The document discusses conceptual frameworks and their components. A conceptual framework illustrates what a study expects to find and guides the research. It explains the major variables and their relationships. Clearly defining variables ensures everyone understands what is being studied. The document then provides an example framework investigating the impact of parental involvement on student academic achievement. The independent variable is parental involvement, defined as parents' level of engagement in their child's education. The dependent variable is student academic achievement, measured by indicators like grades, test scores, and attendance. The framework hypothesizes that parental involvement influences academic achievement by improving these indicators when parents are actively engaged through meetings, homework help, communication with teachers, and school events. This structured framework allows analyzing how

1. Framework
Conceptual
Prepared by: Daire D. Lazaro

2. Conceptual Framework
Illustrates what the research
expects to find in the research. It
guides the researcher by giving
clear directions to the research.

3. Conceptual Framework
It explains the major variables in
the study. It is a diagram
representing the relationship or
connections of variables.

4. Clearly defining variables and
describing them in the
framework helps ensure that
everyone reading or using the
framework understands exactly
what is being studied.
Understanding the relationships between
variables is crucial for designing the
research study. Researchers need to know
which variables they will study, how they
will collect data on those variables, and how
these variables relate to one another. This
information guides the research
methodology.
Conceptual
Framework
Variables
Variables are the bridge between
abstract concepts and
measurable data. By specifying
variables and how they will be
measured or observed,
researchers can operationalize
their concepts, making it possible
to collect data and conduct
empirical research.
Definition of these
variables
Relationship
between variables

5. Research Title
The Impact of Parental
Involvement on Student Academic
Achievement in Senior High School.
LET’S TAKE THIS AS AN EXAMPLE:

6. Independent Variable:
Parental Involvement: This variable represents
the level and type of involvement that parents
have in their children's education. It can include
factors such as parent-teacher meetings, help
with homework, communication with teachers,
and participation in school events.

7. Dependent Variable:
Grades: The grades of students in different subjects.
Standardized Test Scores
Attendance: Regular school attendance can also be an
indicator of academic achievement.
Student Academic Achievement: This variable measures the
academic performance of students, which can be assessed
using various indicators such as:

8. Dependent Variable:
Grades: The grades of students in different subjects.
Standardized Test Scores
Attendance: Regular school attendance can also be an
indicator of academic achievement.
Student Academic Achievement: This variable measures the
academic performance of students, which can be assessed
using various indicators such as:

9. In this study, a conceptual framework is constructed to investigate "The Impact of Parental
Involvement on Student Academic Achievement in Senior High School." The independent variable,
"Parental Involvement," is defined as the extent of active engagement parents have in their children's
education, encompassing various dimensions, including parent-teacher meetings, assistance with
homework, communication with teachers, and participation in school events. On the other hand, the
dependent variable, "Student Academic Achievement," measures a student's scholastic performance
through indicators such as grades obtained in various subjects or courses, standardized test scores, and
regular school attendance.
Within this conceptual framework, the aim is to explore the relationships between these variables. It is
hypothesized that parental involvement influences student academic achievement. Specifically, it is
anticipated that when parents actively participate in their child's education by attending parent-teacher
meetings, providing homework support, maintaining open lines of communication with teachers, and
engaging in school events, students are more likely to perform better academically. This framework
provides a structured foundation for the study, enabling an analysis and understanding of how parental
involvement can impact the academic success of senior high school students.

10. WHAT MODEL CAN BE USED IN DESIGNING YOUR
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK?

11. Research Framework
IV- DV MODEL
THIS MODEL IS USED IN EXPERIMENT BASED STUDIES.
PARENTAL
INVOLVEMENT
STUDENT ACADEMIC
ACHIEVEMENT
STANDARDIZED TEST
SCORES
GRADES
ATTENDANCE

12. THE IPO MODEL IS A BASIC CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK USED TO ANALYZE AND DESIGN SYSTEMS, PROCESSES, OR
WORKFLOWS. IT HELPS IN UNDERSTANDING THE SEQUENCE AND RELATIONSHIP OF INPUT, PROCESS, AND OUTPUT
COMPONENTS WITHIN A SYSTEM.
IPO Model (Input- Process- Output)

13. Research Framework
-P Model
USED IN RESEARCH STUDIES THAT PROPOSE A PROGRAM OR ANY INTERVENTION
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
PROPOSED
INTERVENTION

14. Diagram
Textual discussion
GROUP ACTIVITY:
Design your conceptual framework.