Gamification: You're Doing it Wrong

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GAMIFICATION
YOU’RE DOING IT WRONG!

PRESENTED BY
MICHAEL WILSON
............
@STOPWILSON | WWW.STOPWILSON.COM

OVERVIEW
Beyond badges and progress bars, award winning
game developer Michael Wilson lectures on the
basics of game desig...

WHO THE ______ ARE YOU?
I am a seasoned technologist and entrepreneur
with experience in every aspect of the digital
enter...

GAMES?

WHAT IS
GAMIFICATION?
............

GAMIFICATION
THE USE OF GAME DESIGN
ELEMENTS IN NON-GAME
CONTEXTS.

FITNESS

EDUCATION

LIFE

MAGIC FORMULA?

SOMETHING POPULAR
BLISSFUL
NO ONE + GAME = PR...

GAME MECHANICS
• Achievements • Infinite Gameplay
• Behavioral Momentum • Levels
• Bonuses ...

GAMES ARE
ADDICTIVE
Photo used under Creative Commons from Jeff Kubina

SO WHAT IS THE PROBLEM WITH
GAMIFICATION?
............

IT’S A SET OF FEATURES
Progress Bars
Achievements
Badges
Scoreboards
GAMIFICATION
Socializa...

THAT DON’T EQUATE TO FUN
Progress Bars
Achievements
Badges
Scoreboards
= FUN
Socialization
...

SO HOW DO WE
MANUFACTURE
FUN?

DESIGN IT
TO BE FUN!

WARNING!
UTILITY > FUN

FUN IS
BY DESIGN
............

WHAT IS A GAME?

Lacks Has Explicit
Conflict
Interacti...

TOY

Photo used under Creative Commons from stevendepolo

A TOY IS
DESIGNED FOR
PLAY

PLAY = INTERACTION

INHERENT “RULES” OF A TOY
• Interaction
• Physical/Environmental Rules
• Expectations
• Feedback (Light, Sound, et...

BEND THE
RULES OF A
TOY?

VISUAL FEEDBACK

SURPRISE,
DELIGHT,
RANDOMNESS,
POSSIBILITES
(BUT NO GOAL)

PUZZLE

Photo used under Creative Commons from fdecomite

A PUZZLE IS
FUN AND HAS A
RIGHT ANSWER
-- SCOTT KIM, PUZZLE MASTER (THE NEXT TETRIS)

IMPLICIT RULES OF A PUZZLE
• Puzzles are a form of play.
• Puzzles have a goal or objective.
• Puzzles are “tricky.”...

EXPLICIT RULES OF A PUZZLE

A PUZZLE
HAS RULES

GAME OR PUZZLE?

A PUZZLE IS
FUN AND HAS
(A LEAST ONE)
T

RIGHT ANSWER

FOLD.IT

SURPRISE,
DELIGHT,
RANDOMNESS,
POSSIBILITES
(NOW WITH A PURPOSE)

GAME
Photo used under Creative Commons from Muffet

A GAME IS A PLAY
ACTIVITY WITH
RULES THAT
INVOLVES
CONFLICT
-- INTERNATIONAL GAME DEVELOPERS ASSOCIATION

RULES OF A GAME
• Games are an activity.
• Games have rules.
• Games have conflict.
• Games have goals.
• Games ...

RULES OF A GAME, MAYBE?
• Games have Players?
• Games have Winners and Losers?
• Games are purposely inefficient?
• ...

A GAMES ARE
STORY
MACHINES.

STORY

Photo used under Creative Commons from DeusXFlorida

STORY

Photo used under Creative Commons from StuSeeger

THE PIECES OF
OUR STORY
MACHINE ARE
CALLED
MECHANICS

GAME MECHANICS ARE
CONSTRUCTS OF RULES
INTENDED TO PRODUCE
AN ENJOYABLE GAME
OR GAMEPLAY

GAME MECHANICS
• Achievements • Infinite Gameplay
• Behavioral Momentum • Levels
• Bonuses ...

