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17 october embedded seminar
The document discusses the challenges and solutions in the implementation of ARM microcontrollers in safety-critical applications, highlighting the benefits of multi-core MCUs for real-time control and reduced complexity. It emphasizes the growing demand for safety and reliability in sectors such as industrial and medical, detailing specific TI Hercules microcontrollers that meet IEC safety standards. Additionally, the document outlines the advanced features and integration options available in modern MCUs, including enhanced communication interfaces and software tools for development.
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17 october embedded seminar
- 2. Amir Sherman Semiconductors Technical/FAE &Business Development Manager Arrow Israel
- 3. 3 ARM MicroControllers &Processors
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- 5. Another Challenge -MCUs make the world a safer place Protection against random and systematic failures Headroom for application differentiation Simplified development and system certification Electronics are proliferating in safety-critical applicationsElectronics are proliferating in safety-critical applications 5
- 6. • Additional complexity •Dualdevelopments plus interface challenges / latency Multi Core - MCUs eliminate compromise Host Controller Communications Logic/Profile Sequencing/Monitoring Loop Controller Real-Time Control Faster /More Loops Small Sampling Windows Controller Real-Time Interrupt Priority Fast Closed Loops Small Sampling Windows Background task for host functions Sub-Prioritization of host functions Real-time Control Host Subsystem Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt • Compromise between ideal host and control capability Standard MCU Challenge Dedicated MCU Challenge Multi Core Solution No Compromises Floating-point unit ARM® Cortex™-M/R
- 7. Control Multiple Loops Meta LanguageTools Host OS / RTOS Communication Bridge Motion Profile Supervisor PWMsENCODERSERIAL ADC INTF ISOLATION Fieldbus, ENET, USB CAN, SPI, UART SDRAM FLASH SENSORS WIRELESS REDUNDANT CONTROL LOOP CHECKS COMMS TO OPTIONAL SAFETY MCU Micro Controllers Multi Core – Applications Drive or Soft Start
- 8. Micro Controllers MultiCore - Solar Inverter (string) Control MPPT BOOST INVERTER ISLANDING Host OS / RTOS Communication Bridge Safety & Supervisory 18 PWM Multi-Rail 12-bit ADCSERIAL HS ADC INTF ISOLATION ENET, USB CAN, UART, I2C, SPI SDRAM FLASH SENSORS WIRELESS DC MUX DC BOOST DC-AC INVERTER MAINS SYSTEM IO & DIAGNOSTICS META LANGUAGE CONTROL LOOP DESIGN TOOLS DATALOG BATTERY CHARGING
- 9. Micro Controllers MultiCore – Applications Electric Power Steering Control Precision- Low Latency Safety Critical Motion Control Host RTOS CAN Network Supervisor PWMs Redundant PWMs Safety Trips ENCODERSADC - Resolver - V, I, Torq - Commands - Wheel Pos ISOLATION CAN EEPROM-CAL SYSTEM IO & DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM ADC - Temp, Ref V - Tach - Redundant Checks
- 10. Micro Controllers MultiCore – Applications Integrated Power Monitor Control Power Supply Analysis Multi-Channel DSP Capability Host OS / RTOS Communication Bridge Supervisor PWMs12-BIT HS ADC H-RES ADC INTF ISOLATION ENET, USB CAN, UART, SP SDRAM FLASH SENSORS WIRELESS HMI DISPLAY SYSTEM IO & DIAGNOSTICS
- 12. Dual-core Large Internal Memories SPIFI StateConfigurable Timer Serial GPIO HS USB + Ethernet NXP Microcontrollers LPC4300 Advanced Unique Features 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 Pin/Peripheral Compatible LPC4300 Cortex-M4LPC1800 Cortex-M3
- 13. LPC4300 – Cortex-M4: Fullpower devoted to Audio processing – Cortex-M0: Handles the hardware control – I2 S & USB LPC4000 Subsystem – Audio Processing Cortex-M4Cortex-M4 Cortex-M0Cortex-M0 I2 S LCD USB 13
