The document discusses the client-server architecture, including its definition, timeline, types of servers, tiers, protocols, and future directions. The client-server model involves clients sending requests to servers which process and return responses. It has evolved from mainframe computers to today's multi-tier architectures with web, application, and database servers. Protocols like HTTP, TCP/IP, and FTP are used to facilitate communication between clients and servers. Cloud computing is presented as the future direction rather than traditional client-server systems.

1. Client Server
Architecture
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2. Definition
The term ‘Client-Server’ refers
to the Network Architecture.
where one or more computers
are connected a server.
That one computer (the Client) or more sends a
service request to another computer (the Server).
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3. Timeline
Mainframes
• 1st Generation The tube-based mainframes computers
• 2nd Generation Transistor computers systems
• 3rd Generation Multi-processing and OS make the scene
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4. Timeline
1980s Client-Server Network
1990 Intro of Web related Protocols
1990HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language)
1991 Web Server
2001 Blade Server
2008Cluster Application
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5. Servers
Mainframes
• One Tier
• Talks directly to the mainframe
File Server
• Thick Client
• No hard-disk
• Network dependant
• One-tier architecture
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6. Servers
Web Server
• Thin Client
• Hard ware based
• Network based
• Two-tier architecture
• Uses HTTP protocols
Application Server
• LAN (Local Access Network)
• Backbone
• Cluster
• Provides services within the webpage
• Provides online documents
• E.g. Hotmail, Google and Yahoo
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7. Servers
Database Server
Referred to as ‘The back-end system’
• Performs tasks such as data analysis, storage,
data manipulation, archiving
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8. Blade
Servers
• Thinner client
• Super Computer
• Accessed virtually…
• VmWare software
Remote
• Enables Network Administrators to access the
network without physically being in the same location
of the network.
• VmWare
• Remote Desktop Connections
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9. Tiers
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10. Client-Server
Architecture
• Web Server
• Protocols
• Application Server
• PC LAN application
• Database Server
• 3 tier structure
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11. Present Status
• 3-tier/N-tier Client -Server System
3-tier
• Web Browser, Web Server, Application Server
N-tier Architecture
• Funnel database connections
• Partition the application
processing load mango many
servers.
• Multi-tier is used to describe
architectures with multiple
layer or types of middleware.
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12. Industry Standards:
• FTP Protocols
(File Transfer Protocol)
• TCP/IP (Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
• IP (Internet Protocol)
OSI Model TCP/IP Model
Presentation Layer
Application Layer FTP
Session Layer
Transport Layer Transport TCP
Network Layer Internet IP
Data Link Layer Ethernet
Physical Layer Netowrk Interface
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13. Industry Standards:
Protocols
Web Browser Protocols
• HTTP (Hypertext transport protocol)
 Is the domain of the website
E.g. http://www.whitrieia.ac.nz
• URL (Universal Resource Locator)
Is the Website of the address.
www.whitrieia.ac.nz
• HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language)
 Mark-Up Language for Web Pages on the
World Wide Web
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14. Industry Standards:
Protocols
Email Protocols
• STMP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
 Is a protocol for sending email messages between
the Servers.
 STMP sends the message
• POP (Post Office Protocol)
Email Client
POP retrieves the message
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15. Cloud Computing
Is not our friend in Client-
Server Architecture World!
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16. Future Direction
Cloud Computing
• Virtual World
• Stable structure
• Secure
• Subscription based
Client-Server Architecture is flexible and adaptable
Blade Server
• The Blade is able to contain big number
of users in work group
• The Blade Server is powerful!
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