Hydrogen sulfide and metal-enriched atmosphere for a Jupiter-mass e...

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Hydrogensulfideandmetal-enriched
atmosphereforaJupiter-massexoplanet
Guangwei Fu, Luis Welbanks, Drake Deming, Julie Ingli...

Hydrogen sulfide and metal-enriched
atmosphere for a Jupiter-mass exoplanet
Guangwei Fu1*
, Luis Welbanks2
, Drake Deming3...

2
4
, chemistry 5, 6
, aerosols 7
to atmospheric dynamics 8
, escape 9
and modeling tech-
niques 10, 11
. Prior studies of...

3
and orbital parameters from the white light are then fixed during the fitting of indi-
vidual spectroscopic channels cre...

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4
present in hot Jupiters at these temperatures 31
suggests that these features are due
to H2O and CO2 absorption in the a...

5
For the free retrieval, we retrieved median values of 20.9 and 14.8 ppm inflation terms
for F322W and F444W respectively...

6
8. Showman, A. P. et al. Atmospheric circulation of hot Jupiters: coupled radiative-
dynamical general circulation model...

7
ArXiv:2312.00141 [astro-ph].
23. Crossfield, I. J. M. Volatile-to-sulfur Ratios Can Recover a Gas Giant’s Accretion
Hist...

8
modelling of WASP-39b and HD 189733b. Astronomy & Astrophysics 672,
A110 (2023). Publisher: EDP Sciences.
39. Oberg, K. ...

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9
Figure Legends
Fig. 1 | The whitelight curve of visit 1 and 2 with F444W (left) and F322W2 (right) respectively. The
F32...

1
Methods
Data analysis
We performed four independent data analysis routines on the F444W and F322W2
LW datasets from spec...

2
feature in each wavelength channel 1, 26
. The mid-transit times, a/R⋆, and inclina-
tion are fixed to the corresponding...

3
wavelength and orbital phase. For consistency between different versions of the data
analysis, we adopted the same wavel...

4
remove 1/f noise to the maximum extent possible by subtracting the median of unil-
luminated columns (4-600 for F444W, 1...

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5
that included both the transit and the systematic noise. For these spectroscopic light
curves, we summed the data into 1...

6
used to quantify the model preference or detection for different chemical species in
the field 64, 65, 66
.
The atmosphe...

8
irradiation temperature equal to the planet’s equilibrium temperature. The resulting
1σ constraints are [M/H]=0.51+0.06
...

9
Compare Grid to free retrieval results
Both grid and free retrievals detected H2O, CO2, H2S, and CO, but the free retrie...

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10
To improve the photometric precision of the individual nightly observations, we
combined the differential b and y magni...

11
observation. A least-squares sine fit on that period gives a peak-to-peak amplitude
of 0.00699 ± 0.00045 mag, which can...

12
47. Magic, Z., Chiavassa, A., Collet, R. & Asplund, M. The Stagger-grid: A grid of
3D stellar atmosphere models: IV. Li...

13
URL http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.04824. ArXiv:1808.04824 [astro-ph].
63. Welbanks, L., McGill, P., Line, M. & Madhusudhan,...

14
77. Mansfield, M. et al. A unique hot Jupiter spectral sequence with evidence for
compositional diversity. Nature Astro...

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15
1500K, with line shape parameters. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and
Radiative Transfer 147, 134–144 (2014).
91....

16
105. Sing, D. K. Observational Techniques With Transiting Exoplanetary Atmo-
spheres (2018). URL http://arxiv.org/abs/1...

17
Extended data figure Legends
Extended Data Fig. 1 | F322W2 data analysis products. Extracted light curves (left), best-...

18
Extended Data Fig. 9 | The CO2/H2O ratio versus metallicity. Transmission spectroscopy is directly
shaped by the relati...

0.975
0.980
0.985
0.990
0.995
1.000
Normalized
Flux
F444W whitelight
Binned
WL model
F322W2 whitelight
Binned
WL model
0 1...

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2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
0.0238
0.0239
0.0240
0.0241
0.0242
0.0243
0.0244
0.0245
0.0246
Transit
depth
(Rp/Rs)
2
1D-RCPE gri...

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Z C/H O/H S/H
0.1
1.0
10.0
Relative
to
stellar
values
C/O O/S C/S
Enhancement
Depletion
HD 189733 b (Grid retrieval)
HD 18...

Extended Data Fig. 1
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Extended Data Fig. 2
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Extended Data Fig. 3
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Extended Data Fig. 4
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Extended Data Fig. 5
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Extended Data Fig. 6
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Extended Data Fig. 7
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Extended Data Fig. 8
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Extended Data Fig. 9
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Extended Data Fig. 10
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