The document discusses changes and new features in Drupal 7 related to APIs, database queries, and file handling. Key points include: - Database queries are now built using query objects that support features like placeholders, joins, conditions, and multiple inserts. - Files are now first-class entities with a files table, managed and unmanaged file types, and stream wrappers for various locations. - Functions like db_query, db_insert and file_load were updated, and new APIs allow altering queries and copying/deleting files.

1. Novas APIs no Drupal 7
José San Martin

4. Database Layer

5. Banco de dados
• “Query builders” paraconsultas INSERT,
UPDATE, DELETE, MERGE, e SELECT.
• Suporteparareplicação master/slave,
transações, consultas multi-insert,delayed
inserts, entre outros.
• Suporte a SQLite.
• Uso do engine InnoDBporpadrão, aoinvés
de MyISAM, emMySQL, quandodisponível

6. Database layer
• Camada de abstração
• Permiteouso com diversosservidores de
BD
• Baseadonabiblioteca PDO do PHP
• FunçõesespeciaisparaconstruirSELECTs,
INSERTs, UPDATEs, DELETEseMERGEs

7. select com db_query
Drupal 6:
$query = db_query('SELECT title FROM {node}');
while ($n = db_fetch_object($query)) {
$titles[] = $n->title;
}

8. select com db_query
Drupal 7:
$results = db_query('SELECT title FROM
{node}');
foreach($results as $n) {
$titles[] = $n->title;
}

9. select com db_query
Drupal 6:
$query = db_query('
SELECT title FROM {node}
WHERE uid = %d', 1);

10. select com db_query
Drupal 7:
$results = db_query(
'SELECT title FROM {node}
WHERE uid = :uid’,
array(':uid' => 1)
);
foreach($results as $n) {
$titles[] = $n->title;
}

11. select com db_query
Drupal 7:
$results = db_query(
'SELECT title FROM {node}
WHERE title = :title',
array(':title' => 'Foz')
);
foreach($results as $n) {
$titles[] = $n->title;
}

12. select com db_query
Drupal 7:
$results = db_query(
'SELECT title FROM {node}
WHERE title LIKE :title',
array(':title' => 'Foz%')
);
foreach($results as $n) {
$titles[] = $n->title;
}

13. query objects
• abstraçãoparadescreverumaconsultaaoba
nco de dados
• Passos:
– Crie a query (db_select, db_insert, db_delete)
– Adicionecamposoucondições
– ->execute();

14. insert
Drupal 6:
$query = db_query(
"INSERT INTO {role}
(name, weight)
VALUES ('%s', %d)",
'Admin', -10
);

15. insert
Drupal 7:
$fields = array(
'name' => 'Admin’,
'weight' => 0,
);
db_insert('role')->fields($fields)->execute();
O método execute() vairetornaro campo auto_increment
(nessecaso, rid)

16. ouusando a API do Drupal…
Drupal 6 eDrupal 7:
$fields = array(
'name' => 'Admin’,
'weight' => 0,
);
drupal_write_record('role', $fields);

17. multi-insert
$values = array(
array(
'title' => 'Example',
'uid' => 1,
'created' => REQUEST_TIME,
),
array(
'title' => 'Example 2',
'uid' => 1,
'created' => REQUEST_TIME,
),
);

18. multi-insert
$query = db_insert('node')->fields(
array('title', 'uid', 'created')
);
foreach ($values as $record) {
$query->values($record);
}
$query->execute();
O método execute() nãovairetornar nada

19. db_delete
$num_deleted = db_delete('node')
->condition('nid', 5)
->execute();
O método execute() vairetornar a quantidade de linhasapagadas

20. db_select
$results = db_select('node', 'n')
->fields('n', array('title'))
->condition('n.uid', 0, '<>')
->execute();
foreach ($results as $n) {
$titles[] = $n->title;
}

21. conditions
->condition('n.uid', 0, '=')
->condition('n.uid', 0) //igual a linhaacima
->condition('n.uid', 0, '<>')
->condition('n.nid', 300, '>=')
->condition('n.uid', array(1,2,3), 'IN')
->condition('n.title', db_like($st).'%',
'LIKE')
->condition('n.nid', array(10,20), 'BETWEEN')
->isNull('nomedocampo')
->isNotNull('nomedocampo')

22. db_select: joins
$query = db_select('node', 'n')
->fields('n', array('title'))
->condition('n.uid', 0, '<>');
$alias = $query->join('users', 'u', 'n.uid =
u.uid');
$results = $query->fields('u', array('name'))
->execute();

23. db_selectoudb_query?
• db_queryémaiseficiente
• db_selectémaisabstratoepermitequery_alt
er

24. hook_query_alter
• Permitealteraruma query
definidaporoutromódulo
• Baseia-se na tag da $query

25. hook_query_alter
$query->addTag('node_access');
function
mymodule_query_alter(QueryAlterableInterface$
query) {
if ($query->hasTag('nomedatag')) {
$query->range(0, 2);
$query->range(0, 2);
}
}

26. Files API

27. Novidades
• Arquivospassam a ser cidadãos de
primeiraclasse, ouseja, entidades
• Stream wrappers
• Managed Files vs. Unmanaged Files
– tabelafiles_managed
– funçõesfile_unmanaged_* paratodas as
operaçõesquenãosalvem dados natabela

28. Stream Wrappers
• ProvidospeloDrupal
– public://arquivo.txt
– private://outro-arquivo.txt
– temporary://mais-um-arquivo.txt
• Providospormóduloscustomizados:
– youtube://NIfl2o44zb0

29. copiar um arquivo
$file = file_load(1); // fid
if (file_prepare_directory("public://pasta") {
$copia =
file_copy($file, 'public://pasta/arq.jpg');
// $copiaestásalvanatabelafile_managed
delete_file($copia);
}

30. exibir a url
$file = file_load(1);
print $file->uri; // public://file.png
$url = file_create_url($file->uri);
print $url;
//
http://localhost/foz/sites/default/files/file

31. maisinformações: drupal.org/developing/api
José San Martin
jose@chuva-inc.com
http://chuva-inc.com.br