Riviera JUG (20th April, 2010) - Maven

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Apache Maven – RivieraJUG – April 20th, 2010

Arnaud Héritier
...

Arnaud Héritier
●  Software Factory Manager
eXo platform
-  In charge of tools and
methods

...

Apache Maven
CHOOSE YOUR MENU

Licensed under a Creative Commons license

Overview
●  Definition ●  Maven or not Maven, that
●  History ...

Back to the future
●  Maven 2.x
●  Maven 3.x
●  Community

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Ecosystem
●  Repository Managers ●  Continuous Integration
●  Quality Management ...

Good & Bad Practices
●  K.I.S.S.
●  Project Organization
●  POM
●  Development

Licensed under a Creativ...

Usecases
●  Secure your credentials
●  Build a part of your project using reactor options
●  Automate your release p...

Apache Maven
OVERVIEW

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Definition
●  Apache Maven is a software project management
and comprehension tool.
●  Based on the concept of a ...

History
●  Initiated in 2001 by Jason Van Zyl in Alexandria, an
Apache Jakarta project,
●  Moved to Turbine few m...

Apache Maven
CONCEPTS

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Conventions
●  1 project = 1 artifact (pom, jar, war, ear, …)

●  Standardized
-  project descriptor (POM)
-...

POM
●  An XML file (pom.xml) <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>!
...

Reactor
●  Split your project in <project>!

sub-modules ...

Inheritance
●  Share settings between
...

Inheritance
Use a technical inheritance to organize sub-modules

...

Artifact Repository
●  By default :
-  A central repository
●  http://repo1.maven.org/
...

Artifact Repository
●  By default Maven
...

Dependencies
Without Maven With Maven

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Dependencies
●  Declaratives
-  groupId + artifactId + version (+ classifier)
-  Type (packaging) : jar, war, ...

Dependencies
●  Scope
-  Compile (by default) : Required to build and run the
application
-  Runtime :...

Dependencies
●  Define all dependencies you are using
-  and no more !
●  If you have optional dependencies
...

Versions
●  Project and dependency versions
●  Two different version variants
  SNAPSHOT version
●...

Versions

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Versions
●  About SNAPSHOT dependencies
-  Maven allows the configuration of an update policy.
The upda...

Versions

●  Range
-  From … to …
-  Maven automatically searches for the corresponding
version (using...

Versions
●  Use the versions plugin to update all versions of your
project and its modules
mvn versions:set –DnewVe...

Profiles
●  Allow to modify the default behavior of Maven by
overriding/adding some settings
●  Use mvn help:acti...

Profiles
●  Activation based on environment variables

<profiles>!
<...

Profiles
●  OS / Java settings
<profiles>!
...

Build Lifecycle And Plugins

●  Plugin based architecture
...

Build Lifecycle And Plugins
Default Lifecycle Clean Lifecycle Site Lifecycle
validate ...

Build Lifecycle And Plugins
●  Many plugins
-  Packaging
-  Reporting
-  IDE integration
-  Miscella...

Apache Maven
MAVEN OR NOT MAVEN,
THAT IS THE QUESTION !

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Maven, the project’s choice
●  Application’s architecture
-  The project has the freedom to divide the application ...

Maven, the project’s choice
●  Centralizes and automates -  Builds
all development facets ...

Maven, the corporate’s choice
●  Widely adopted and known
-  Many developers
●  Developments are standardized
●...

Competitors
●  Ant + Ivy, Easy Ant, Gant, Gradle, Buildr…
●  Script oriented
-  You can do what you want !
●  ...

With scripts oriented builds
You can have But often you have
(if you have good skills...

With Maven
We dream to deliver But today we have too often
(Maven 3.x) ...

Apache Maven
BACK TO THE FUTURE

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Apache Maven
PRODUCT

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Apache Maven 2.0.x
●  bugs fix
●  Last release : 2.0.11
●  No other release of 2.0.x in the future

Licens...

