Toward Sustainable Scale
Africa Classification for IBLI
“Relevance Zones”
(Mills et al., 2017 ILRI Brief)
• Growing...

IBLI Policy and Academic Workshop – July 2015
It Takes a Village

This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
better lives throu...

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Gender Power in the Kenyan Dairy
Sector
Katie Tavenner, PhD
Post-Doctoral Fellow – Gender Research
CCAFS Science Seminar
J...

Why focus on gender power?
 Dairy is a male dominated sector
 Increased commercialization (re: adoption of
intensificati...

Gender Power Issue I: Milk Marketing
 Intensification of dairy production in Kenya is being
achieved through formal milk ...

Gender Power Issue II: Labor
Dynamics
 Daily dairy labor is predominantly carried out by women
– Need for trainings to be...

Gender Power Issue III:
Intersectionality
 Intersectional axes create different gendered capabilities
for farmers to enga...

Gender Power Issue IV: Gender Equity
 Gender equity defined as, “fairness in participation and
benefit from development” ...

Questions/Comments?
Contact Details
Katie Tavenner | Postdoctoral Fellow -
Gender
International Livestock Research
Institu...

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Mazingira Centre:
Improving Estimates of Greenhouse Gas
Fluxes from Livestock in Sub-Saharan Africa
David E. Pelster, John...

Mazingira?
Swahili for “environment”
Multi-disciplinary approach:
 Soils, air, water
 Natural and crop/livestock systems...

AFOLU and GHG emissions
Approx. 70% of
emissions related
to livestock
production
Contribution of AFOLU
GHG emissions by co...

Richards et al. 2016 Scientific Reports
Why we need empirical studies
Prediction error for smallholder cropping
systems
Mo...

Why is this important?
• National inventories for IPCC calculated using (most likely)
incorrect data (TIER 1 approach),
• ...

What have we found so far:
GHG emissions from smallholder farms in east Africa
•Baseline N2O emissions from agricultural s...

However…
• Moving from Tier 1 to Tier 2, without changing the methane
conversion factors increases emission estimates
• Li...

Results: Study 2
GHG emissions from east African cattle excreta
CH4emissionfactors(gCH4-Cyr-1
250kganimal-1)
IPCC
Tier 1
v...

Why is this important?
Livestock and enteric fermentation
• African farmers are amongst the least efficient livestock
prod...

Enteric CH4:
What should we measure? (I)
It’s all mostly about the food:
 Intake and digestibility
70-80% of variability...

Enteric CH4:
What have we done?
• Identified (60-120) representative farms in 3 localities (Nyando,
Nandi, Bomet) and in t...

Enteric CH4:
What we’ve found so far:
• Emissions factors (up to) 40% less than Tier1 (default)
estimates
Females Males Ca...

What does this mean?
• More work is required to
validate (other areas), BUT
• Current estimates may
greatly overestimate E...

Some recent publications
Manure management to improve soil structure and food security and mitigate greenhouse
gas emissio...

This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
better lives throu...

analytical capacity
• C/N analyzer, sampling gear,
nutrition analysis
• Livestock respiration chambers
3 x small, 3 x larg...

Questions?
Mazingira team in December 2016: f.l.t.r. Jesse Owino , Hillary Rotich, George Wanyama Ibrahim Wanyam
Butterbac...

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

DEVELOPING THE KENYA DAIRY
NAMA CCAFS Science Seminar
Charles Odhong' 30/05/2017

OVERVIEW
1. Kenya Dairy NAMA Development Process
2. Dairy NAMA Concept
3. Theory of Change
4. Lessons learnt
5. Missing li...

56
1. Kenya Dairy NAMA Development Process
• Establishment of NAMA development partnerships (SDL, KDB), including
roles an...

57
1. Kenya Dairy NAMA Development Process
(Cont...)
• In-depth studies:
 Review on financing mechanisms within the dairy...

58
3. Fodder supply4. Waste
2b. On-farm productivity
2a. On-farm productivity
1. Energy efficiency
Processors
, coops
TA
c...

59
Impact
Outcom
es
Outputs
1.1 Increased adoption by
men and women dairy
farmers of improved on-farm
practices
1.2 Increa...

