Atlas
• A bookof maps is called an Atlas.
• The art of making maps is called Cartography.
• The first ‘Book of Maps’ or Atlas was published by Mercator
and Handt.
• The cover page of the atlas carried the picture of the Greek
mythological giant named Atlas holding the Earth.
8.
Physical Map
Maps showingnatural features of the earth, such
as mountains, Plateaus, Plains, Oceans, etc., are
called PHYSICAL or RELIEF MAPS.
POLITICAL Map
Maps showing cities, towns & villages & different
countries & states of the world with there
boundaries are called POLITICAL MAP.
Thematic Map
Some maps focus on specific information, such as
road maps, rainfall maps, maps showing the
distribution of forest, industries, etc., are known as
THEMATIC MAPS.
9.
Components of aMap
To be accurate, maps need to have few important components
that will make our study meaningful.
• Title
• Scale
• Conventional Symbols
• Directions
10.
1)Title:
The title ofa map indicates its purpose. It tells us what kind of
information is being provided in the map. Ex. Physical features
of India.
2)Scale:
We use a scale, which is the ratio between the distance on the
map and the actual distance on the earth’s surface.
a) By a verbal statement – Scale is given in words ,
ex: 1cm = 500km
11.
b) By afraction or ratio scale –
Also known as representative fraction.
Representative fraction = Map distance divided by ground
distance. (Here numerator is always 1)
c) By a graphic or linear scale – A line with equal divisions is
marked on the map. One unit of scale is further divided into
subunits.
12.
All maps havedifferent scale.
Ex. If 1cm = 500kms
This is a small scale map because it has very less
information.
If 1cm = 100kms
This would be a large scale map because it will give
information than the previous map.
13.
Conventional Symbols
• Itis not possible to draw the actual shape or size of some
features on a map, so some symbols are used on a map to
represent them.
• The symbols are internationally accepted, and they take
up less space while describing.
15.
Directions
• They helplocate places.
• They are called cardinal directions – East, West, North, South.
• Between them lie Northeast, Southwest, Southeast, and
Northwest. They are known as intermediate directions.
• Most maps have a line with an arrow and the letter “N” printed
on the upper right-hand corner, known as the north line.
