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Cyber espionage is a form of cyber attack where classified data or intellectual property is stolen to gain a competitive advantage. Some of the earliest cases involved hackers targeting US military bases in the 1980s. Nation states, criminal groups, and terrorists now use tools like malware and wireless surveillance to spy on governments and companies. Notable cases include attacks on Google and energy companies, as well as espionage targeting presidential campaigns and fighter jet projects. Protecting against cyber espionage requires strategies like partnering with security experts, identifying vulnerabilities, and rapidly detecting and responding to potential compromises.

















