Poster prepared by Regis Chikowo, Sieg Snapp and Mateete Bekunda for the Africa RISING Humidtropics Systems Research Marketplace, Ibadan, Nigeria, 15-17 November 2016
Title: The System of Rice Intensification (SRI): New Agronomy for Rice Production
Poster by: SRI-Rice
Date: November 10-15, 2015
[Poster presented at the 2015 Agritechnica Conference in Hanover, Germany.]
Title: The System of Tef Intensification (STI): Modifying crop management for greater food security in Ethiopia
Poster by: Tareke Berhe, Ayele G. Ayetenfisu,
Zewdie Gebretsadik, and Norman Uphoff
Date: October 13, 2015
[Poster presented at the 2nd International Conference on Global Food Security at Cornell University.]
Farmer access to irrigation scheduling advice leads to sustainable intensific...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Petra Schmitter, Fitsum Hagos, Desalegn Tegegne, Aberra Adie, Tesema Tamirat, Frederick Boudron, Michael Blummel, Aster Gebrikirstos, Amare Haileslassie, Nicole Lefore and Jennie Barron for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Approaches and interventions to make SI function in the Ethiopian Highlands: ...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Echo East Africa Symposium on Best Practices in Improved Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Highland Areas, Rwanda, 26-28 November 2019
Delivering climbing and drought tolerant bush beans in different soil health ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Rowland Chirwa, Gift Ndengu, Powell Mponela, Lulsegad Desta and Regis Chikowo for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
Title: The System of Rice Intensification (SRI): New Agronomy for Rice Production
Poster by: SRI-Rice
Date: November 10-15, 2015
[Poster presented at the 2015 Agritechnica Conference in Hanover, Germany.]
Title: The System of Tef Intensification (STI): Modifying crop management for greater food security in Ethiopia
Poster by: Tareke Berhe, Ayele G. Ayetenfisu,
Zewdie Gebretsadik, and Norman Uphoff
Date: October 13, 2015
[Poster presented at the 2nd International Conference on Global Food Security at Cornell University.]
Farmer access to irrigation scheduling advice leads to sustainable intensific...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Petra Schmitter, Fitsum Hagos, Desalegn Tegegne, Aberra Adie, Tesema Tamirat, Frederick Boudron, Michael Blummel, Aster Gebrikirstos, Amare Haileslassie, Nicole Lefore and Jennie Barron for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Approaches and interventions to make SI function in the Ethiopian Highlands: ...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Echo East Africa Symposium on Best Practices in Improved Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Highland Areas, Rwanda, 26-28 November 2019
Delivering climbing and drought tolerant bush beans in different soil health ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Rowland Chirwa, Gift Ndengu, Powell Mponela, Lulsegad Desta and Regis Chikowo for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
van Asten - CIALCA's efforts in farming systems R4DCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Author: Norman Uphoff
Title: Improving Food Production for Health in a Water-Constrained World: Opportunities from Agroecological Knowledge and Experience (SRI)
Presented at: Water for Health Lecture Series, Nebraska Water Center
Date: February 24, 2016
This is a presentation about the SRI activities of the LINKS program, Catalysing Economic Growth for Northern Nigeria, which is implemented by Tetra Tech International Development
Author: Tetra Tech International Development
Title: Reduced Methane Emissions Rice Production Project in Northern Nigerian with System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Date: October 25, 2021
SUSTAINABLE SILVOPASTORAL RESTORATION TO PROMOTE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN TUNISIAICARDA
25 - 29 November 2019. Antalya, Turkey. Near East Forestry and Range Commission (NEFRC) - 24th Session
Presentation by Dr. Mounir Louhaichi
Rangeland Ecology & Management
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
M.Louhaichi@cigar.org
Improved Production System in the Polders of Bangladesh through Community Wat...africa-rising
Presented by Vara Prasad [Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab - Kansas State University] about improved production system in the polders of Bangladesh through community water management. This poster was presented on 5 - 8 February 2019 at the Africa RISING Program Learning Event.
