CELLULAR RESPIRATION FOR GEN BIO 1 .pptx

CELLULAR RESPIRATION FOR GEN BIO 1 .pptx

• 1.
  CELLULAR RESPIRATION
• 2.
  OVERVIEW OF CELLULARRESPIRATION A process that converts glucose into ATP using oxygen. Stages: Glycolysis Krebs Cycle → → Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
• 3.
  Role of Oxygenin Aerobic Respiration ◦Function: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the ETC. ◦Combines with electrons and H⁺ to form water. ◦Maintains electron flow and proton gradient for ATP synthesis.
• 4.
  ATP Yield inAerobic Respiration Glycolysis: 2 ATP Krebs Cycle: 2 ATP ETC: 34 ATP Total: 38 ATP per glucose
• 5.
  What Happens WithoutOxygen? ◦ETC stops NADH and FADH₂ cannot → donate electrons. ◦No proton gradient no ATP from ETC. → ◦Cells switch to anaerobic pathways to survive.
• 6.
  Anaerobic Pathways – Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation: o Occurs in muscle cells. o Pyruvate Lactic acid + NAD⁺ →  Alcoholic Fermentation: o Occurs in yeast. o Pyruvate Ethanol + CO₂ + NAD⁺ →  Purpose: Regenerate NAD⁺ for glycolysis.
• 7.
  ATP Yield inAnaerobic Respiration Glycolysis: 2 ATP No Krebs or ETC ◦Total: 2 ATP per glucose (much less efficient)
• 9.
  Why is oxygenessential for maximizing ATP production in cellular respiration?
• 10.
  How does theability to adapt energy pathways reflect the resilience and stewardship built into living systems?