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Uploaded byVyankateshBhaurkar1
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Comprehensive Overview of Electric Vehicle Components and Their Functions

Detailed insights into electric vehicle design covering battery packs, electric motors, inverters, BMS, on-board chargers, and cooling systems for mechanical engineering students. This presentation covers the basics of EV, types of EV, HEV, types of HEV, EV components, their functions, construction, working principles and significance as well.

Engineering◦
Related topics:
Electric Vehicle Insights•
Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423603 (An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified Department of Mechanical Engineering Subject : Electric Vehicle Design Class : T.Y. Mechanical Subject Code : ME 311D Unit 2 : Introduction to Electric and Hybrid Vehicle By V. P. Bhaurkar Department of Mechanical Engineering 2026 – 27 (sem - 5)
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Battery Pack A battery pack in an electric vehicle is a collection of many individual battery cells connected together to store electrical energy. Function: 1. Stores Energy 2. Supplies power 3. Supports regenerative braking 4. Works with BMS 5. Provides range Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) 1. The battery pack is made of cells grouped into modules, and modules are combined to form the pack. 2. Each cell produces a small voltage (e.g., 3.6–3.7 V for lithium-ion). 3. By connecting cells in series, the voltage increases; by connecting them in parallel, the capacity (Ah) increases. 4. The pack supplies Direct Current (DC) power to the inverter. 5. The inverter converts DC to Alternating Current (AC) for the motor (if AC motor is used). 6. During charging, electrical energy flows into the pack; during operation, it flows out to power the vehicle. How Does a Battery Pack Work?
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Electric Motor An electric motor is the heart of an EV’s propulsion system. It converts electrical energy from the battery into mechanical energy (rotational motion) to drive the wheels. It does the opposite during regenerative braking — converting motion back into electrical energy to charge the battery. Function: 1. Vehicle Propulsion 2. Torque Generation 3. Regenerative Braking 4. Speed Control 5. Reverse Motion 6. Efficiency Optimization Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Inverter An inverter in an electric vehicle is an electronic device that converts direct current (DC) from the EV’s battery into alternating current (AC) needed by AC motors (such as induction motors or PMSM motors). It can also work in reverse during regenerative braking, converting AC from the motor back into DC to recharge the battery. Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Functions 1. DC to AC Conversion 2. Speed Control 3. Torque Control 4. Regenerative Braking 5. Safety Protection Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Battery Management System (BMS) A Battery Management System is the brain of an EV battery pack. It’s an electronic system that monitors, controls, and protects the battery so it works efficiently, safely, and lasts longer. Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Function: 1. Monitoring 2. Protection 3. Balancing 4. Communication 5. Data Logging 6. Energy Management Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) On-board Charger An On-Board Charger (OBC) is a device built inside the electric vehicle that converts AC electricity from an external charger or wall socket into DC electricity to charge the EV’s battery. It’s called “on-board” because it is integrated inside the vehicle, unlike external chargers that stay at the charging station. Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Function: 1. AC to DC Conversion 2. Voltage & Current Control 3. Battery Management System (BMS) Communication 4. Safety Protection 5. Compatibility Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Cooling System The cooling system in an electric vehicle is the arrangement of components that removes excess heat from key parts like the battery pack, electric motor, inverter, and charger so that they work within safe temperature limits. Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar EV (T. Y. Mechanical) Function 1. Temperature Control 2. Performance Maintenance 3. Safety 4. Longevity 5. Efficiency Main Components of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Their Functions
V. P. Bhaurkar AI and ML (T. Y. Mechanical) Thank You !