Greek theatre

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Greek Theater

The origins of drama
 The earliest origins of drama are ancient hymns, called
dithyrambs. These were sung in honor of t...

Word Origin
 The modern word
“drama” comes form
the Greek word dran
meaning "to do"

Definition
 Dithyrambs: a poem,
chant, or hymn of
ancient Greece sung by
revelers at the festival in
honor of the...

Greek Theater
 Greek tragedies and comedies were always performed
in outdoor theaters.
 Early Greek theaters were prob...

Parts of the Theater
 Orchestra: (literally, "dancing space") A circular
and level space where the chorus would dance,...

Parts cont.
 Skene: (literally, "tent") The skene was directly in
back of the stage, and was usually decorated as a
p...

Theatre
of
Dionysus

 The first plays were performed in the Theatre of
Dionysus, built in the shadow of the Acropo...

Word Origin
 The modern word
“theater” comes from
the Greek word
theatron meaning
"seeing place"

Why Dionysus?
 In Greek Mythology
Dionysus was the son of
Zeus. He is the only god
born of one god and one
mortal...

Dionysis cont.
 He was raised by satyrs, killed, dismembered, and
resurrected (was actually reborn).
 Other gods had t...

The “City Dionysia”
 In the sixth century BC, the Athenian ruler,
Pisistratus, established the 'City Dionysia', a
fes...

Word origin
Does the name Thespis remind you of anything? Can
you guess which modern word goes back to this early
actor...

Four Qualities of Greek
Drama:
1. Performed for special occasions (festivals).
Athens had four festivals w...

Essential pieces of Greek drama
 The play
 The actors
 The chorus

The Play: Types of Greek Drama
 Comedy
 Tragedy
 Satyr Plays

Comedy and tragedy were the most popular types of
plays...

Comedy
 not admitted to Dionysus festival till 487-486 B.C. –
late
 The first comedies were mainly satirical and mocke...

Structure of the Comedy:
 Prologue — leading character conceives a
"happy idea"
 Parados: entrance of the chorus
 Ago...

Comedy cont.
 Parabasis: chorus
addresses audience on
poet’s views on topic
 Episodes: "Happy idea"
is put to prac...

The Greek tragedy
 Late point of attack
 Violence and death offstage
 Frequent use of messengers to relate information
...

Tragedy cont.
 Tragedy dealt with love, loss, pride, the abuse of
power and the fraught relationships between men and
...

Word Origin
 The word tragedy came
to be derived from the
Greek tragos (goat)
and ode (poem).
Tragedy literally m...

The Structure of Greek Tragedy
 Prologue, which described the situation and set the scene
 Parados, an ode sung by the c...

Tragic flaw
 a flaw or mistake that brings about the downfall of
the hero of a tragedy
 The Greek term "harmartia," ty...

Satyr Plays
 These were short plays
performed between the acts of
tragedies. They made fun of
the plight of the tra...

Word Origin

 Does the term Satyr
remind you of any
modern day term?

The Satyr and the Satyr
plays spawned the
mo...

The Actors
 All of the actors and
playwrights were men.
Women were not allowed to
participate.
 The actors played ...

The Chorus
Functions of the chorus
 an agent: gives advice, asks, takes part
 establishes ethical framework, sets up sta...

Sophocles
 Sophocles: (496-406 B.C.) The
son of a wealthy merchant, he
would enjoy all the comforts of...

Sophocles cont.
 won 24 contests, never lower than 2nd
 Added a third actor and scenery
 Concerned with the relationshi...

Characteristics of Sophocles' plays:

 complex characters, psychologically well-motivated
 emphasis on individual charac...

We will be looking at:
Oedipus:
 The story of Oedipus was well known legend to Sophocles’
audience.
 Aristotle used th...

The Final Curtain
 By the time of Sophocles' death in 406 BC (128 years
after Thespis' victory in the first Athenian dr...

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