60
4. Lessons Learnt
• Strong country ownership is critical from the start, then
stakeholder engagement is important to en...

61
5. Missing links
• There is much more research on effectiveness of mitigation options
than there is on equity dimension...

Schnewlinstr. 10
79098 Freiburg, Germany
Tel: +49 761 208534 – 0
unique@unique-landuse.de
www.unique-landuse.de
© UNIQUE f...

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Science and Partnership for
Impact
Bruce Campbell, Program Director

Where we are
Where we must be
• Development $$$
 not National Science
Foundation $$$
• Not in the real world….
• Private ...

Engagement
Evidence
Outreach
• Join in, listen &
navigate
• Demand driven,
targeted & tailored
• Credibility
• Opportunism...

• Improved index insurance products for > 1 million farmers in India

www.ccafs.cgiar.org
@bcampbell_CGIAR

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Partnerships for
Scaling Climate-Smart
Agriculture
Evan Girvetz
Todd Rosenstock
And team
e.girvetz@cgiar.org
30 May 2017
N...

Africa CSA Alliance

Engagement
CapacityStrengthening
CSA
Investment
Portfolios
Prioritizing Interventions
Practices, Programs and Policies
Val...

CSA-Plan
Vulnerability & Impacts + Readiness
Stocktaking for CSA
Action
Situation Analysis
Target Setting, Climate Risks &...

Kenya County Climate Risk Profiles:
Key Risks and Adaptation Options
Identified Across Value Chains
Developed to support t...

CSA Investment
Portfolios
Prioritizing Interventions
Practices, Programs and Policies
Trade-offs & Value for Money
Vulnera...

• Scope –
region,
commodity
• CSA indicator
selection
• long list of
CSA practices
Results
•Short list of
priority
practic...

CSA Compendium:
Synergies and trade-offs with CSA
ed
nd
? Rel-
gro-
st
n
on
oil
hysical
le-
e
on of
eb of
ndica-
pri-
, to...

CSA Investment
Portfolios
Targeting & Prioritizing
Practices, Programs and Policies
Trade-offs & Value for Money
Vulnerabi...

Program Design & Implementation:
Innovative Finance and Business Models for
Scaling CSA
Climate-
Smart
Agriculture
Interve...

CSA Investment
Portfolios
Targeting & Prioritizing
Practices, Programs and Policies
Trade-offs & Value for Money
Vulnerabi...

Big Data Opportunities in Agriculture
http://bigdata.cgiar.org

82
• High-level engagement in 12
Countries across east, west and
southern Africa
• Deeper sub-national engagement
in Kenya...

Lessons Learned
• Engagement: Just show up! Partnerships and early engagement
with key stakeholders are critical: the proc...

e.girvetz@cgiar.org
Evan Girvetz
Todd Rosenstock
24 April 2017
Galway, Ireland

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

Policy engagement: the role of
multistakeholder platforms

The policy challenge
Limited
capacity &
capacity
building
Insufficient
attention to
gender
Lack evidence
that informs
poli...

Gaps spread across scales
Formulation
National District Community
 Lack of synergy between the
diverse sectors
• Lack of ...

• Policy-
gender
analysis
• Policy actor
networks
• CSA trade-
offs
• Scenario
guided policy
development
Knowledge
creatio...

Influencing
change in
policies
Tanzanian
NEP
ASSP
Uganda
Climate
change
mainstreaming
guidelines,
MAAIF
2 District local
g...

Lessons being learnt
• Motivation for sustainability?
• The need for an interested champion to keep
momentum
• Link to sta...

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

• Documents emerging stories of
success of CSA technologies and
practices in East Africa
• Selected from a portfolio of CS...

CSVs in East Africa
• Six sites in four countries: Ethiopia,
Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania
-Borana (ET)
-Wote and Nyando (KE)...

Climate–Smart Villages components

Themes highlighted

CGIAR Partners

National and local partners

Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation
in East African Agriculture
CCAFS Science Seminar
JVC Auditorium, ILRI Nairob...

CCAFS Seminar on Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation in East African Agriculture

CCAFS Seminar on Science to Deliver Adaptation and Mitigation in East African Agriculture

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