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- 18. 18 TI Hercules TM MCU Platform ARMCortex Based Microcontrollers Value Line Transportation and Safety MCUs Hercules Platform TMS470MTMS570RM4x High Performance Industrial and Medical Safety MCUs • Industrial Applications • Medical Applications • -40 to 105°C Operation • Ethernet, USB Connectivity • Developed to Safety Standards • IEC 61508 SIL-3 • Cortex-R – over 350 DMIPs High Performance Transportation and Safety MCUs • Transportation Applications • Automotive Q100 Qualification • -40 to 125°C Operation • LIN, CAN Connectivity • Supports Safety for • IEC 61508 Systems • Cortex-M – to 100 DMIPS • Transportation Applications • Automotive Q100 Qualification • -40 to 125°C Operation • FlexRay, CAN Connectivity • Developed to Safety Standards • ISO 26262 ASIL-D • IEC 61508 SIL-3 • Cortex-R – over 280 DMIPs
- 19. Stability Control Power Steering Vehicle Electrification ABS Power Steering Passive Safety ValueTransportation Lockstep CPUs 26262 supportplanned Sampling Development TMS570LS102S • 1MB, 160kB TMS570LS202S • 2*R4F LS • 2MB, 160kB • 160MHz TMS470MF031S • 320kB, 16kB TMS470MF066S • ARM® Cortex™ -M3 • 640kB, 48kB • 80MHz TMS470MF042S • 448kB, 24kB TMS570LS31x • 2*R4F LS • 3MB, 256kB • 180MHz TMS570LS21x • 2MB, 192kB • Smaller memory options • New peripherals • Lower cost 61508 SIL3 Production Industrial& Medical RM48x • 2*R4F LS • 3MB, 256kB • 220MHz RM48x • 2MB, 192kB ETHERNE T Safe Motor Control Industrial Automation Safe Connectivity Medical Hercules™ Safety MCU Roadmap • More memory options • New peripherals • More memory options • New peripherals ETHERNET Production 1Q 2012 Production 1Q 2013
- 20. • High performancereal time control • Protection against random and systematic failures • Safety certification and high reliability • And… • Scalability • System cost constraints • Software re-use and portability Ideal for applications requiringIdeal for applications requiring • ARM® Cortex™-R4F floating-point CPU up to 220MHz (>350 DMIPS) • Developed specifically for safety critical industrial and medical systems • Scalable embedded Flash memory up to 3MB • CAN, Ethernet, USB Host/Device Communication Interfaces • - 40°C to 105°C Operation What’s newWhat’s new HerculesTM RM48 Safety MCUs Highest performance ARM® Microcontrollers RM48 – A safe fit for Industrial and MedicalRM48 – A safe fit for Industrial and Medical 20
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- 23. Cortex-R4 More Performance,More Power Efficient
- 24. High Performance Cortex-R4Ffloating-point CPU Up to 220 MHz CPU Clock Speed Single / double precision IEEE 754 floating-point Superscalar, SIMD, 8 stage pipeline delivers 1.6 DMIPS/MHz Fast MULT, DIV, and SQRT enables model-based control; simplifies algorithm implementation 8 region memory protection Floating point and integer instructions operate in parallel • Over 350 DMIPS of performance • High performance floating point • ARM-based: broad industry adoption ARM® v7R CortexTM ISA fully backward Compatible to ARM7/9/11 Supports ARM, Thumb and Thumb-2 instructions Lockstep CPUs: Single core programming model – second core checks the first. ARM® Cortex™ -R4F 220 MHz 24 Broad ARM IDE/Compiler Support: CCS, KIEL, IAR, etc… Scalable ARM Based Solutions from TI: Stellaris, TMS470M, TMS570 & Sitara