Increasing the Production and Productivities of Groundnut in the Dry Savannas...ICRISAT
Nigeria has move from one of the major groundnut exporting country to an importing country due to several factors, biotic, abiotic ad social. There is a renewed interest by stakeholders to increase groundnut production in Nigeria. One way is to increase the hectrage of production either in the wet season or through dry season production. Preliminary survey have shown that groundnut cultivation in the dry season for seed, grains or fodder is highly profitable. There is however no scientifically backed recommendation of planting date and variety for this technology. Farmers therefore plant dry season groundnut whenever they fill, some farmers plant too early resulting in stunted growth as a result of low temperature in the early season while others plant late which result in the crop maturing at beginning of rains thereby resulting in conflict with the subsequent wet season crop. This can be addressed by initiating a scientific based research to obtain optimum planting date dates. Another way to increase the grgroundnut production is to improve the agronomic recommendation to facilitate reaching potential yields of the new improved varieties available.
Presentation by Mike McGahuey (Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources Management Advisor, USAID) and Jerry Glover (Senior Sustainable Agricultural Systems Advisor, USAID) at the May 15, 2013 event "Natural Resource Management and Food Security for a Growing Population". For more information visit: http://www.wri.org/event/2013/05/natural-resource-management-and-food-security-growing-population
Title: System of Rice Intensification (SRI): Opportunities for Liberia
By: Erika Styger, Director of Programs, SRI-Rice
Presented at: Agriculture Coordination Committee (ACC), Ministry of Agriculture, Monrovia, Liberia
Date: February 17, 2014
Presentation by Bob Winterbottom (Director, Ecosystem Services Initiative, WRI) at the May 15, 2013 event "Natural Resource Management and Food Security for a Growing Population". For more information visit: http://www.wri.org/event/2013/05/natural-resource-management-and-food-security-growing-population
Building Climate Smart FARMERSThe Indian PerspectiveICARDA
Presented by
DR. KIRIT N SHELAT, I.A.S. (Rtd)
National Council for Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD)
AHMEDABAD - INDIA
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Speaker: Norman Uphoff
Title: Agroecological Opportunities with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and the System of Crop Intensification (SCI)
Date: June 25, 2021
Venue: online, presented in the International Webinar Series on Agroecology and Community Series
Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanza...africa-rising
Presented by Ganga Rao, NVRP, Kimaro, A., Makumbi, D., Mponda, O., Msangi, R., Rubanza, C.D., Seetha, A., Swai, E. and Okori, P. at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa annual review and planning meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3-5 September 2013
van Asten - CIALCA's efforts in farming systems R4DCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Author: Norman Uphoff
Title: Improving Food Production for Health in a Water-Constrained World: Opportunities from Agroecological Knowledge and Experience (SRI)
Presented at: Water for Health Lecture Series, Nebraska Water Center
Date: February 24, 2016
This is a presentation about the SRI activities of the LINKS program, Catalysing Economic Growth for Northern Nigeria, which is implemented by Tetra Tech International Development
Author: Tetra Tech International Development
Title: Reduced Methane Emissions Rice Production Project in Northern Nigerian with System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Date: October 25, 2021
SUSTAINABLE SILVOPASTORAL RESTORATION TO PROMOTE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN TUNISIAICARDA
25 - 29 November 2019. Antalya, Turkey. Near East Forestry and Range Commission (NEFRC) - 24th Session
Presentation by Dr. Mounir Louhaichi
Rangeland Ecology & Management
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
M.Louhaichi@cigar.org
Improved Production System in the Polders of Bangladesh through Community Wat...africa-rising
Presented by Vara Prasad [Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab - Kansas State University] about improved production system in the polders of Bangladesh through community water management. This poster was presented on 5 - 8 February 2019 at the Africa RISING Program Learning Event.
Increasing the Production and Productivities of Groundnut in the Dry Savannas...ICRISAT
Nigeria has move from one of the major groundnut exporting country to an importing country due to several factors, biotic, abiotic ad social. There is a renewed interest by stakeholders to increase groundnut production in Nigeria. One way is to increase the hectrage of production either in the wet season or through dry season production. Preliminary survey have shown that groundnut cultivation in the dry season for seed, grains or fodder is highly profitable. There is however no scientifically backed recommendation of planting date and variety for this technology. Farmers therefore plant dry season groundnut whenever they fill, some farmers plant too early resulting in stunted growth as a result of low temperature in the early season while others plant late which result in the crop maturing at beginning of rains thereby resulting in conflict with the subsequent wet season crop. This can be addressed by initiating a scientific based research to obtain optimum planting date dates. Another way to increase the grgroundnut production is to improve the agronomic recommendation to facilitate reaching potential yields of the new improved varieties available.
