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Cancer of Pancreas- Easy ppt for student nurses

This document discusses pancreatic cancer. It notes that risk factors include smoking, exposure to chemicals, a high-fat diet, and conditions like diabetes and chronic pancreatitis. Common clinical manifestations are pain, jaundice, weight loss, and vague abdominal pain. Diagnostic methods include CT scans, MRI scans, ERCP, and biopsies. Surgical treatment involves removing localized tumors through procedures like pancreatectomy or Whipple resection. Medical management can include radiation, chemotherapy, and stents to relieve jaundice.

Education◦
Cancer Pancreas Prepared By SwatilekhaDas RN, BSN, MSN
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Cancer Pancreas
Risk factors Risk factorsinclude • cigarettesmoking • exposure to industrial chemicals or toxinsin the environment • a diet high in fat, meat, or both • Pancreaticcancer is also associated with diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis, and hereditary pancreatitis. 4 SWATILEKHA DAS
Clinical Manifestations • Pain, jaundice, or both are present in more than 80% of patients and, along with weight loss • Rapid, profound,and progressive weight loss. • Vague upper- or midabdominal pain or discomfort unrelated to any GI function; radiates as a boring pain in the mid back Symptoms of insulin deficiency (diabetes: glucosuria, hyper-glycemia, and abnormal glucose tolerance) may be an early sign of carcinoma. 5 SWATILEKHA DAS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS • Meals often aggravateepigastric pain. • Malabsorption of nutrients and fat-soluble vitamins, anorexia and malaise, and clay-colored stools and dark urine are common SWATILEKHA DAS 6
Assessment and Diagnostic Methods • Spiral (helical) CT • MRI scan • endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) • GI x-rays, percutaneous fine- needle biopsy, • percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), angiog- raphy, laparoscopy, or intraoperative ultrasonography • Glucose tolerance test 7 SWATILEKHA DAS
Surgical treatment SWATILEKHA DAS • Surgical procedure is extensive to remove resectable localized tumors (eg, pancreatectomy, Whipple resection). 8
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Medical Management • Radiation and chemotherapy may be used; intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) or interstitial implantation of radioactive sources may be used for pain relief. 13 SWATILEKHA DAS
Medical Management SWATILEKHA DAS • Diet high in protein with pancreatic enzymes, adequate hydration, vitamin K, and treatment of anemia with blood components and total Parenteral Nutrition may be instituted before surgery when indicated. 14
A biliary stent may be used to relieve jaundice 15
Thank You 16 SWATILEKHA DAS