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Uploaded byKaren Pamfilo
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Acids, Bases, and Salts

This document discusses acids, bases, and salts. It defines acids as substances that increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in water and bases as those that increase hydroxide ions. Salts are formed through the neutralization reaction of acids and bases. Common indicators of acidity and alkalinity include litmus paper, pH meters, and natural indicators like red cabbage juice. Acids have a sour taste, do not feel slippery, and can react with metals. Bases have a bitter taste, feel soapy, and some can react with metals. Safety measures for handling acids and bases include wearing protective equipment and flushing exposed areas with water. The document also provides examples of investigating substances using natural indicators.

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Acids, Bases and Salts
Learning Competencies 1.Define the following terms a. acid b. base c. salt d. indicator 2. Explain the different properties of acids and bases 3. Identify the indicators used in acids and bases. 4. Explain the safety measures in handling acids and bases. 5. Investigate properties of acids and bases using natural indicators
Describe each pictures and take note of the characteristics. Determine if it is an acid or a base.
What is an Acid? •From the Latin word “Acidus” means “Sour”. • any substance that increases the concentration of the H+ or hydrogen ion when it dissolves in water.
What is Base? •A base is any substance that increases the concentration of the OH- or hydroxide ion when it dissolves in water.
Determine the acids and bases.
What is a Salt? •Neutralization product between the reaction of an acid and base.
Properties of Acids and Bases Property Acid Base Taste sour bitter Feel not slippery slippery, soapy Metals mostly reacts with metals some reacts with metals Neutralization reaction reacts with base to form salt reacts with acids to form salt
Chemical Indicators any substance that gives a visible sign, usually by a color change, of the presence or absence of a threshold concentration of a chemical species, such as an acid or an alkali in a solution
Examples of Indicators Natural indicators like red cabbage, turmeric, grape juice, turnip skin, curry powder, cherries, beetroots, onion, and tomato.
Examples of Indicators Litmus paper is a water-soluble mixture of different dyes extracted from lichens. It is often adsorbed onto filter paper to produce one of the oldest forms of pH indicator. Red represents acidity Blue shows basicity of the substance If there is no change in the litmus paper, it means the substance is neutral/salt
Litmus paper Red Red Blue Blue ACID BASE
Examples of Indicators  pH meter/ pH tester is an instrument used to measure acidity or alkalinity of a solution - also know as pH. pH (power of Hydrogen) is the unit of measure that describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity. It is measured on a scale of 0 to 14.
pH Scale 0 1 2 3 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Strongly Acid Weakly Acid Strongly BaseWeakly Base SALT (NEUTRAL)  0 to 6.9 is acid  7.0 is neutral  7.1 to 14 is base
Properties of Acids and Bases Property Acid Base Taste sour bitter Feel not slippery slippery, soapy Metals mostly reacts with metals some reacts with metals Neutralization reaction reacts with base to form salt reacts with acids to form salt
Property Acid Base Ions Hydrogen (H+) Hydroxide (OH-) pH scale 0 – 6.9 7.1 - 14 Litmus paper turn blue litmus into red turn red litmus into blue
Identify the properties and determine whether it is an acid, base or salt. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uiB8qnlZTAM
Safety tips in handling the chemicals. 1. Use hand protection appropriate to acids and bases. 2. Wear safety glasses or goggles. 3. Wear a laboratory gown. 4. If acids and bases enter your eyes or have contact with any part of your body, flush them with lots of water. Go to the clinic at once. 5. Dispose these chemicals properly.
Investigating substances using a natural indicator (red cabbage)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I18K2upEHLc
SEATWORK Determine the ff. substances whether it is an acid, base or salt. 1. Tamarind 9. pH= 10.5 2. toothpaste 10. C2H5OH 3. seawater 11. HF 4. Baking soda 12. H3 PO4 5. lemon 13. Mg(OH)2 6. pH=7.2 14. H2CO3 7. pH=6.9 15. Ca(OH)2 8. pH=1.4
References  Science LINKS 7 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269989291_Science _Links_Grade_7_to_10  Exploring Life Through Science 7 https://h.phoenix.com.ph/junior_high/exploring-life-through- science-k-to-12-edition/  Discover Science 7  https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-acid-base-indicator-604738#:~:text=Acid- base%20indicators%20are%20chemicals%20used%20to%20determine%20whether,include%20litm us%20paper%2C%20phenolphthalein%2C%20and%20red%20cabbage%20juice.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! Prepared by: Ms. Anna Karenina P. Pamfilo, LPT