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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ROLE IN HEALTH CARE Dr.T.V.Rao MD

The document discusses the role of artificial intelligence in healthcare. It describes various aspects of AI including machine learning, knowledge engineering, robotics, and machine perception. It notes that AI has great potential to improve healthcare by helping address issues like workforce shortages and rising patient needs as populations age. However, successfully integrating AI into healthcare systems faces challenges like overcoming technical and regulatory limitations, addressing ethical concerns, and ensuring AI is used to augment rather than replace human professionals. Overall, the document presents an overview of AI in healthcare, its opportunities and challenges.

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ROLE IN HEALTH CARE Dr.T.V.Rao MD 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 1
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence • Techopedia explains Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines. It has become an essential part of the technology industry. 2/7/2019 2
The core problems of artificial intelligence include programming computers for certain traits as: • Knowledge • Reasoning • Problem solving • Perception • Learning • Planning • Ability to manipulate and move objects 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 3
Knowledge engineering • Knowledge engineering is a core part of AI research. Machines can often act and react like humans only if they have abundant information relating to the world. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 4
Machine learning • Machine learning is also a core part of AI. Learning without any kind of supervision requires an ability to identify patterns in streams of inputs, whereas learning with adequate supervision involves classification and numerical regressions 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 5
Knowledge moving from Errors to Accuracy 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 6
Robotics • Robotics is also a major field related to AI. Robots require intelligence to handle tasks such as object manipulation and navigation, along with sub- problems of localization, motion planning and mapping. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 7
Machine perception • Machine perception deals with the capability to use sensory inputs to deduce the different aspects of the world, while computer vision is the power to analyze visual inputs with a few sub-problems such as facial, object and gesture recognition. Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 2/7/2019 8
Artificial Intelligence shaping future Medicine • The potential of artificial intelligence for making healthcare better is indisputable. The question is how to integrate it successfully into our healthcare systems. For doing so, we have to overcome technical, medical limitations, as well as regulatory obstacles, soothe ethical concerns and mitigate the tendency to oversell the technology.2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 9
The medical community should not fall for the fearmongering around A.I. • At the dawn of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, automation and digitization are turning the job market upside down. Many fear that robots, A.I., and automation, in general, will take their jobs without alternatives. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 10
Fear of losing the Job Potentials • The same anxieties emerged in healthcare about artificial intelligence taking the place of radiologists, robots surpassing the skills of surgeons, or taking jobs in pharma. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 11
Complex digital technologies require competent professionals • More and more sophisticated digital health solutions will require the competence of qualified medical professionals, no matter whether it’s about robotics 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 12
Future of Digital Health • Only digital health can bring healthcare into the 21st century and make patients the point-of-care. We prepare everyone in healthcare for the adoption of innovative, disruptive and smart technologies while keeping the human touch. – Dr. Bertalan Meskó 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 13
Increasing demands of Patients • Compassionate care is paying attention to the needs of the others, listening to spoken or noticing unspoken wishes, imagining the other person’s situation and expressing acts of empathy to lessen suffering, pain or distress. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 14
A global health workforce shortage is imminent… • Experts are pessimistic when it comes to the human resources situation in healthcare. There are worrying tendencies about the off-balance of supply and demand of medical professionals. According to The Medical Futurist Institute, the needs-based shortage of healthcare workers globally is about 17.4 million. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 15
WHO Forecasts Global shortage of Health care Professionals • The WHO’s Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health: Workforce 2030 reports that shortages can mount up to 9.9 million physicians, nurses and midwives globally by 2030. The U.S. could see a lack of up to 120,000 physicians by 2030, according to a report published in April 2018 by the Association of American Medical Colleges. In the next 10-12 years, Southeast Asia will need approximately 4.7 million more health workers to achieve sufficient coverage, while the Western Pacific zone, which includes regional heavyweights such as China, South Korea, and Japan, will be missing roughly 1.4 million people. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 16
while populations are growing, aging and suffer from more chronic diseases • The number of the Earth’s human inhabitants is increasing day by day. The World Population Counter says that there are three times more births than deaths on a given day, while more than 7.6 billion people populate the Earth at the moment. That’s an insanely growing number. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 17
Ageing Population is Great Concern and shortage of Health care Professionals and Resources • At the same time, life expectancy is widening, and populations are aging. According to data from World Population Prospects: the 2017 Revision, the number of older persons — those aged 60 years or over — is expected to more than double by 2050 and to more than triple by 2100, rising from 962 million globally in 2017 to 2.1 billion in 2050 and 3.1 billion in 2100. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 18
Artificial intelligence cannot solve all the issues in health • By all means, we need to emphasize that practicing medicine is not a linear process. Not every single element and parameter can be translated into a programming language – but there are areas where ANI could definitely improve patient outcomes and ease the burden on medical staff. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 19
Implementation of Artificial Intelligence a true challenge • However, the question we always have to face is how we translate the vast potential of artificial intelligence into everyday life. After the very first step – getting to know the most possible about A.I. in healthcare -, we should get a clearer picture of the obstacles. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 20
Better regulations to Control Artificial Intelligence ? • The FDA approved the first cloud-based deep learning algorithm for cardiac imaging developed by Arterys in 2017; which is a huge step towards the future. However, regulations around artificial intelligence generally lag behind or are literally non-existent. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 21
Future Decision making with Artificial Intelligence • With the technology gaining ground and appearing in hospitals within the next 5-10 years, decision-makers and high-level policy- makers cannot allow themselves not to tackle the issue. Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 2/7/2019 22
Bio Ethics and Artificial Intelligence • The development of digital health technology causes many concerns regarding bioethics. Here are 10 examples why people should not be afraid of, but rather embrace the advancements of such technologies. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 23
Artificial intelligence Cannot replace empathy ? • Even if the array of technologies will offer brilliant solutions, it would be difficult for them to mimic empathy. Why? Because at the core of empathy, there is the process of building trust: listening to the other person, paying attention to their needs, expressing the feeling of compassion and responding in a manner that the other person knows they were understood. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 24
Complex digital technologies require competent professionals • More and more sophisticated digital health solutions will require the competence of qualified medical professionals, no matter whether it’s about robotics or A.I. Take the example of the most commonly known surgical robot, the da Vinci Surgical System. It features a magnified 3D high-definition vision system and tiny wristed instruments that bend and rotate far greater than the human hand. However, surgeons have to learn how to operate it, and it takes practice to master it. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 25
The vison of Medical Futurist • The Medical Futurist believes that this is the perfect example for the coming decades. Technology will help bring medical professionals towards a more efficient, less error-prone and more seamless healthcare. Our team insists on the usage of digital tools as we are confident that if utilized in the right way – ethical and legal concerns 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 26
Emerging utilities in Artificial Intelligence • University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics have used machine learning to reduce surgical site infections by 74% over the past three years, according to Healthcare ITDr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 2/7/2019 27
Reasons we need Artificial Intelligence • Although AI systems are expensive and often tricky to implement, the benefits of predictive analytics can save lives and cut down on readmissions. Plus, they can eventually result in cost savings down the line. 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 28
WILL THE ARTIFICAL INTILLIGENCE BE PART OF LIVES ? 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 29
References and Scientific resources • 5 Reasons Why Artificial Intelligence Won’t Replace Physicians, The Medical Futurist 24 May 2018 • Techopedia web resources 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 30
Program Created by Dr.T.V.Rao MD for benefit of Medical Nursing and Health care Professionals in the Developing Wor Email doctortvrao@gmail.com 2/7/2019 Dr T.V.Rao MD @Artificial intelligence 31