An Introduction to HTML5

1. HTML5 What it is, what it’s not, and what parts of it we can use today. October 21, 2010 Steven G. Chipman

2. In 140 Characters .... “HTML5 is a vocabulary and set of application programming interfaces that make up a core declarative language for web sites and applications.” @mollydotcom

3. Simpliﬁcation.

4. You’re no doubt familiar with ... <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

5. <!DOCTYPE html>

6. (seriously, thats it.)

7. <meta charset=”UTF-8”>

8. <script src=”foo.js”></script>

9. <link rel=”stylesheet” href=”styles.css” />

10. <html lang=”en”>

11. HTML5 is not XML

12. <DIV>, <div> or even <DiV> is just ﬁne.

13. <br>, <BR> and <br /> are all ok too.

14. <a class=foo> is even all right.

15. (but it seems dirty to me)

16. Obsolescence.

17. frame, frameset and noframes

18. (but when was the last time you needed them?)

19. font, center, and other presentational cruft

20. (but if you still use those, I’ll give you a smack)

21. Changes.

22. small is now semantic. It means “legal text”.

23. b now means stylistically offset text with no additional importance.

24. i means the text is in an alternate mood or voice

25. cite now means the “title of a work”

26. It’s now ok to nest elements inside an a element

27. <a href=”/”> <h1>My awesome site</h1> <h2>My witty tagline</h2> </a> * we can make this more semantic, but lets not get ahead of ourselves.

28. <menu>

29. <menu type=”list|toolbar|context”>

30. <command label=”Autoﬁll” onclick=”doAutoFill();” /> * doesn’t seem to be supported by anything yet

31. <form contextmenu=”ourMenu”> .... <menu id=”ourMenu”> <command ... /> </menu> </form>

32. Semantics.

33. <time>

34. <time datetime=”2010-10-21”>October 21, 2010</ time>

35. <time datetime=”2010-10-21”>Thursday</time>

36. <time datetime=”2010-10-21” pubdate>October 21, 2010</time> * if nested in an <article>, its the pubdate of the article. Otherwise, its the pubdate of the document

37. <meter>

38. <meter>4 out of 5 dentists</meter>

39. <meter min=”0” max=”5”>4 out of 5 dentists</meter>

40. <meter min=”0” max=”5” value=”4”>A majority of dentists</meter>

41. It also has high, low, and optimum attributes.

42. <progress>

43. <p> Upload is <progress min=”0” max=”100”>60%</progress> complete. </p>

44. <progress min=”0” max=”100” value=”60”></ progress>

45. <section>

46. Use section it to group related content.

47. <section class=”posts”> <h1>The latest news ... </h1> <p> Oh hai, guyz! </p> </section>

48. <article>

49. Like section, but for self contained content.

50. <section class=”posts”> <h1>The latest news ... </h1> <article> <p> Oh hai, guyz! </p> </article> </section>

51. Each article can have its own h1-h6 hierarchy.

52. <section class=”posts”> <h1>The latest news ...</h1> <article> <h1>Article title</h1> <p> Oh hai, guyz! </p> </article> </section>

53. <header>

54. <hgroup>

55. <header> <hgroup> <a href=”/”> <h1>My awesome site</h1> <h2>My witty tagline</h2> </a> </hgroup> </header> * the enhanced semantics I mentioned earlier

56. <footer>

57. <footer> <small>Legal mumbo jumbo and copyrights</small> </footer>

58. <nav>

59. <footer> <nav> <ul> <li><a href=”...”>Another Property</li> <li><a href=”...”>Help!</li> </ul> </nav> <small>Legal mumbo jumbo and copyrights</small> </footer>

60. <aside>

61. Used to represent content that is tangentially related to other content.

62. <!DOCTYPE html> <head> <meta charset=”UTF-8” /> <title>Sample HTML5 Document Structure</title> </head> <body> <header> <hgroup> <h1>My awesome site</h1> <h2>My witty tagline</h2> </hgroup> <nav> <ul> <li><a href=”/”>home</a></li> <li><a href=”about.html”>about</a></li> </ul> </nav> </header> <section class=”posts”> <article> <h1>Post Title</h1> <time datetime=”2010-10-01”>October 1, 2010</time> <p>This is the body of the blog post.</p> <aside>Here is a funny excerpt!</aside> </article> </section> <footer> <nav> <ul> <li><a href=”...”>Another Property</a></li> <li><a href=”...”>Help!</a></li> </ul> </nav> <small>© 2010, Me</small> </footer> </body> </html>