Apache Maven 2.x
●  Evolutions, new features
●  Several important new features in 2.1 like
-  Parallel downloads
...

Apache Maven 3.x
●  Do not be afraid !!!!!
●  Full compatibility with maven 2.x projects
-  Or at least at 99,...

Apache Maven 3.x - robustness
●  Error & integrity reporting
-  Much improved error reporting where we will provide...

Apache Maven 3.x - performances
●  Many optimizations
●  New support of parallel builds of modules
●  New incrementa...

Apache Maven 3.x – new features
●  Any-source POM
-  If you don’t like XML, choose another DSL
●  Versionless p...

Apache Maven 3.x
●  What it will change for maven developers ?
-  Lifecycle extension points
-  Plugin extensi...

Apache Maven 3.x – New tools
●  mvnsh
...

In Apache Maven 3.0 ?
●  A backward compatibility near to 100% for projects
and plugins
●  A totally new implemen...

Apache Maven
COMMUNITY

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Users Mailing List
●  users@maven.apache.org
-  Traffic statistics cover a total
of 1697 days.
-  ...

Apache Maven Web Site

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Dowloads

●  Per month downloads
●  http://people.apache.org/~vgritsenko/stats/projects/
maven.html

...

The team
●  60 committers,
●  More than 30 active in 2009,
●  Several organizations like Sonatype, deliver
reso...

Commit Statistics

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Apache Maven
ECOSYSTEM

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Maven’s ecosytem
●  Maven alone is nothing
●  You can integrate it with many tools
-  A large set of plug-ins is ...

Apache Maven
REPOSITORY MANAGERS

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Repository Managers
●  Several products ●  Basic services
-  Sonatype Nexus (re...

Secure your builds
●  Deploy a repository manager to proxy externals
repositories to :
-  Avoid external netwo...

Nexus at eXo for productivity

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Nexus at eXo for collaboration
●  Deploy 3rd Party Artifacts
●  Collaborate with Internal
Repositories
●  Distr...

Nexus at eXo for quality
●  Ease the Burden on Central and others remote
repositories
●  Gain Predictability and ...

Apache Maven
QUALITY MANAGEMENT

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Tests Automation
●  Use automated tests as often as you can
●  Many tools are available through Maven
-  JUnit, T...

Quality Metrics
●  Extract quality metrics from your project and
monitor them :
-  Code style (CheckStyle)
...

Dependency Report

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Sonar, a quality dashboard

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Sonar, analyze your project

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Sonar, Continuous Improvement ?

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Apache Maven
CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION

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Continuous Integration
●  Setup a continuous integration server to :
-  Have a neutral and unmodified environment t...

Hudson, how the weather is ?

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Hudson : build, test, check

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Apache Maven
IDE

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Eclipse
●  Integration from maven (eclipse:eclipse)
-  Allow many customizations
-  Support many versions/vari...

Eclipse
●  Integration from eclipse (m2eclipse)
-  Synchronous
-  Nice UI and services to edit POMs
-  Su...

Eclipse (m2eclipse)

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Eclipse (m2eclipse)

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Eclipse (m2eclipse)

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Idea IntelliJ

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Netbeans

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Apache Maven
GOOD & BAD PRACTICES

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Apache Maven
KISS

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K.I.S.S.
●  Keep It Simple, Stupid
●  Start from scratch
-  Do not copy/paste what you find without understandi...

Apache Maven
PROJECT ORGANIZATION
GOOD & BAD PRACTICES

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Project bad practices
●  Ignore Maven conventions
-  Except if your are migrating from something else and
t...

Project bad practices
●  Have too many modules
-  Is there a good reason ?
●  Technical constraint ...

Project good practices

●  Use the default
inheritance :
-  The reactor project is also
the paren...

Apache Maven
POM GOOD & BAD PRACTICES

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POM bad practices

●  Dependencies :
-  DON’T confuse dependencies and
dependencyManagement
●  Plugi...

