The document discusses a spectrum analyzer and function generator. A spectrum analyzer is used to display and measure frequency by mixing the input signal with a voltage controlled oscillator, filtering at an intermediate frequency, and using a detector and vertical amplifier to display the pulse output only at the input signal frequency. A function generator generates different signal types like sine, square, and triangular waves, with adjustable frequency from Hz to MHz. It uses positive feedback oscillators like RC, LC, Wien bridge, and phase shift oscillators. The block diagram of each is also included.

1. Electrical and Electronic Measurement
Function Generator and Spectrum Analyzer
Parveen Malik
Assistant Professor
School of Electronics Engineering
KIIT University
parveen.malikfet@kiit.ac.in
November 25, 2019
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2. Outline
1 Spectrum Analyzer
2 Function Generator
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3. Spectrum Analyzer

4. Spectrum Analyzer
Spectrum Analyzer to display and measure frequency.
Spectrum Analyzer
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5. Spectrum Analyzer
Block Diagram of Spectrum Analyzer
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6. Spectrum Analyzer
Working
The input signal with a frequency ω0 and output from the voltage
controlled oscillator having frequency from ω1 to ω2 is applied to the
mixer. The output of the mixer contains frequencies from ω1 ± ω0 to
ω2 ± ω0.The IF (Intermediate Frequency) amplifier is tuned at frequency
ωf which with detector only allow that signal to pass through it whose
value is equal to frequency ωf . At this frequency , detector produces a
rectangular pulse which is applied to vertical amplifier and this frequency
corresponds to the input signal frequency. The CRT output display is
scaled in such a way that it gives the pulse output only at input signal
frequency (equivalent to frequency of IF amplifier).
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7. Function Generator

8. Function Generator
Function generator generates the different types of signals like sine
wave, square wave and triangular wave.
Frequency can be adjusted from Hz to MHz range.
Positive feedback oscillators (RC,LC ,Wien bridge, phase shift
oscillators).
Function Generator
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9. Function Generator
Block Diagram
Block diagram of Function Generator
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