Blockchain architected

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Blockchain Architected
The Technical Concepts behind a Blockchain Solution
Blockchain Architected
Blockchain Explored
Bloc...

Concepts and Components
Considerations for the Developer,
Operator and Architect

3
Blockchain
User
Membership
Services
Blockchain
Developer
Blockchain
Network
Operator
Blockchain
B2B
transactions
access ...

4
The business user, operating in a business network. This role interacts with the Blockchain using an
application. They a...

5
Components in a blockchain solution
Membership
Smart Contract
Systems
Management
Events
Peer
Network
Wallet
Ledger
A led...

Concepts and Components
Considerations for the Developer,
Operator and Architect

7
Ledger
…
The blockchain developer
Blockchain
Developer
D
f(abc);
Smart
Contract
Blockchain developers’ primary interests...

8
A ledger often consists of two data structures
• Blockchain
o A linked list of blocks
o Each block describes a set of tr...

9
Block detail (simplified)
- A blockchain is made up of a series of blocks with new blocks always added to the end
- Each...

10
Working with the ledger example: a change of
ownership transaction
World state
Transaction input - sent from applicatio...

11
Blockchain
developer
Smart
Contract
submitsdevelops
develops
recorded
accesses
event
emits
emits
D
Ledger
‘get’, ‘put’,...

12
How events are used in blockchain
• In computing, an event is an occurrence that can trigger handlers
– e.g. disk full,...

13
Integrating with existing systems – possibilities
Transform
Existing
systems
1. System
events
2. Blockchain
events
3. C...

14
• Blockchain is a network system of record
• Two-way exchange
– Events from blockchain network create actions in
existi...

15
Non-determinism in blockchain
• Blockchain is a distributed processing system
– Smart contracts are run multiple times ...

Concepts and Components
Considerations for the Developer,
Operator and Architect

17
The blockchain operator
Blockchain
Operator
O
Blockchain operators’ primarily interests are in the deployment
and opera...

18
Peers
• Peers are the technical services that a blockchain requires in order to work
– Peers hold and maintain the ledg...

19
Consensus: The process of maintaining a consistent
ledger
before after
LEDGE
R
peer
CONSENSUS
ABC DEF
ABC
ABC ABC
ABC J...

21
Some examples of consensus algorithms
Proof of stake
Proof of
Elapsed Time
PBFT
based
Proof of work
Kafka /
Zookeeper
S...

22
Consensus algorithms have different strengths and
weaknesses
Proof of stake
Proof of
Elapsed Time
Proof of work
Require...

23
Consensus algorithms have different strengths and
weaknesses
PBFT-based
Solo /
No-ops
Kafka /
Zookeeper
Validators appl...

24
Security: Public vs. private blockchains
• Some use-cases require anonymity, others require privacy
– Some may require ...

25
Security: Real-world vs. digital identity
CA
CA
R
U
U
• Consider real-world identity documents…
– The issuers of the id...

26
Security: Encryption and Signing
• Cryptography basics
– Every member of the network has (at least) one public key and ...

27
Blockchain
Blockchain
User A
signs / encrypts
transactions
Blockchain
User B
Certificate Authorities and Blockchain
U U...

Concepts and Components
Considerations for the Developer,
Operator and Architect

29
The blockchain architect
However there are additional considerations for architects to bear in mind from the outset.
Fo...

30
Business considerations
• As a B2B system, blockchain adds a number of aspects that are not typical in other projects:
...

31
Trade-offs between non-functional requirements
Consider the trade-offs
between performance,
security and resiliency!
Pe...

32
Non-Functional Requirements
Multi-tenant Cloud
Low Controls
Single Site Development
SaaS
Constrained
Monolithic
Higher ...

33
Summary of Key Concepts
Blockchain
Developer
D
Blockchain
Operator
O
Peers Consensus

Security
Systems
IntegrationEven...

Thank you
www.ibm.com/blockchain
developer.ibm.com/blockchain
www.hyperledger.org
© Copyright IBM Corporation 2017. All ri...

Blockchain architected

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