Presentation by Mike McGahuey (Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources Management Advisor, USAID) and Jerry Glover (Senior Sustainable Agricultural Systems Advisor, USAID) at the May 15, 2013 event "Natural Resource Management and Food Security for a Growing Population". For more information visit: http://www.wri.org/event/2013/05/natural-resource-management-and-food-security-growing-population
Title: System of Rice Intensification (SRI): Opportunities for Liberia
By: Erika Styger, Director of Programs, SRI-Rice
Presented at: Agriculture Coordination Committee (ACC), Ministry of Agriculture, Monrovia, Liberia
Date: February 17, 2014
Presentation by Bob Winterbottom (Director, Ecosystem Services Initiative, WRI) at the May 15, 2013 event "Natural Resource Management and Food Security for a Growing Population". For more information visit: http://www.wri.org/event/2013/05/natural-resource-management-and-food-security-growing-population
Building Climate Smart FARMERSThe Indian PerspectiveICARDA
Presented by
DR. KIRIT N SHELAT, I.A.S. (Rtd)
National Council for Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD)
AHMEDABAD - INDIA
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Speaker: Norman Uphoff
Title: Agroecological Opportunities with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and the System of Crop Intensification (SCI)
Date: June 25, 2021
Venue: online, presented in the International Webinar Series on Agroecology and Community Series
Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanza...africa-rising
Presented by Ganga Rao, NVRP, Kimaro, A., Makumbi, D., Mponda, O., Msangi, R., Rubanza, C.D., Seetha, A., Swai, E. and Okori, P. at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa annual review and planning meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3-5 September 2013
Research on conservation agriculture and associated practices africa-rising
Poster prepared by Christian Thierfelder and Mulundu Mwila for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
Intensifying legume/cereal cropping systems in Malawiafrica-rising
Presentation by Regis Chikowo, Christian Thierfelder, Wezi Mhango and Rowland Chirwa at the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 11-12 September 2019.
Land degradation threatens the livelihoods, food and nutrition security of the poorest, most vulnerable smallholder farmers and pastoralists in Africa.
CASFESA closure -- SIMLESA: Enhancing Integration, Innovation and Impacts in...CIMMYT
Presentation at a one-day workshop on February 23, 2015, convened to take stock of the Conservation Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers in East and Southern Africa (CASFESA) pilot project. CASFESA scientists share experience after three years of implementation in South Achefer and Jebitehnan Districts of Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia, from June 2012, ending in March 2015. Funded by the European Union through the International Fund for Agricultural Development, CASFESA aimed at increasing food security and incomes of poor smallholder farmers through sustainable intensification of mixed, cereal-based systems.
The project will leave a rich legacy, including:
• adaptation and demonstration of CA-based technologies on selected farmer plots;
• enhancing pro-poor and gender-sensitive targeting of CA-based interventions;
• improving the delivery of information, including on technologies and market opportunities to smallholders, as well as developing policy options and recommendations that favor these technologies; and,
• enhancing the capacity of research, and development interventions, for project stakeholders.
Interactive voice response for dissemination of agronomy technologies in Mal...africa-rising
Presented by Regis Chikowo, Emy Smith, Brian King and Sieg Snapp (Michigan State University) at the 2019 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting, San Antonio, USA, 13 November 2019.
Sustainable intensification (SI) innovations driven by crop ecology: Africa R...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Kindu Mekonnen (ILRI), Melkamu Bezabih (ILRI), Peter Thorne (ILRI), Aberra Adie (ILRI) and Seid Ahmed (ICARDA) for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics ICRISAT
A presentation by ICRISAT Director General William Dar on the topic 'Supporting Agricultural R4D in the Semi-Arid Tropics'.
The presentation highlights:
- Challenges in Agriculture in SAT
- CGIAR Research Programs
- Adaptation to Climate Change
- Major Impact of ICRISAT’s Research
- Key Stakeholders
Africa RISING project implementation and contribution in Ethiopia. Presented at Africa RISING close-out event.
24-25 January 2023
ILRI campus- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Technique de compostage des tiges de cotonnier au Mali-Sudafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July – 05 August 2022.
Flux des nutriments (N, P, K) des resources organiques dans les exploitations...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July 1 – 05 August 2022.
Eliciting willingness to pay for quality maize and beans: Evidence from exper...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Julius Manda, Adane Tufa, Christopher Mutungi, Arega Alene, Victor Manyong and Tahirou Abdoulaye for the IITA Social Science Group Virtual Meeting, 7 December 2021.
