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PwC AI Lab | 1
Advanced Applications of AI in Enterprises
Global Big Data Conference – Santa Clara (Jan 17-19 2018)
Dr. Anand S. Rao
Global Artificial Intelligence Lead
PwC AI Lab | 2
Today’s discussion
Enterprise AI Through Four
Lenses
Enterprise AI Case Studies
Building & Evolving your AI
Capability
01
02
03
PwC AI Lab | 3
01
Enterprise AI Through
Four Lenses
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AI as Sense-Think-Act
Sense
Artificial Intelligence is
becoming ubiquitous
intelligence with the ability to
see, hear, speak, smell, feel,
understand gestures, interface
with your brain, and dream
Think
AI is helping us do tasks faster,
better and cheaper – Automated
Intelligence; helping us make
better decisions – Assisted &
Augmented Intelligence, or even
taking over what we do –
Autonomous Intelligence
Act
Artificial Intelligence is
equaling or surpassing
humans in a number of other
tasks – playing games, driving
cars, recommendations
(movies, books, finance,
research), etc.
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Statistics Econometrics Optimization
Complexity
Theory
Computer
Science
Game
Theory
FOUNDATION
LAYER
Sense Think Act
• Robotic process
automation
• Deep question &
answering
• Machine translation
• Collaborative systems
• Adaptive systems
• Knowledge &
representation
• Planning &
scheduling
• Reasoning
• Machine Learning
• Deep Learning
• Natural language
• Audio & speech
• Machine vision
• Navigation
• Visualization
AI that can sense… AI that can think… AI that can act…
Hear
See
Speak
Feel
Understand Perceive
PlanAssist
Physical
Creative
Cognitive
Reactive
More Formally…
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Business Lens
Metrics & Value Chain
Intelligence Lens
Automated, Assisted,
Augmented & Autonomous
Data Lens
Structured vs Unstructured
Available vs Augmented
Technology Lens
Techniques, Tools & Platforms
Four Lenses of Artificial Intelligence
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Business Lens: Metrics & Value Chain
Operations & Development
Product
Development
Service &
Support
Operations
Outbound Logistics
Sales &
Distribution
Customers &
Marketing
Strategy &
Growth
Supply Chain &
Procurement
Finance, HR,
Planning
Inbound Logistics
How will we ensure our
product supply is meeting
demand?
VP, Supply Chain
How can we engage with our
customers to enhance their
experience?
Director, Marketing
How can we grow our market
share and which markets to
enter, exit or expand?
Director, Strategy
How do we innovate and
introduce new products and
services?
Director, Products
How do we increase customer
satisfaction and retain more
customers?
Director, Service
How can we reach more
customers and price our
products to increase sales?
Director, Sales
How can we increase
efficiency and effectiveness of
our operations?
Director, Operations
How can we get a better
return on our talent, capital,
and assets?
Director, Finance & HR
• Market Share
• Customer Experience
• Acquisition Rate
• Innovation Rate
• Operational Efficiency
• Customer Satisfaction
• Talent Retention
• Inventory Turn
Over 300+ AI Use Cases Across 8 Sectors – Sizing the Prize
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Intelligence Lens: Four Types of Enterprise AI
No human in the loopHuman in the loop
Hardwired /
specific
systems
Adaptive
systems
Automated Intelligence
1
Assisted Intelligence
2
Augmented Intelligence
3
Autonomous Intelligence
4
+
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Data Lens: Four Types of Data
Structured
AvailableAugmented
Unstructured
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What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial Intelligence can be defined as the theory and development of systems that can continuously sense its environment, think,
make decisions, and take actions that influence the environment to achieve its goals.
Technology Lens: AI Techniques
Machine
Vision
Natural
Language
Audio &
Speech
Navigation Visualization
SENSORY
LAYER
Knowledge
Representation
Reasoning
Planning &
Scheduling
Machine
Learning
Deep
Learning
COGNITIVE
LAYER
Robotic
Process
Automation
Deep
Question &
Answering
Machine
Translation
Collaborative
Systems
Adaptive
Systems
BEHAVIORAL
LAYER
Statistics Econometrics Optimization
Complexity
Theory
Computer
Science
Game
Theory
FOUNDATIONAL
LAYER
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02
Enterprise AI Case
Studies
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Case 1:
Global
Pharmaceutical
Case 2:
Construction
Company
Case 3:
Automotive
Manufacturer
Case 4:
Digital
Advisor
PwC AI Lab | 13
Global Pharmaceuticals
Extracting adverse drug
interaction from clinician
notes, social media, and
medical literature to
enhance productivity and
effectiveness (96%
accuracy)
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Adverse Event Pipeline using NLP Toolkit
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Named Entity Recognition using NLP
Example Case Text:
Entity Type
0 Muscle Location
1 Soreness Event
2 Thigh Location
Entity Type
0 Diarrhea Event
NLP Engine
2) Patient suffered from diarrhea
once or twice this month and worried
the symptom resulted from injecting
Forteo.
1) Patient felt muscle soreness around
the injection site of his thigh.
