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Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
The document presents an approach for detecting process antipatterns in BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) processes. It defines seven antipatterns using rules of inference and describes a method to transform BPEL processes into a simplified generic model. An experiment applies the approach to detect two antipatterns in three sample BPEL processes with limited detection success due to the small process sizes. Future work is needed to automate the approach and detect more antipatterns in larger, real-world processes.
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Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 1. Detection of ProcessAntipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Francis Palma, Naouel Moha, and Yann-Gaël Guéhéneuc MRI-BP 2013 Ptidej Team, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada Latece, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
- 2. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 2 of 21 • Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) • Service-based systems (SBSs) • Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) • Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) • Service orchestration using control logics • Design patterns and Antipatterns
- 3. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process
- 4. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPMN model BPEL Engine BPEL Process
- 5. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies BPMN model BPEL Engine BPEL Process
- 6. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies BPMN model BPEL process BPEL Engine BPEL Process
- 7. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies BPMN model BPEL processTransformation errors BPEL Engine BPEL Process
- 8. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies BPMN model BPEL process Conceptual mismatch Transformation errors BPEL Engine BPEL Process
- 9. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies BPMN model BPEL process Conceptual mismatch Transformation errors BPEL Engine BPEL Process Evolution Evolution
- 10. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies Transformation errors BPMN model BPEL process Conceptual mismatch Antipatterns! BPEL Engine BPEL Process Evolution Evolution
- 11. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context 3 of 21 BPEL Engine BPEL Process Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages Early design anomalies hard to maintain and evolve bad quality of service poor design BPMN model BPEL process Conceptual mismatch Antipatterns! Transformation errors Evolution Evolution
- 12. September 10, 2013Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Context: Process Antipatterns 4 of 21 Start Deadlock!!! (A,B) D (A,B,C) (b) Dangling Inputs and Outputs (a) Deadlocks Through Decision-Join Pairs
- 13. September 10, 2013 Context Motivation RelatedWork Approach Experiments Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Outline
- 14. September 10, 2013 Context Motivation RelatedWork Approach Experiments Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Outline
- 15. September 10, 20135 of 21 Motivation: Why Antipatterns • Antipatterns: - From wrong design decisions to poor solutions • Poor solutions result: - bad quality of service (QoS) - less maintainability, evolvability etc. • Detect antipatterns within processes • Improve design and QoS Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 16. September 10, 20136 of 21 Motivation: Why BPEL ? • BPEL processes are off-the-shelf entities, BPMN is more documentation related - transition often broken, not symmetric • Ideologically, antipatterns in BPMN and BPEL processes represents same semantics, but some syntactic differences exist • Antipatterns in models (BPMN) already got much attention in the literature: - target audience: business analysts • Conceptual mismatch between BPMN and BPEL - differ in control flow support, e.g., loops, splits, joins, etc. • Transformation errors and early design errors: - translation, adaptation, and–or implementation errors - errors by business analysts Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 17. September 10, 2013 Context Motivation RelatedWork Approach Experiments Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Outline
- 18. September 10, 20137 of 21 Related Work (1/2) Model Antipatterns: - Onoda et al. (1999): catalog of 5 deadlock patterns - Persson et al. (2006) and Stirna et al. (2009): 6 process patterns and 13 process antipatterns - Koehler and Vanhatalo (2007): 14 structural antipatterns in process models - Trcka et al. (2009): formalized 9 process antipatterns using temporal logic Detection of Model Antipatterns: - Gruhn and Laue (2010): heuristic-based approach for discovering problems in BPMs - Laue and Awad (2010): visually represented process antipatterns Process Patterns: - Wohed et al. (2002): analysed BPEL4WS based on workflow and communication patterns - Aalst et al. (2003): discussed 26 control flow, branching-synchronization, and structural patterns Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 19. September 10, 20138 of 21 Related Work (2/2) Identified gaps from the literature: - Antipatterns and detection approaches were considered only for BPMN models - No other formal specifications for process antipatterns except the one by Trcka et al. (2009) - Various quality aspects (e.g., availability or response time of Web services) were not considered - No automatic detection approach for BPEL process antipatterns until now Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 20. September 10, 2013 Context Motivation RelatedWork Approach Experiments Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Outline
- 21. September 10, 20139 of 21 Solution towards detection • We propose to: - specify process antipatterns using classical Rules of Inference - define a concrete approach • We perform a small detection experiment - seven antipatterns, three example BPEL processes - show results for two antipatterns Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 22. September 10, 201310 of 21 Approach (1/5) Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 23. September 10, 201311 of 21 Approach (2/5): Specify Rules Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Start (A,B) D (A,B,C)
- 24. September 10, 201312 of 21 Approach (3/5): Process Transform • Process transformation (more abstract and simplified) (a) from the original BPEL to a simplified BPEL (b) from the simplified BPEL to a generic model • Goal of this transformation is to ease: - implementation of the rules - further analysis of the processes Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 25. September 10, 201313 of 21 Approach (4/5): Process Transform Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective (a)
- 26. September 10, 201313 of 21 Approach (4/5): Process Transform Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective (a) (b)
- 27. September 10, 201314 of 21 Approach (5/5): Detection • The implementation of rules • Applying implemented algorithms on transformed models • Detection is now semi-automatic Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 28. September 10, 2013 Context Motivation RelatedWork Approach Experiments Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Outline
- 29. September 10, 201315 of 21 Experiments (1/5): Objects travelProcess auctionProcess salesProcess Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective 3 Web services 7 I/O Var 3 Web services 6 I/O Var 2 Web services 4 I/O Var
- 30. September 10, 201316 of 21 Experiments (2/5): Subjects Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 31. September 10, 201317 of 21 Experiments (3/5): Results Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective no detection no detection N/A N/A
- 32. September 10, 201317 of 21 Experiments (3/5): Results Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective no detection no detection N/A N/A
- 33. September 10, 201318 of 21 Experiments (4/5): Results (cont.) Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 34. September 10, 201318 of 21 Experiments (4/5): Results (cont.) Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 35. September 10, 201319 of 21 Experiments (5/5): Threats to Validity External validity: Possibility to generalize the results for other large and realistic business processes Construct validity: Different engineers might define rules differently Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 36. September 10, 2013 Context Motivation RelatedWork Approach Experiments Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective Outline
- 37. September 10, 201320 of 21 Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 38. September 10, 201320 of 21 Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 39. September 10, 201320 of 21 Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 40. September 10, 201320 of 21 Conclusion Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 41. September 10, 201321 of 21 Future work • Perform experiments on other large and complex business processes - Limitation: availability of business processes • Automate the approach • Detect more process antipatterns • Analyse the processes dynamically Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 42. Thanks for yourattention! Questions?
- 43. September 10, 201316 of 21 Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective
- 44. September 10, 201316 of 21 Experiments (4/5): Results (cont.) salesProcess travelProcess Context Motivation Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Palma et al. | Detection of Process Antipatterns: An BPEL Perspective