Antimicrobial use in developing countries

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Antimicrobial use in developing
countries
WVA/WMA GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON ONE HEALTH
21st Thursday – 22nd Friday May 2015
Mad...

Demand for
antibiotic use

Gains in meat consumption in developing
countries are outpacing those of developed
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1980 1990 2002...

Most livestock are in developing countries
4
Livestock numbers
(37 billion)
Developing
Developed
% world aquaculture
China...

• Animal disease is a key constraint:
Remove it and animal productivity increases greatly
• As livestock systems intensify...

Livestock in developing countries suffer a high burden
of preventable disease
Estimates from
BMGF
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Billio...

Livestock drug
use
7

8
What drugs are used?
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Cephalosporin
Aminoglycoside
Macrolide
Sulfa
Penicillin
Tetracycl...

9
Who uses drugs?

How are drugs used, west Africa?

11
How are drugs used, Vietnam?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Household
Industrial
Household
Industrial
Household
Industrial
G...

How are drugs used, India?
 2001, India became the world’s leading milk producer.
 Indian cows and buffaloes produced 13...

13
Veterinary antibiotic usage among dairy farmers in the
largest milk producing state of Punjab, India
• All farmers give...

How much
antibiotic is used in
developing
countries?

Livestock distribution and production
Livestock distribution
modelling
Livestock maps by
production system
Livestock produ...

Global antimicrobial use in food animals
(mg per 10km pixel)
Source: Van Boeckel et al. 2015
• Total consumption in the li...

Global antimicrobial use in food animals
(mg per 10km pixel)
Source: Grace,. 2015
• Total consumption in the livestock sec...

Antibiotic residues and
Antimicrobial resistance

Antimicrobial resistance
Population Disease type /
pathogen
Antimicrobial
Resistance
Older % Newer %
Free-ranging pigs, Ke...

20
Rational drug use for informal sector

21
Results
Improvements in knowledge
Change in practice
– Less under-dosage
– Higher use prophylactics
– No increase in ...

More research 4 development responses
• ‘One Health’ approaches and
‘Rational Drug Use’
for both people and animals
• Deli...

Policy responses
Vietnam
 One health task force
 Situational analysis
 Policy workshops
 Member of regional initiative...

Acknowledgements
This work was partially supported by IDRC,
Canada through the PROMOTING HEALTH,
LIVELIHOOD, AND SUSTAINA...

The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is
given ...

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