Key Information Output
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Deep Learning of Latent Relationships
Word2Vec
is able to
show the
relationship
between
Sneezing
and Anti-
histamine.
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AI in Healthcare
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Construction Company
Monitoring of
construction site
completion status and
asset tracking using deep
learning decreased
operational costs by 60%
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Deep Learning from Video Images
PwC AI Lab | 20
Deep Learning with Drones
PwC – Drones and AI
PwC AI Lab | 21
Global Auto
Manufacturer
Gamification of Strategy
resulted in the Auto
Manufacturer evaluating over
200,000 go-to-market
scenarios to launch rideshare
and autonomous vehicle multi-
billion dollar business unit
Won the Best Enterprise AI Alconics Award
at AI Summit
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Deep Causal Reasoning with Millions of Digital Twins
Transport
Choice
Car Share Other
Commute
Service 1 Service 2 Service n
P(Car Sharing) P(Alternatives)
Car Share
Characteristic
Evaluation
2-Way ( Zip Car)
Free float (Car2Go)
Peer to Peer (Relay
Rides)
Service Offering Types
Errand
Weekend
Digital Twins of
Consumers, model
purchase choices
based on socio-
demographics,
transport choice, city
topology, and
economics
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Synthetic Trip Data to Augment Commute Behavior
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Over 200,000 Go-to-Market Scenarios Simulated
~6000 Total
Simulations
Select
Cities
Strategies
Random
Seeds
Market
Conditions
Cities selected in the previous
analysis, using a Demographic
model and the Demand Estimator,
were used in the analysis
Different strategies were tested,
varying, among others:
- Price
- Aggressiveness of Entry
- Marketing
- Customer Service
To account for randomness
experienced in dynamic systems,
each strategy for each city was
conducted 10 times
The model was calibrated to
different market conditions of
consumer acceptance
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Business Lens
Disruptive Business Model
“Selling Cars” to “Mobility as a Service”
Intelligence Lens
Augmented Intelligence
Continuous Learning
Data Lens
Structured, Unstructured and
Augmented Data
Technology Lens
Agent-Based Model &
Reinforcement Learning
Four Lenses applied to the Case Study
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Digital Advisor
Gamification of Strategy
resulted in the
development of a digital
advisor that simulates
household level (128
million) financial data
into the future to enhance
financial wellness
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PwC AI Lab | 27
03
Building &
Evolving
Your AI
Capability
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Benefiting from AI requires separating myths from facts
Myth 1:
Artificial Intelligence is a distinct monolithic
area of study
Fact 1:
Artificial Intelligence is an interdisciplinary
area with many distinct sub-fields
Myth 2:
All types of problems can be solved by a single
AI solution (e.g., ….insert your favorite
solution)
Fact 2:
Different types of problems require
different type of AI techniques and
solutions to be used
Myth 3:
Machine Learning automatically (magically)
learns from data without any human
intervention
Fact 3:
Machine Learning requires a laborious
process of acquiring and cleansing large
amounts of data, selecting, training, and
guiding the algorithm
Searching, Querying &
Conversing
Describing, Classifying,
Understanding &
Visualizing
Diagnosing, Discovering &
Reasoning
Trending, Forecasting,
Projecting &
Predicting
Simulating, Learning,
Optimizing, &
Adapting
Recognizing, Sensing,
and Recommending
AI Uses
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Artificial
Intelligence
• Robotic process automation
• Cognitive/Intelligent process automation
• Process mining and learning
• Chatbots
• Virtual assistants
• Information retrieval
• Question & Answering systems
• Language generation
• Speech-to-text and text-to-speech
• Machine translation
• Agent-based modelling
• Social simulation/ Digital Twins
• Reinforcement learning
• Management cockpits
• Collaborative systems
• Supervised machine learning
• Unsupervised machine learning
• Convolutional neural nets, LSTM
• Generative Adversarial Networks
• Deep learning for text, voice,
images, video
Adaptive Roadmap
Areas of focus for Enterprise AI
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Adaptive Roadmap
Getting started with Enterprise AI
Business-Aligned AI
Strategy
AI capability model
Institutionalizing AI
AI Governance & Change
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 1: Develop an AI Strategy that is aligned with your overall
business vision and objectives.
Step 2: Develop an AI capability across the enterprise in the relevant
assisted, augmented and autonomous intelligence.
Step 3: Institutionalize the portfolio of successful AI capabilities by
embedding analytics in core processes, adopting cloud and open–
source platforms
Step 4: Ensure appropriate governance of all forms of intelligence
by educating and changing customer and employee perception of AI
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PwC’s Digital Services
Six success factors to derive maximum benefits from
artificial intelligence
Start from business
decisions
01
Demonstrate value
through pilots before
scaling
02
Blend intuition and
data-driven insights
03
Address ‘big data’ –
don’t forget ‘lean’ data
04
Fail forward –
test and learn culture
05
Focus on Responsible
AI from the start
06
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Augmented Intelligence
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PwC’s Digital Services
Thank you.
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Dr. Anand S. Rao
PwC Global Artificial Intelligence Lead
anand.s.rao@pwc.com
@AnandSRao