- 25. 25 Performance / Memory •Up to 220 MHz ARM Cortex-R4 w/ Floating Point • Up to 3MB Flash and 256KB Data SRAM • 64KB Data Flash (EEPROM Emulation) w/ ECC • 16 Channel DMA Features • Safety • Dual CPU’s in Lockstep • CPU Logic Built in Self Test (LBIST) • Flash & RAM w/ ECC • Memory Built-in Self Test (PBIST) • Cyclic redundancy checker module (CRC) • Peripheral RAMs protected by Parity • Communication Networks • 10/100 EMAC • USB: Host and Device • 3 CAN Interfaces • 3 Muti-Buffered SPI s+ 2 Std. SPIs • 2 UARTs • 1 I2C • Enhanced I/O Control 2x High End Timer Modules/Coprocessor (NHET) • Up to 40 pins plus 6 monitor channels • All pins can be used as Hi-Res PWM or Input Capture • Dedicated DMA for HET ( High End Timer ) 2 x12-bit Muti-Buffered ADC • 24 total input channels • Continuous Conversion Mode • Calibration and Self Test 16 Dedicated GIO pins ( All pins are External Interrupt Capable) Targeted Applications Industrial Safety and Control Critical Care Medical RM48x Block Diagram Dual Core Lockstep ARM Cortex-R4F w/ Floating Point Note :Above reflects max configuration of each module – some functions are multiplexed. Fail Safe Detection RM48x POROSC PLL PBIST LBIST RTI/DWWD CRC Enhanced System Bus and Vectored Interrupt Module DMA Packages: LQFP: 144pin -20x20; nfBGA: 337 pin-16x16, 0.8mm; -40 to 105°C Temperature Range Power, Clock, & Safety Memory Interface SDR / ASYNC EMIF ARM® Cortex™ -R4F 160MHz ARM® Cortex™ -R4F Up to 220 MHz Timers / IO MibSPI1 128 Buffers; 6 CS Serial I/F Network I/F 10/100 EMAC ADC MibADC1 64 Buffers 12-bit, 24ch (16ch shared) GIOB/INTB (8) 3x CAN (64mbx) MibADC2 64 Buffers 12-bit, 16ch (16ch shared) 2x UART (LIN1) 2x High End Timer (NHET) 160 words NHET1 - 32 ch NHET2 – 14 ch MibSPI3 128 Buffers; 6 CS GIOA/INTA (8) I2C SPI2 (2CS) SPI4 (1CS) MibSPIP5 128 Buffers; 6 CS USB Host & Device Enhanced System Bus and Vectored Interrupt ModuleEnhanced System Bus and Vectored Interrupt Module DMADMA Memory 3MB Flash w/ ECC Calibration & Trace 256 KB RAM w/ ECC JTAG Debug 64KB Data Flash EEPROM w/ ECC Memory Protection
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- 27. TMDXRM48HDK - FullFeatured RM48 Development Kit – On Board USB XDS100v2 JTAG Debug – External high speed emulation via JTAG – TRACE pads for ETM/RTP/DMM RJ45 10/100 Ethernet Interface – LEDs, Temp Sensor & Light Sensor – CAN Transceivers – USB-A Host Interface USB-B Device Interface Hercules TM Development Kits RM48 Evaluation and Development Software Included in Each Kit: • CCStudio v4.x IDE: C/C++ Compiler/Linker/Debugger • HALCoGen Peripheral Driver Generation Tool • CCS and nowFlash Flash Programming Tools • HET GUI/Simulator/Assembler • GUI Demo with Project/Code Examples DevelopmentEvaluation TMDXRM48USB – Low Cost RM48 Evaluation Kit • USB Powered • On Board USB XDS100v2 JTAG Debug • On Board SCI to PC Serial Communication • Access to Select Signal Pin Test Points • LEDs, Temp Sensor & Light Sensor • Accelerometer •CAN transceiver Free of Charge 27
- 28. RTOS SupportIDEs (compilers& debuggers) HerculesTM Software Tools HALCoGen •User Input on High Abstraction Level •Graphical-based code generation •Easy configuration •Quick start for new projects •Supports CCS, IAR & KEIL IDEs PLL Calculators Easily configure the FMzPLL and FPLLs in the Hercules platform Phase Lock Loop modules. HET IDE • Graphical Programming Environment • Output Simulation Tool • Generates CCS-ready software modules • Includes functional examples from TI Safety MCU Demos • Safety Feature Highlight • Ambient Light & Temperature Demo • LED Light Show • Maze Game • Source Code Viewable via CCS now Flash Flash Programming Tool GUI and command line programmer for loading code into Hercules devices without an IDE. GUI-based Code Generation Tools and Other SW Tools now ECC - ECC Generation Tool Command line program for generating Error Correction Code for Hercules devices. Can be used in conjunction with CCSv4 Program/debug code using these IDEs: • Code Composer Studio • IAR Workbench • KEIL µVision Real Time Operating System Support: • SAFERTOS: High Integrity Systems • µC/OS: Micrium • ThreadX: Express Logic:(planned) TI Confidential – NDA Restrictions
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- 31. Control + Connectivity.No compromise.
