Skip to main content
UploadLanguage (EN)Support
BusinessMobileSocial MediaMarketingTechnologyArt & PhotosCareerDesignEducationPresentations & Public SpeakingGovernment & NonprofitHealthcareInternetLawLeadership & ManagementAutomotiveEngineeringSoftwareRecruiting & HRRetailSalesServicesScienceSmall Business & EntrepreneurshipFoodEnvironmentEconomy & FinanceData & AnalyticsInvestor RelationsSportsSpiritualNews & PoliticsTravelSelf ImprovementReal EstateEntertainment & HumorHealth & MedicineDevices & HardwareLifestyle
KS
Uploaded bykencha swathi
1,841 views

Anti anginal agents

1. The document discusses various types of angina pectoris and antianginal drugs used to treat them. It describes the causes of chest pain and classifications of antianginal agents. 2. The main classes of antianginal drugs covered are nitrates, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, potassium channel openers, and dipyridamole. Examples like nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, propranolol, and verapamil are explained. 3. The mechanisms of action of the vasodilator drugs like organic nitrates and dipyridamole are also summarized. Nitrates release nitric oxide which increases cGMP and causes smooth muscle

Education◦
Related topics:
angina-pectoris•
ANTI ANGINAL AGENTS BY KENCHA SWATHI
ANGINA PECTORIS ▪ Coronary artery disease conditions are caused by deposits of atheromas in the intima of large and medium sized arteries serving the heart. ▪ Onset of episodes of cardiac discomfort caused by ischemia from inadequate blood supply to the tissues. ▪ Angina pectoris(Angina),the principal symptom of ischemic heart disease ,is characterized by a severe constricting pain in the chest TYPES OF ANGINA: 1.Atherosclerotic angina 2.Stable angina 3.Unstable angina 4.Variant angina SwathiPharmaJnan
CAUSES OF CHEST PAIN(ANGINA) Pericarditis Pulmonary embolism Pleurisy(Inflammation of the pleural lining of the lung) Hyperventilation syndrome Ribfracture Esophagitis Acute or chronic GERD(Gastro- esophageal reflux disorder) SwathiPharmaJnan
ANTIANGINAL DRUGS ▪ The drugs which are used in the treatment of angina pectoris are called antianginal drugs. ▪ Nitrites relieves angina pectoris by dilating the coronary arteries and that changes in the work of the heart. ▪ Anginal pain is relieved by a reduction of cardiac consumption of oxygen. SwathiPharmaJnan
Classification of antianginal agents ▪ Nitrates (Nitrovasodilators)– Amyl nitrite, Nitroglycerine, Pentaerythritol tetranitrate,Isosorbide dinitrate ▪ β -blockers –Propranolol,Metoprolol,Atenolol ▪ Calcium channel blockers –Verapamil,Diltiazem,Nifedipine ▪ Potassium channel openers –Nicorandil ▪ Miscellaneous –Dipyridamole SwathiPharmaJnan
AMYL NITRITE Uses: To treat angina Antidote for cyanide poisoning SwathiPharmaJnan
NITROGLYCERINE Uses:To treat angina pectoris To treat congestive cardiac failure and myocardial infarction SwathiPharmaJnan
PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE Uses: It is a long acting organic nitrate for prophylaxis treatment of angina,but not for acute attack. Pentaerythritol tetranitrate is a secondary explosive used in commercial caps and detonation cords and boosters SwathiPharmaJnan
ISOSORBIDE NITRATE Uses: To treat heart failure,Esophageal spasm. To treat chest pain SwathiPharmaJnan
PROPRANOLOL ,METAPROLOL & ATENOLOL Uses:β –adrenergic blockers that blocks the effects of adrenergic neurotransmitters(adrenaline & noradrenaline) so that reduces heart rate and force of contraction and lowers the B.P & Arrythmias. To treat angina pectoris SwathiPharmaJnan
VERAPAMIL,DILTIAZEM & NIFEDIPINE Uses: To treat angina pectoris Drugs produces coronary vasodilation by inhibiting the entry of calcium ions into the voltage gated channels of the vascular smooth muscles and myocardium during depolarization. It decreases cardiac work & Cardiac oxygen consumption. SwathiPharmaJnan
POTASSIUM CHANNEL OPENERS NICORANDIL Uses:Novel drug used in the treatment of angina-having arterio- venodilating properties It activates the potassium channels SwathiPharmaJnan
DIPYRIDAMOLE Uses:Dipyridamole is a powerful coronary dilator It prevents ischemic complications after transient attack or ischemic stroke(in combination with aspirin) SwathiPharmaJnan
MOA OF VASODILATORS The organic nitrate agents are prodrugs that are sources of NITRIC OXIDE(NO).NO activates the soluble form of guanylyl cyclase,thereby increasing intracellular levels of CGMP. CGMP promotes the dephosphorylation of the myosin light chain and the reduction of cytosolic calcium and leads to the relaxation of smooth muscle cells in tissues. SwathiPharmaJnan
Mechanism of Dipyridamole ▪ Inhibits phosphodiesterase,blocks the breakdown of cyclic AMP. ▪ Increased levels of CAMP reduces intracellular calcium and inhibits platelet activation. ▪ It also blocks the uptake of adenosine by platelets and other cells. SwathiPharmaJnan
SYNTHESIS OF ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Isosorbide dinitrate SwathiPharmaJnan
SYNTHESIS OF NITROGLYCERINE SwathiPharmaJnan
SwathiPharmaJnan