Skip to main content
UploadLanguage (EN)Support
BusinessMobileSocial MediaMarketingTechnologyArt & PhotosCareerDesignEducationPresentations & Public SpeakingGovernment & NonprofitHealthcareInternetLawLeadership & ManagementAutomotiveEngineeringSoftwareRecruiting & HRRetailSalesServicesScienceSmall Business & EntrepreneurshipFoodEnvironmentEconomy & FinanceData & AnalyticsInvestor RelationsSportsSpiritualNews & PoliticsTravelSelf ImprovementReal EstateEntertainment & HumorHealth & MedicineDevices & HardwareLifestyle
students , profile picture
Uploaded bystudents
PPTX, PDF51 views

Comprehensive Overview of Flat Foot (Pes Planus): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Detailed presentation on flat foot deformity covering types, causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, physiotherapy, orthotic management, and surgical options for effective treatment and management.

Health & Medicine◦
What is flat foot? ● Also known as Pes planus ● Postural deformity ● Medial longitudinal arch of foot is collapse/flattened ● The whole foot/part of the sole touches the ground while standing ● The heel in this deformity goes into valgus with prominence of talus medially. ● In this deformity, there is bulging on the medial aspect of the foot, which is due to displacement of the head of the talus medially from the navicular. ● Loss of medial longitudinal arch due to ligaments and muscles
● Arches- ❖ Wedge-shaped blocks ❖ It supported and formed by complex network of Ligaments, Muscles, Bones ❖ and tendons ● Function ❖ Weight bearing spring to absorb shock ❖ Distributed the body weight ❖ Act as lever to propel body forward in walking , running, jumping ● Epidemiology ❖ More prevalent in children. ❖ Female > Male 3 2 1 Types of Arches
Types of flat foot 1. Rigid/True/Congenital Flat Foot: 2. Supply/ Flexible/ Pediatrics flat foot Arch absent in sitting and standing Arch present in sitting and tiptoe standing Arch never appears Arch disappears only during weight-bearing Often painful and pathological Usually painless and physiological Less common Common in children May lead to arthritis Usually resolves as the child grows
1. Genetics 2. Ligament laxity in congenital diseases such as Marfan syndrome. 3. Charcot's arthropathy. 4. Obesity. 5. Pregnancy. 6. Tight Achilles tendon 7. Under medical condition ❏ Tarsal condition (restriction in movement) ❏ Osteoporosis ❏ Congenital anomalies Common causes
Pathophysiology 1.Normal Medial Longitudinal Arch 2. Soft tissues 1. NORMAL FOOT 2.WEAKNESS/INJURY/ LIGAMENT LAXITY/TENDON DYSFUNCTION 3. LOSS OF ARCH SUPPORT 4. COLLAPSE OF MEDIAL ARCH 5. FLAT FOOT (PES PLANUS) NOTE:Dysfunction/Injury to any of the supporting leads to collapse of the medial longitudinal arch, Result: Flat foot deformity
Diagnosis X-ray-foot shows C-sign , developing from a bony bridge Clinical features 1. Lowering of the Dome on the medial side of the foot 2. Inward Turned Ankle (Hindfoot Valgus) 4. Ankle and Foot pain 3. Weight Bearing on the Medial aspect of the foot 5. Tip toes Walking/Running
HOME THERAPY FOR FLAT FOOT CALF/TA STRETCH MARBLE PICKUP HEEL RAISES TOE CURLS SHORT FOOT EXERCISE TOE SPREADING ROLLING A BALL SINGLE LEG STANDING TOWEL STRETCHING WALK ON LATERAL BORDER OF FOOT
PHYSIOTHERAPY 1.Strengthening exercises:Tibialis posterior tibialis anterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, intrinsic foot muscles, abductor hallucis muscles are given either manually, or using weight cuff/theraband. 2. Stretching: Gastrocnemius-soleus complex, stretching of peronei (most particularly peroneus brevis muscle), 3. Passive ROM exercise 4. Foot Pain Management Faradic foot bath cryotherapy/ contract bath Ultrasound
★ Orthotic management—Shoe modification: 1. Thomas heel ● Medial heel and sole raise with medial arch support. ● wedge with extended anterior medial border 2. Silicon arch support/Scaphoid pads 3. Supramalleolar orthosis(SMO) ● It supports foot just above the ankle bone ot malleolus. Surgery: ❖ Tendon transfers ❖ Osteotomies ❖ Arthrodesis (triple arthrodesis) Complications: ● painful arthritis.
THANKYOU HEALTHY FEET, HEALTHY LIFE