- 32. 32 F28M35x – FirstSeries in Concerto • Multiple Performance Options – 60, 100, 150 MHz C28x Floating Point – 60, 75, 100 MHz Cortex-M3 CPU • Large Internal Memory – 512kB to 1MB Embedded Flash – 72kB to 132kB Embedded SRAM – ECC, Parity, and HW BIST • Robust Communications – 10/100 Ethernet MAC with 1588 – USB 2.0 OTG w/ integrated PHY – Dual CAN – Multiple SPI, UART, I2 C – 8/16/32-bit External Memory Interface • Flexible Control Peripherals – Enhanced PWMs w/ ~150ps resolution per channel and new flexible fault management – Two high-speed 12-bit ADCs each with 2S/H and Jitter measurement – Analog Comparators w/ Internal DAC Reference • 144-pin PowerPad QFP • Industrial and Automotive Temp – -40 to 1050 C, -40 to 1250 C (AEC Q100) • Functional Safety Documentation Markets: Advanced Metering, Automotive EPS, Motion Control & Drives, UPS, Renewable Energy, Power & Protection, Medical Process Control, Smart Sensors F28M35x C28x 32-bit CPU Up to 150 MHz FPU Control Modules 3 x 32-bit eQEP 6 x 32-bit eCAP 9x ePWM Modules: 18x Outputs / 16x HR ARM Cortex-M3 32-bit CPU Up to 100 MHz ControlSubsystemShared Communications 4x SSI 2x I2 C 5x UART 2x CAN USB OTG FS PHY 10/100 Ethernet MAC 1588 w/ MII 12b, 10ch, 2SH, 3MSPS 3ch Analog Comparator AnalogPwr & Clocking • 10 MHz / 30 KHz INT OSC • 4-20 MHz EXT • Clock Fail Detect • 3.3V VREG • POR/BOR 256-512 KB ECC Flash 16 KB ECC RAM 64 KB ROM 16 KB Parity RAM Memory 2 KB Message Parity RAM 2 KB Message Debug RTJTAG MasterSubsystem VCU • Viterbi • CRC • Complex MPY • FFT System 6Ch DMA Comms •McBSP/I2S/SPI •SPI •I2C •UART 256-512 KB ECC Flash 20 KB ECC RAM 64 KB ROM 128-bit Security 16 KB Parity RAM Memory System & Clocking 32Ch DMA 12b, 10ch, 2SH, 3MSPS 3ch Analog Comparator Fault Trip Zones Temp Sense External Interface 2x128-bit Security Up to 64 KB Masterable 4 Timers; 2 Watchdogs uCRC Engine
- 33. Concerto SW incontrolSUITE C28xFPUARM-CM3 C28x Header Files C28x Math & DSP Libs IPCMessagingAPI Control C28x Application Libs & API Host M3 Headerfiles (MWare) Cortex-M3 Application Libs Cortex-M3 Graphics & USB Libs BIOS RTOS 3P RTOS Middleware (Ethernet, USB, CAN) Freeware or 3P SPI/UART INPACKAGE BIOS RTOS SafeRTOS Customer Application SW Customer Application SW
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- 38. Only In Arrow Israel Amir Sherman ;asherman@arroweurope.com
Editor's Notes
- #6 The integrity of electronics implemented in safety critical systems are very important. There are several safety standards covering many industries. The Hercules MCUs were designed from the ground up for use in IEC 61508 SIL-3 safety systems. The device architecture provides protection against both random and systematic failures, provides headroom for customer application differentiation and allows for simplified development and safety certification. The TMS570LS20216 MCU has been certified by Exida for use in IEC 61508 SIL-3 safety systems. The newer TMS570LS31x/21x generation of MCUs have been specifically designed for use in both IEC 61508 SIL-3 and ISO 26262 ASIL-D automotive systems. These new MCUs will be certified in parallel to the qualification activities that will take place over the next year. TI provides all safety certification documentation to customers under NDA to assist in their end system certification. Other safety standards have several similarities to 61508 and 26262. The safety certification documentation provided with the TMS570 usually provides all necessary information needed to achieve certification for other safety standards.
- #7 Sometimes you have to use two chips because you need to have an isolation barrier. Need to isolate the hot side (high voltage side) from the low voltage (usually communication side) and sometimes these sides are physically on two different boards. Standard MCU Issue Compromise between ideal host and control capability Complex tasking / prioritization Still appropriate for deeply embedded systems Classic Control Issue Additional complexity Dual developments plus interface challenges / latency Necessary solution depending on isolation boundary trade-offs Concerto Solution Independent subsystems on a single device Tightly Coupled Interface- Single platform for development - No compromises
- #14 Eaxmple Application: Audio data is streamed onto device via USB interface It is run through a processing algorithm and then output to a codec using the I2S The Cortex-M0 can handle the USB interface, including the higher level protocol. It passes data to be processed to the M4 using the shared memory. When the M4 has completed processing the audio data it is passed back to the M0 for output to the codec using the I2S interface.
