Presentation: Unit 1 Introduction to the hydrological cycle

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This work is supported by the National Science Foundation’s
Directorate for Education and Human Resources TUES-1245025, IU...

OUTLINE
• Hydrologic cycle – reservoirs, fluxes, and resident
time
• Traditional hydrologic measurements
– Gauging station...

ANNUAL HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE

ANNUAL HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE Reservoirs

ANNUAL FLUXES FOR OCEAN RESERVOIR
IN = OUT
391 + 46 = 437

ANNUAL FLUXES FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESERVOIRS
IN = OUT
436.5 + 65.5 = 391 + 111
502 = 502

RESIDENCE TIME FOR WATER IN THE OCEANS
Amount of water in the ocean (km3)
Flux of water through ocean (km3/yr)
tr =
tr =
t...

HUMANS ARE PART OF THE WATER CYCLE
What reservoirs and
transport paths are most
affected by human activity?

TRADITIONAL HYDROLOGIC MEASUREMENTS

WILLOW CREEK WATERSHED
Oblique view to NW with Willow Creek Reservoir
USGS
AL

USGS Willow
Creek
Gaging Station
06035000
(near Harrison
MT)

USGS WILLOW CREEK: AVERAGE ANNUAL DISCHARGE
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Dischar...

USGS WILLOW CREEK: ANNUAL PEAK DISCHARGE
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 201...

DECREASE IN DECADAL PEAK STREAMFLOW
y = -4.3877x + 263.29
y = -8.3813x + 158.66
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1940s 1950s 1...

LAKESIDE METEOROLOGICAL
STATION

SOUTH WILLOW NESTED GROUNDWATER WELLS
(ALLUVIAL)

4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
1-Jan 31-Jan 1-Mar 31-Mar 30-Apr 30-May 29-Jun 3-Aug 2-Sep
Elevation
(feet)
T...

SNOTEL STATIONS

ALBRO LAKE SNOTEL SITE
State: Montana
Site Number: 916
County: Madison
Latitude: 45 deg; 36 min N
Longitude: 111 deg; 58 m...

ALBRO LAKE SNOTEL OBSERVATIONS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Snow
water
equivalent
(in)
Year
Albro L...

SNOWPACK TRENDS IN THE TOBACCO ROOT MOUNTAINS, MT
-50%
-45%
-40%
-35%
-30%
-25%
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
jan feb mar apr may ...

SELECTIVE COMMENTS ABOUT SNOWPACK CONDITIONS IN MT
• Climate change impacts on water resources, ecosystem services
and agr...

SELECTIVE COMMENTS ABOUT SNOWPACK CONDITIONS IN MT
• Irrigation efficiency and optimizing water
resources
– Irrigation acc...

MONTANA WATER AVAILABILITY (b) SWSI
(c) NINO 3.4 SST
Source: SWSI is from USDA NRCS and Montana DEQ;
SST anomaly is from N...

RECENT CONDITIONS
NRCS SNOTEL REPORT 01FEB: JEFFERSON BASIN = 77% OF NORMAL, MADISON BASIN = 74% OF NORMAL
NRCS SNOTEL REP...

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
http://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercyclesummary.html

INTRODUCTION TO STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS

WHO CARES ABOUT WATER RESOURCES?

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS
• Project stakeholder refers to “an individual, group, or organization, who may affect, be
affected b...

BRAINSTORM STAKEHOLDERS IN WATER RESOURCES
• Class ideas here

Direct
-Residents
-Users
-Government regulators
-Landowners
-Key industry representatives
Proximal
Indirect or
Self-design...

Direct
-add class ideas here
Proximal
Indirect or
Self-designated
-add class ideas here
-add class ideas here
STAKEHOLDERS

Interest
Power/Influence
Outsourced center staff
Example Corporate Stakeholder Cross Plot of Interest vs. Power/Influence
...

Stakeholder Cross Plot of Interest vs. Power/Influence
• Ideas here • Ideas here
• Ideas here • Ideas here
Interest
Power/...

Stakeholders Involvement in
Issue
Impact of Issue
on Stakeholder
(high-med-low)
Interest in Issue
(high-med-low)
Influence...

EXAMPLE STAKEHOLDER MATRIX
Stakeholder
Name
Contact Person
Phone, Email,
Website, Address
Impact
How much does
the project...

INTRO TO GEODESY AND GEODETIC HYDROLOGY
MEASUREMENTS

GEODESY IS…
41
…the science of accurately measuring the
Earth’s size, shape, orientation, mass
distribution and the variat...

• GPS (Global Positioning
System)
– Originally to measure
plate motion
– Discovered hydrology
applications in vertical
mov...

• Satellite gravity measurements (GRACE – Gravity
Recovery and Climate Experiment)
– Changes in gravity
can show groundwat...

FOLLOW UP SLIDES
• The following slide may be interesting for a
follow up discussion

SNOW AND RIVER DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
10/1/11 3/1/12 7/31/1212/30/...

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