The Value of Reactive

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The Value Of Reactive
Stephane Maldini - Reactive Engineering @ Pivotal
@smaldini

The Value Of Reactive
What is it ? Where is the value ?

3
No, I do not have a medium blog
=+
@smaldini

Reactive
Programming
● The next frontier for high-efficiency applications
● Non-blocking and allows for concurrent executi...

5
You

A reactive API primer
6
@GetMapping("/health")
public Mono<Health> compositeHealth() {
return Mono.zip(
webClient.get()
.u...

Is declarative style too disruptive
to scale across dev teams ?
7

Debugging Reactive flows
8
java.lang.RuntimeException: Am I looking like a nice stacktrace friends ?
at io.spring.workshop...

Debugging Reactive flows
9
java.lang.RuntimeException: Am I looking like a nice stacktrace friends ?
at io.spring.workshop...

Using blocking code in reactive callbacks
10
TradingCompany tradingCompany = this.restTemplate.exchange(
get("http://local...

Using blocking code in reactive callbacks
11
someMono.doOnSuccess(data -> {
TradingCompany tradingCompany = this.restTempl...

What are you priorities ?
12

What are you priorities ?
13
Time To Market / Dev Productivity

What are you priorities ?
14
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability

What are you priorities ?
15
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
[…]

What are you priorities ?
16
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
Running costs / efficiency...

What are you priorities ?
17
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
Reactive ?Running costs / ...

Give me
18
Reasons
To use this stuff

19
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
🤑

• Lower Number of processes/threads used by instance
• Lower Memory Pressure and associated costs (Garbage collectors)
• L...

Show me some numbers
21
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient

22
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
Spring WebFlux.Fn - Reactor Netty - 4 threads
&
Spring MVC - Tomcat - 200 thread...

23
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient

24
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient MVCWebFlux

25
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
😎
🤒

26
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
Moar Old Gen
Moar Young Gen

27
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient

28
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
x2

29
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
😎 ⏰

30
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
📱Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient

• Lower Number of instances running a same application
• Lower Impact from traffic latency diversity
• Lower Impact from p...

32
Spring WebFlux.Fn - Reactor Netty - 4 threads
&
Spring MVC - Tomcat - 200 threads
With a 100ms delayed hello world Stri...

Designed for  
connection volume scalability
33
MVC (async)WebFlux

Designed for  
connection volume scalability
34🤢

35
Designed for  
connection volume scalability

36
x4
Designed for  
connection volume scalability

37
⏰⏰
Designed for  
connection volume scalability

How does the response delay impact each model ?
38
Designed for  
connection volume scalability

39
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
WebFlux WebFlux (with response delay)

WebFlux WebFlux (with response delay)
40
Designed for  
connection volume scalability

WebFlux WebFlux (with response delay)
41
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
No major impact from backend delays

42
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
WebMVC (with response delay)WebMVC

43
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
WebMVC (with response delay)WebMVC
Rapidly degrading running conditions

44
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
WebMVC WebMVC (with response delay)

45
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
WebMVC WebMVC (with response delay)
x4 slower due to backend delays

46
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
📱Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient

47
Sleep Well, 
get less paged
📟
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient Designed for  
connection volume scalability

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
• Greater resilience to runtime errors, including memory issues
• Greater availability at any ...

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
49
Figure 1.a:  
A blocking JVM HTTP server with no flow control

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
Reactive IO allows reading when application capacity permits
50

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
Reactive IO only writes back application data when client capacity permits
51

52
WebFlux WebFlux (with response delay)
Sleep Well, 
get less paged

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
54
Can reactive programming help with JVM OutOfMemory
exceptions caused by incoming request tr...

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
• Yes, using a reactive IO runtime, request body overflow is isolated
• A Connection Read caus...

Sleep Well, 
get less paged
• Yes, using a reactive IO runtime, request body overflow is isolated
• A Connection Read caus...

57
Sleep Well, 
get less paged
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
Designed for  
connection volume scalability

58
Sleep Well, 
get less paged
Order(s) of Magnitude  
more efficient
Designed for  
connection volume scalability
Event-D...

59
What do you do with these
qualities ?
🤓

60
Write Any Microservice
Resilient
Smaller resources footprint
Remote calls parallelization
Hedge Clients

61
Write Any Microservice
Resilient
Smaller resources footprint
Remote calls parallelization
Hedge Clients

62
Remote calls parallelization
With Spring, you can start writing your app with WebMVC,
introduce WebClient to improve ba...

63
Write an Edge API
Available
Traffic Control
Volume of Connections

64
Write an Edge API
Available
Traffic Control
Volume of Connections

65
Traffic Control
A reactive runtime will isolate ingress/egress traffic latency
and exceptions.
Given this isolation pro...

66
Mobile Backend
Scale with different traffic latency
Connected experience (notifications…)
Volume of clients

67
Mobile IoT Backend
Scale with different traffic latency
Connected experience (notifications…)
Volume of clients

Ok sounds cool, but what about the
developer experience ?
68
😷

69
Error has been observed at the following site(s):
|_ checkpoint ⇢ Handler io.spring.workshop.tradingservice.QuotesContr...

70
Error has been observed at the following site(s):
|_ Mono.doOnNext ⇢ at io.spring.workshop.tradingservice.TradingCompan...

71
Error has been observed at the following site(s):
|_ Mono.doOnNext ⇢ at io.spring.workshop.tradingservice.TradingCompan...

72
Soon coming as a jvm agent
Mobile Backend
Scale even with different traffic latency
Connected experience (notifications...

73
Soon coming as a jvm agent
Mobile Backend
Scale even with different traffic latency
Connected experience (notifications...

74
BlockHound !
Mobile Backend
Scale even with different traffic latency
Connected experience (notifications…)
Volume of c...

Detecting blocking code in reactive stack
75
BlockHound.install();
someMono.doOnSuccess(data -> {
TradingCompany tradingCo...

Detecting blocking code in reactive stack
76
BlockHound.install();
someMono.doOnSuccess(data -> {
TradingCompany tradingCo...

More reactive microservices ?
77
🤗

~80% of apps generated by start.spring.io are using a SQL driver
78

~80% of apps generated by start.spring.io are using a SQL driver
79
r2dbc.io

What should I look after I successfully have written my first Reactive apps ?
80

Monitoring with Micrometer
81
micrometer.io

82
Networking with RSocket
rsocket.io

83
Having fun developing with Kotlin
kotlinlang.org

So In Conclusion
84

What are you priorities ?
85
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
Running costs / efficiency...

What are you priorities ?
86
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
Running costs / efficiency...

What are you priorities ?
87
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
Running costs / efficiency...

What are you priorities ?
88
Time To Market / Dev Productivity
Day 2 Operations / Observability
Running costs / efficiency...

89
Establish the right project to experiment
Reactive Programming with

90
Do it progressively, migrate a few dedicated
backend routes then an entire application
You can already parallelize some...

92
Use all the developers tools you can to
accelerate your reactive adoption and
build trust

93
Once the cost of learning has been paid
and the benefits realized- it’s usually
difficult to come back to blocking solu...

94
In fact it’s difficult in today’s world of
distributed systems to not find a reason
for giving a go to any Reactive sta...

95
In fact it’s difficult in today’s world of
distributed systems to not find a reason
for giving a go to any Reactive sta...

THANK YOU
@smaldini
smaldini

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