The Pakistan Movement, or Tehrik-e-Pakistan, was a political effort in the 1940s aimed at establishing Pakistan as a separate nation-state for Muslims in British India, driven by the Two-Nation Theory articulated by Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Key events like the Lahore Resolution in 1940 solidified this objective, emphasizing the need for a distinct Islamic identity, culture, and democracy separate from Hindu influence. As a result of this movement, Pakistan was created in 1947, with Jinnah recognized as a pivotal leader in its formation.

3. Pakistan Movement:
The Pakistan Movement or Tehrik-e-Pakistan was
a political movement in the 1940s that aimed for and
succeeded in the creation of Pakistan from the Muslim-
majority areas of British India.
The movement progressed within India alongside
the Indian independence movement, but the Pakistan
Movement sought to establish a new nation-state that
protected the religious identity and political interests of
Muslims in South Asia.

4. Two nation theory:
The two-nation theory was a founding principle of the
Pakistan Movement, and the partition of India in 1947.
The ideology that religion is the main factor in defining
the nationality of Indian Muslims was used by Muhammad
Ali Jinnah. He called it 'the awakening of Muslims for the
creation of Pakistan'.

5. Role of Quaid-E-Azam
Jinnah, whose true political career started from when he joined Muslim
League in 1913,became politically a well known figure by the episode of
Lakhnow Pact (1916) when he was coined as an ambassador of Hindu-Muslim
unity but the events ensuing gave a new shape to the drama of politics in
India.
The slogan of Hindu-Muslim unity proved short lived. The failure of khilafat
Movement and the Nehru Report classified the Muslims minds from the illusion
of Hindu-Muslim unity.
But Jinnah who interposed his person by the dint of his initiative and
courage. He become successful in defending the Muslim cause so gallantly
that evil design of Hindus could not achieve them objectives.
His Fourteen Points (1929) saved the Muslims from the octopus of the
Congress.

7. Ideology of Pakistan and Iqbal:
Iqbal was strictly against nationalism. He considered all
the Muslims to be a part of One Ummah. For him, a
Muslim in any part of the world was part of a brotherly
relation. He considered nationalism to be a coffin for the
Muslim Umma.
Thus, highlighting the limitations and disadvantages of
nationalism, Iqbal gave the philosphy of a "Millat-e-
Islamia" and this philosphy became the basis of Pakistan's
ideology.

9. Pathway to Pakistan 23 March Resolution :
The idea of a separate homeland for the Muslims of subcontinent took
shape through a process of evolution. It started with the realization of
the fact that the Muslims of south Asia are quite different from the
Hindus and their future in a democratic India would be at stake 23rd
March is observed as Pakistan Day every year.
The Muslim League held its annual session at Minto Park in Lahore,
Punjab, that lasted from 22 March till 24 March 1940.
During this event, the Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah
and other Founding Fathers narrated the events regarding the
differences between Hindus and Muslims, and moved the historical
resolution that cemented the formation of a nation-state in South Asia
as Pakistan, even though it did not actually mention Pakistan at all.

10. cont….

11. Aims and objects of creation of Pakistan:
Setting up for a free islamic country
The main objective of creation of Pakistan was to establish
a free islamic society having its own identity and
government, practicing its own social principles and
religion and inviting the muslim world.

12. Establishment of Islamic democracy:
Establishment of Islamic democracy islam has given an
ideal concept off democracy which is distinctively
different from the western concept.
In Islam democratic system everyone is equal and no one
enjoys a privileged position on the basis of his social
status. One of the main objectives of the freedom
movement was that the Muslims of the sub- continent
wanted a country where the ideal system of Islamic
democracy could be installed.

13. Cont…
Islam has given an ideal concept off democracy which is
distinctively different from the western concept. In Islam
democratic system everyone is equal and no one enjoys a
privileged position on the basis of his social status.
One of the main objectives of the freedom movement
was that the Muslims of the sub-continent wanted a
country where the ideal system of Islamic democracy
could be installed

14. Protection of Muslim culture and
civilization:
The Muslims were always a separate nation because of
their distinctive cultural values and patterns.
They were easily distinguishable from other nations on
the basis of their social behaviours.
The Muslim culture, civilization and literature were the
living and proud symbols of the Muslims identity as a
separate and distinct nation. Although the Muslims lived
with Hindus and other nations for centuries, yet they
proudly main tend their separate image.

15. Cont
1.Hindus are the people who follow the practices and
beliefs of Hinduism while Muslims are those that follow
Islam.
2.Hindus believe in many gods while Muslims believe in
only one God, Allah.
3.Hindus don’t eat cows while Muslims don’t eat pigs.
4.Hindus believe in rebirth or reincarnation while Muslims
believe in the separation of the soul and body after death.
5.Muslims observe many religious practices like the
namaz, roza, and shahadah.

16. Protection of Urdu language :
This situation provoked the Muslims to come out in order
to protect the importance of the Urdu language.
The opposition by the Hindus towards the Urdu
language made it clear to the Muslims of the region that
Hindus were not ready to tolerate the culture and
traditions of the Muslims.
Hindus began to demand that Hindi should be made an
official language in place of Urdu, and they started a
movement in Banaras in which they demanded the
replacement of Urdu with Hindi.

17. Establishment of a balanced economic
system:
The economic condition of the Muslims, before partition
was deplorable. The Muslims were not in a position to
enter in the business and trade because of biased policy of
government.
After the war of Independence of 1857, the British
Government had banned Muslims entry into
government service.
The Muslims also lagged behind in the field of
education, the Hindus on the other hand had advanced
in modern knowledge and were in a better position.

18. Protection of Muslim image and identity:
In the United India the Muslims were dominated by the
Hindus in every social field.
The Muslims were not in a position to compete with the
Hindus because of their backwardness in education and
politics.
The Hindus had adopted a prejudicial attitude which
blocked all channels to prosperity and progress for the
Muslims.
The national image and identity of the was in great
jeopardy because of the Hindu hatred and antagonism

19. Conclusion:
Indeed, even as late as June 1946, whatever the political forces and
conditions at work the alternative path of united India was more likely and
more imminent choice, and it was Jinnah alone who made the crucial
decisions that led Muslim India directly to Pakistan within a year that
transferred the possibility of an independent Muslim homeland into actuality.
Thus Jinnah’s person was crucial and actual in the making of Pakistan.
The whole world acknowledged that had there been no Jinnah there would
have been no Pakistan. And the nation rightfully acclaimed him Quaid-i-Azam-
The Great Leader.

20. As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad
Ali Jinnah and the subcontinent's struggle for independence,
Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent nation for
Muslims from the regions in the east and west of the
Subcontinent where there was a Muslim majority.