- #18 Hercules RM48 family of safety Microcontrollers for Texas Instruments
- #19 The Hercules MCU product line includes the RM4x, TMS570 and TMS470 families. The RM48x family is targeted at safety critical industrial and medical applications and features TI’s highest performance floating point ARM based MCU core running at 220MHz and providing more than 350 Dhrystone MIPS of performance. This family is also well suited for rugged industrial applications that require negative 40 to positive 105 deg C temperature operation. Ethernet, USB, CAN, SPI, I2C and UART connectivity also make the RM48x MCUs fit well into several industrial and medical applications. The TMS570 family is targeted at high performance transportation applications that require Automotive/AEC Q100 (Grade 1) qualification and negative 40 to 125C temperature operation. This family also features Ethernet, FlexRay, CAN, LIN, SPI, I2C and UART connectivity. It has been developed to both the ISO 26262 ASIL-D and IEC 61508 SIL-3 safety standards. The Cortex R4F in the TMS570 devices also provide over 280 DMIPs of performance with core clock rates up to 180MHz. The TMS470M family is targeted at lower end transportation and general safety applications where price is key. These devices are Automotive/AEC Q100 (Grade 1) qualified for negative 40 to 125C temperature operation. They feature CAN, LIN, SPI and UART connectivity and provide around 100 DMIPs of performance with the ARM Cortex-M3 CPU running at 80MHz. IEC 61508, "Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems", is an product-oriented (hardware/software) functional safety standard created by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). The standard is well established in the industrial process control and automation industry, and is finding a foothold in the automotive industry, heavy machinery, mining and other fields where safety and reliability are paramount. The IEC 61508 standard provides a basis for other product-specific or sector-specific safety standards, such as the IEC 61511 standard which is focused on the functional safety requirements of the process industry sector.
- #21 The Hercules RM48 MCUs are the highest performance ARM based MCUs available from TI. Based on the ARM Cortex R4F CPU, the RM48 provides 1.6 DMIPS per MHz of performance (Over 350 DMIPS at 220MHz) and incorporates a IEEE 754 Single and Double precisions Floating Point Unit. The RM48 was designed from the ground up specifically for use in safety critical systems and inherits it’s architecture from the proven TMS570 line of Transportation and Safety MCUs. 2MB and 3MB flash memory configurations are available with more options planned in the future. Communications interfaces include 2 UARTs, 3 DCANs, 10/100 Ethernet, and USB Full Speed Host and Device. Application areas include: industrial and medical.
- #25 Cortex R4F CPU Features: Highlights include – Over 350 DMIPS of performance at 220MHz, IEEE 754 single and double precision floating point unit, Standard ARM based CPU. The Cortex-R4F CPU implements an advanced 8 stage pipeline and features branch prediction to deliver 1.6 Dhrystone MIPS/MHz of performance. The R4 is also supports a wide range of ARM instruction sets including the older ARM 7/9/11 instructions and the newer Thumb-2 instructions. This means that customers can run legacy algorithms with out the need to recompile code and take advantage of the efficiency and performance of the new ARM instruction sets with the same MCU. Another advantage of using an ARM based MCU is the vast ecosystem of third party tools, software and operation systems. TI also provides a very scalable set of ARM based microcontrollers and microprocessors all the way from the Stellaris Cortex-M3 based MCUs to the high end Cortex-A9 based Sitara microprocessors.
- #26 RM48 Block Diagram: Feature Highlights include high performance ARM Cortex-R4F floating point lockstep CPUs running up to 220 MHz providing over 350 DMIPS of performance. Embedded flash memory options range from 2MB to 3MB with SRAM options include 192K and 256K. Both Flash and RAM contain ECC (Error Correction Code) protection that provides single error correction and double error detection. The ECC is evaluated in the Cortex-R4F CPU and provides automatic bus error protection. RM devices also feature built in self test (BIST) engines for testing the CPUs and the RAM (system & peripheral) Communication networks include 10/100 Ethernet, USB 1.1 (Full Speed) Host and Device (2 port host or 1 port host & 1 port device, 3 DCAN interfaces (3x64 messages), 3 MibSPIs (128 buffers w/ 6 chip selects each), 2 standard SPIs, 2 UARTS (one with LIN 2.1 support) and 1 I2C.
- #28 Two evaluation and development kits are available for the RM48 devices. The $79 USB development stick and the full featured Hercules Development Kit (HDK) for $199. The software included in each kit is: CCStudio v4.x IDE: C/C++ Compiler/Linker/Debugger nowGen Peripheral Driver Generation Tool CCS and nowFlash Flash Programming Tools HET GUI/Simulator/Assembler GUI Demo with Project/Code Examples
- #29 The Hercules MCU software includes: IDE Support from CCS, IAR and KEIL RTOS from High Integrity Systems, Micrium and Express Logic Other software includes: Safety MCU Demo Software PLL Calculators HET IDE HALCoGen nowECC nowFlash