POM bad practices
●  Profiles :
-  DON’T create environment dependant builds
-  DON’T rely on dependencies com...

POM good practices
●  Set versions of dependencies in project parent’s
dependencyManagement
●  Set dependencies (...

Apache Maven
DEVELOPMENT
GOOD & BAD PRACTICES

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Development bad practices
●  DON’T spend your time in the terminal,
●  DON’T exchange libraries through emails,
●  D...

Development good practices
●  Keep up-to-date your version of Maven
-  For example in 2.1 the time of dependencie...

Apache Maven
USECASES

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Apache Maven
SECURE YOUR CREDENTIALS

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Secure your credentials
●  Generate a private key
-   
arnaud@leopard:~$ mvn --encrypt-master-password to...

Secure your credentials
●  You can move this key to another drive ~/.m2/settings.xml
-  <settingsSecurity> 
<re...

Apache Maven
BUILD A PART OF YOUR PROJECT

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Using Reactor Options
●  Options added in maven 2.1
●  Available in 2.0.x with the maven-reactor-plugin
-  But ...

Using Reactor Options
-  arnaud@mbp-arnaud:~$ mvn install 
...

Using Reactor Options
-  arnaud@mbp-arnaud:~$ mvn install –pl
...

Using Reactor Options
-  arnaud@mbp-arnaud:~$ mvn install –pl moduleD -am 
...

Using Reactor Options
-  arnaud@mbp-arnaud:~$ mvn install –pl moduleD -amd 
...

Using Reactor Options
-  arnaud@mbp-arnaud:~$ mvn install –rf moduleD 
...

Apache Maven
RELEASE YOUR PROJECT

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Release of a webapp in 2002
●  Limited usage of eclipse
-  No WTP (Only some features in WSAD),
-  No ability ...

Release of a webapp in 2002
●  Many manual tasks
-  Modify settings files
-  Package JARs
-  Copy librari...

Release of a webapp in 2002
●  One problem : The are ●  How long did it take ?
always ...

Maven Release Plugin
●  Automates the release process from tagging
sources to binaries delivery
●  Release plugin...

Maven Release Plugin

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Configuration and Prerequisites
●  Project version (must be a SNAPSHOT version)
●  Dependencies and plugins versions m...

SCM configuration
●  SCM binaries have to be in the PATH
●  SCM credentials have to already be stored or you have to
...

Distribution Management
●  Where you want to upload released binaries
●  The url of a repository dedicated for your...

Repository credentials
●  One server entry is required per different repository id in
distribution management of pr...

Apache Maven
SETUP A GLOBAL MIRROR

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Why should we setup a global mirror ?
●  To simplify users and projects settings
●  To control where binaries are comi...

How should we setup a global mirror ?
<setting> 
<mirrors> 
<mirror> 
<id>global-mirror</id> 
<mirr...

Apache Maven
CONCLUSION

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Conclusion
●  Today, Maven is widely adopted in corporate
environments,
●  It provides many services,
●  It has...

Apache Maven
QUESTIONS ?

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Licence et copyrights
●  Photos and logos belong to their respective
authors/owners
●  Content under Creative Com...

Apache Maven
TO GO FURTHER …

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Apache Maven
DOCUMENTATIONS

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Some links
●  The main web site :
-  http://maven.apache.org
●  Project’s team wiki :
-  http://docs.cod...

Books
●  Nicolas De loof
Arnaud Héritier
-  Published by Pearson
-  Collection Référence
-  Ba...

Books
●  Sonatype / O’Reilly :
-  The Definitive Guide
-  http://www.sonatype.com/
books
- ...

Books
●  Exist Global
-  Better builds with Maven
-  http://www.maestrodev.com/
better-build-mav...

Apache Maven
SUPPORT

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Support
●  Mailing lists
-  http://maven.apache.org/mail-lists.html
●  IRC
-  irc.codehaus.org - #maven
...

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