DIALING IN THE
FUN!
............

DESIGNING FUN
IS ABOUT
DESIGNING
BALANCE

BALANCE

Photo used under Creative Commons from cho45

WHAT TO BALANCE?

Risk vs. Reward
Luck vs. Skill
Random vs. Predictive
Completion vs. Endlessness
…This vs...

THESE ARE THE
BIG THREE,
BUT THERE ARE
MANY OTHERS

RISK
VS.

REWARD

RISK

RISK VS. REWARD
• Think of RISK and REWARD as a
mechanic to drive MEANING.

RISK = EFFORT

EFFORT + REWARD =
M...

CHALLENGE & DIFFICULTY
According to human nature, it is
inevitable that a person will learn and
gain more skill presented ...

MORE CHALLENGE =
MORE EFFORT =
MORE RISK

SO, GAMIFING A
TASK WITH OUT
RISK* WILL
INHERENTLY
MAKE IT UN-FUN

*FIND A VERSION OF RISK
• Risk of Loss
– Tangential loss
– Compounding loss
– Ultimatum loss

• Risk of Effort

• O...

REWARDS ARE
EASY.

TOO EASY?

THINK ABOUT YOUR REWARDS
• Too Plentiful? (Points)
• Not Valuable? (Coupons, Badges)
• Not Legal? (Cash)

• Meaningless?

...

REWARDS NEED
MEANING
FOR THE
AUDIENCE

MEANING. LIKE IT OR NOT.

LUCK
VS.

SKILL

LUCK SKILL

Photos used under Creative Commons from dupo-x-y & Muffet

ALL GAMES
HAVE SOME
LUCK

ALL GAMES
HAVE SOME
SKILL

SOURCES OF LUCK
• Random Number Generators (Dice, Coins,
etc.)
• Simultaneous Choices (Rock, Paper,
Scissors)
• Hidden...

LUCK LEVELS
THE PLAYFIELD

LUCK IS
INCLUSIVE

SOURCES OF SKILL
• Physical (Exercise, Practice, etc.)
• Intelligence (IQ, Problem Solving, etc.)
• Familiarity (Exp...

SKILL TAKES
EFFORT

SKILL ADDS
MEANING

MANIPULATING
LUCK

MANIPULATE
LUCK VIA SAP*
*SKILL ADVANTAGE PERCENTAGE

NBA JAM’S SAP = 5%*

*JUSTAGUESS

WHEN SKILL
GETS AN
ADVANTAGE,
DIAL UP THE
LUCK

SO, GAMIFING A
TASK WITH OUT
LUCK WILL
INHERENTLY
MAKE IT UNFAIR

RANDOM
VS.

PREDICTIVE

RANDOM PREDICTIVE

Photos used under Creative Commons from dupo-x-y & Muffet

RANDOMNESS
ISN’T
LUCK

PREDICTIONS
ARE
ODDS

CHESS IS VERY RANDOM
• The Shannon number, named after Claude
Shannon, is an estimated lower bound on
the game-tree co...

Photos used under Creative Commons from Muffet

CHESS IS PREDICTIVE

IN BOOK IN BOOK IN BOOK
IN BOOK IN BOOK
IN BOOK IN BOOK
IN BOOK I...

KNOWING THE
POSSIBLE
OUTCOME MAKES
VARIATIONS
MORE EXCITING

WHO WINS?

i

PREDICTIVE
OUTCOMES
CREATE
UNDERDOGS

PREDICTIVE
OUTCOMES
CREATE
RIVALRIES

WHO IS THE
UNDERDOG?

Photo used under Creative Commons from Mike_fleming

SO, GAMIFING A
TASK WITH OUT
PREDICTION WILL
INHERENTLY
MAKE IT BORING

BRING IT
TOGETHER
............

ARE YOU
CREATING
CONFLICT?

ARE YOU
CREATING
MEANING?

ARE YOU
CREATING
BALANCE?

Risk vs. Reward
Luck vs. Skill
Random vs. Predictive

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