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While wireless sensor networks face security challenges, addressing issues like confidentiality, integrity, and availability is critical for successful deployment. The document discusses these security requirements and explains how attacks can target different network layers. It provides examples of physical layer attacks like jamming and tampering. At higher layers, attacks include collisions and resource exhaustion in the data link layer, and spoofing, selective forwarding, sinkholes, Sybil attacks and wormholes in the network layer. Transport layer attacks involve flooding and desynchronization. Confidentiality, integrity, and cryptography are also discussed as important security concepts for wireless sensor networks.

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Overview on security and privacy issues in wireless sensor networks-2014

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Lecture Outlines Why Security is Important for WSN WSNs have many applications e.g.: military, homeland security assessing disaster zones Others. This means that such sensor networks have mission-critical tasks. Security is crucial for such WSNs deployed in these hostile environments. Why Security is Important for WSN Moreover, wireless communication employed by WSN facilitates eavesdropping and packet injection by an adversary. These mentioned factors require security for WSN during the design stage to ensure operation safety, secrecy of sensitive data, and privacy for people in sensor environments. Algorithms to achieve security services Symmetric Encryption Asymmetric Encryption Hash Function/Algorithm Digital Signature Why Security is Complex in WSN Because of WSNs Characteristics: Anti-jamming and physical temper proofing are impossible greater design complexity and energy consumption Denial-of-service (DoS) attack is difficult Sensor node constraints Sensor nodes are susceptible to physical capture Deploying in hostile environment. eavesdropping and injecting malicious message are easy Using wireless communication Why Security is Complex in WSN Because of WSNs Characteristics: maximization of security level is challenging Resource consumption asymmetric cryptography is often too expensive Node constraints centralized security solutions are big issue no central control and constraints, e.g. small memory capacity. Cost Issues Overall cost of WSN should be as low as possible. Typical Attacks to WSN Physical Attacks Environmental Permanently destroy the node, e.g., crashing or stealing a node. Attacks at the Physical Layer Jamming: transmission of a radio signal to interfere with WSN radio frequencies. Constant jamming: No message are able to be sent or received. Intermittent jamming: Nodes are able to exchange messages periodically Jamming Attack Countermeasure Physical Attacks Node Capture Attacks routing functionalities Countermeasure tamper-proof features Expensive solution Self-Protection disable device when attack detected Attacks on Routing Sinkhole attack attacker tries to attract the traffic from a particular region through it Solution: Watchdog Nodes can start to trace the source of false routing information Attacks on Routing Sybil attack (Identity Spoofing) attacker claims to have multiple identities or locations provide wrong information for routing to launch false routing attacks Solutions: Misbehavior Detection. Identity Protection Privacy Attacks Attempts to obtain sensitive information collected and communicated in WSNs Eavesdropping made easy by broadcast nature of wireless networks Traffic analysis used to identify sensor nodes of interest (data of interest), WSN Privacy Issues Cont. WSN Privacy Issues Attack Trust and reputation in WSN WSN Traditional Security Techniques Cryptographic primitive

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