63. Forms.

64. <input type=”text” placeholder=”Email” />

65. <input type=”text” placeholder=”Email” autofocus />

66. <input type=”email” placeholder=”Email” autofocus />

67. <input type=”email” placeholder=”Email” autofocus required />

68. input:invalid { background-color:#E366AF }

69. tel url datetime date month week time datetime-local number range color search

70. <input type=”range” min=”0” max=”10” />

71. <input type=”date” />

72. <datalist>

73. <input type=”text” list=”titles” /> <datalist id=”titles”> <option value=”Mr.” /> <option value=”Mrs.” /> <option value=”Dr.” /> </datalist>

74. Browsers that don’t understand an input type will render it as a standard text input.

75. Media.

76. <video>

77. <video src=”movie.mp4” width=”320” height=”240” poster=”poster.jpg”> </video>

78. <video controls src=”movie.mp4” width=”320” height=”240” poster=”poster.jpg”> </video>

79. If you don’t specify controls, you can write your own with javascript. *Standard stuff like .play(), .pause(), .volume, etc.

80. <video preload=”none|auto|metadata” src=”movie.mp4” width=”320” height=”240” poster=”poster.jpg”> </video>

81. <video controls width=”320” height=”240” poster=”poster.jpg”> <source src=”movie.mp4” type=”video/mp4” /> <source src=”move.ogv” type=”video/ogg” /> </video>

82. <video controls width=”320” height=”240” poster=”poster.jpg”> <source src=”movie.mp4” type=”video/mp4” /> <source src=”move.ogv” type=”video/ogg” /> <object type=”application/x-shockwave-ﬂash”> ... </object> </video>

83. http://slayerofﬁce.com/articles/html5/video/

84. <audio>

85. pretty much the same as video.

86. <canvas>

87. http://slayeroffice.com/code/mouse_patterns/mp-canvas.html

88. APIs.

89. Canvas 2d Context

90. An introduction to canvas is a presentation unto itself.

91. window.localStorage

92. localStorage.setItem(“key”,”value”);

93. localStorage.getItem(“key”); * returns null if the key doesn’t exist

94. localStorage.removeItem(“key”);

95. window.addEventListener(“storage”,onStorage,false);

96. StorageEvent.key|oldValue|newValue|url * url might be uri in some browsers. Check for uri if url isn’t there.

97. Things to keep in mind ... • 5MB of storage • EVERYTHING is returned as as string, just like cookies • If you run out of space, an exception will be thrown. • Unlike Flash LSOs, you can’t ask for more space. • Some browsers allow users to set the limit, so you may have less than 5MB

98. File API

99. Drag & Drop Events

100. Geolocation

101. navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(callback);

102. function callback(position) { alert(position.coords.latitude) }

103. navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(callback);

104. Web Workers

105. Javascript is single threaded. Workers allow for background threads.

106. var worker = new Worker(“worker.js”);

107. worker.postMessage(“hello!”);

108. worker.onmessage = function(evt) { alert(evt.data); }

109. self.onmessage = function(evt) { // do stuff ... }

110. Things to be aware of ... • Workers can not access or manipulate the DOM. • They do not have access to the scripts in the page that spawned it. • Using importScripts, a Worker can access other javascript libraries.

111. Web Sockets

112. Also an entire presentation.

113. In a nutshell, it will allow us to use sockets instead of long polling over HTTP.

114. But only Safari and Chrome support it right now.

115. But what about ...

116. Getting IE to recognize new elements ... <script> document.createElement(“section”); document.createElement(“article”); // ... and so on </script> * otherwise you won’t be able to style these elements in IE8 and below

117. Testing for attribute support ... function elementSupportsAttribute(element,attribute) { var ele = document.createElement(element); return attribute in ele ? true : false; }

118. Testing for input type support ... function elementSupportsType(type) { var input = document.createElement(“input”); input.setAttribute(“type”,type); return input.getAttribute(“type”) == “text” ? false : true; }

119. According to Microsoft ... IE9 is the bomb: http://samples.msdn.microsoft.com/ietestcenter/

120. Modernizr • Detects support, does NOT provide it • Javascript hooks such as Modernizr.canvas • Adds classes to the HTML element that deﬁne available features • Sets up elements for IE 6 through 8 • MIT-BSD License

121. Resources • HTML5 for Web Designers by Jeremy Keith - http://books.alistapart.com/ • Dive into HTML5 by Mark Pilgrim - http://diveintohtml5.org/ • The Spec: http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html • The HTML5 Test: http://www.html5test.com/ • Modernizr: http://www.modernizr.com/

122. Questions? Thanks for coming!

An Introduction to HTML5

An Introduction to HTML5

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