The woman has no right to sell livestock: The role of gender norms in Norther...africa-rising
Presented by Kipo Jimah and Gundula Fischer (IITA) at the virtual conference on Cultivating Equality: Advancing Gender Research in Agriculture and Food Systems, 12-15 October 2021
Contribution of Africa RISING validated technologies, nutrition-education interventions to household nutrition and participatory nutrition-education need assessment with seasonal food availability in Amhara, Oromia and SNNP regions of Ethiopia
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptxRASHMI M G
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...
Driving Sustainable land productivity through doubled-up legume technology on small farms
1. Driving Sustainable land productivity
through doubled-up legume technology
on small farms
Utility of the doubled-up systems
On tiny farms that are 0.5- 1ha, crop diversification is severely
constrained by limited land. Intercropping systems ensure farm crop
diversity on such farms, but are often constrained by unacceptable
yield penalties on either or both component crops, if the crops are not
ecologically compatible.
Doubled-up legume rotation technology
The doubled-up legume rotation (DLR) technology entails
intercropping two grain legumes, exploiting the opportunity
presented by complementary growth habits and plant
architecture. The most successful doubled-up legume
intercropping system involves pigeonpea intercropped with
groundnut in an additive design.
Pictures
Key partners
• Michigan State University: implementing partners for the Africa
RISING project in Malawi
• LUANAR: Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources
invested years of research in early stages of the development of the
DLR technology
• IITA – Africa RISING East and Southern Africa project lead
This document is licensed for use under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International LicenseNovember 2016
Who is the legacy product useful for?
1. Up to 1 million households situated in pigeonpea and groundnut
growing agro-ecologies in Malawi will benefit from this technology.
This applies to other countries with similar conditions.
2. This is a sustainable system that contributes to multiple
development objectives (nutrition, natural resource management,
income).
3. National extension systems and development partners need to be
supported to disseminate and support adoption of this technology
4. Farmers must be concurrently supported to acquire knowledge on
local level value addition and processing their grain legumes for
increased local consumption
Results and outputs
Key contacts
Regis Chikowo (chikowor@nsu.edu); Sieg Snapp (snapp@msu.edu)
Mateete Bekunda (m.bekunda@cgiar.org)
Photo A. Groundnut
and pigeopea plants
explore resources in
different ‘niches’ –
resulting in little intra-
specific competition.
• The groundnut-pigeopea DLR
system success hinges on the very
slow initial growth of pigeonpea.
• It follows that the groundnut
component grows as if sole-
cropped until its reproductive
stage (insignificant competition
for water, nutrients and sunlight
with small pigeonpea plants).
• Pigeonpea only starts rapid growth when the groundnut component
has approached maturity (mature groundnut understory -Photo B).
• After this, pigeonpea continues to grow on its own in the field, forms
pods, and will be harvested later.
• This legume - legume intercrop system 'doubles' grain legume crops
and 'doubles' soil fertility benefits as both groundnut and pigeonpea
add soil fertility through biological N2-fixation, when the residues are
retained in the field.
• This leads to more intensified production of maize grown in sequence
– a form of N fertilizer subsidy to farms that do not access adequate
mineral N fertilizers
B
This product has been extensively
tested in Malawi, with the following
results:
1. Increased labour productivity: On
smallholder farms in Malawi,
land preparation involves hand
hoe construction of ridges on
which crops are planted (Photo
C). This is extremely labour
demanding, usually on infertile
soils that do not support large
crop yields. The DLR accelerates
soil fertility restoration, and
better returns to labour for
current and rotational crops.
2. Increased land productivity: The groundnut – pigeonpea DLR
technology has consistently resulted in land equivalency rations
(LER) of at least 1.3. LER is a measure of land productivity, and a
number >1 indicates that intercropping is advantageous. This is
especially critical for small farms of <1 ha that are largely under
water limited rain-fed agriculture, with only one feasible cropping
cycle per year. With increased farm fragmentation, as the trend in
Africa, the DLR contributes to offsetting the effects of reduced farm
sizes.
A
C
Regis Chikowo*1, Sieg Snapp1, Mateete Bekunda2
1Michigan State University; 2International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
*Corresponding author: chikowor@msu.edu
Photo C. Much manual labour is
invested in making ridges
Photo B. Groundnut –pigeonpea DLR