Digital companies issues on implementing an agile way of working

1. End-of-study Dissertation EBusiness Major 2017 Axelle POURE Directed by : Dr Inju Yang Why do tech companies decide to change their working organization to the new agile one? & What are the struggles they meet doing so?

2. Summary Introduction Part 1: Literature review Part 2: Context of the Study & Followed methodology Part 3: Discussion of the results of the interviews Conclusion

3. Introduction Part 1: Literature review Part 2: Context of the study & Followed Methodology Part 3: Discussion of the results Conclusion

4. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Why Choosing this subject? 4 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion Lack of empirical studies on non-technical aspect of an Agile transition Biggest challenge of my company Global trend in the web industry Personal interest Help my company to overcome their issues

5. Introduction Part 1: Literature review Part 2: Context of the Study & Followed methodology Part 3: Discussion of the results Conclusion

6. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Traditional to Agile, Why ? 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion 6 ExternalInternal Trend Pressure of the Market Comparison Time to Market Product quality Employee performance Healthy workplace Employee turnover (Ziaei, M ; Javdani, T ; (2016) "The essential preréquisites of Agile Transition and Adoption: a Grounded Theory Approach" Journal of internet computing and services (JICS) 17(5) p173-183 ).

7. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 The concept of Agility and the framework SCRUM 7 TrustPeople Transparency Respect Collaboration "Agile Manifesto" 2001 17 tech leaders = "The Agile Alliance" 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion "SCRUM" Ken Schwaber & Jeff Sutherland ITERATIVE LIGHT ADAPTABLE 2 ARTIFACTS - 3 ROLES - 5 EVENTS

8. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Managerial principles to follow 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion 8 Adapted from Jérôme Barrand's article* * "Être agile… le destin de l'entreprise de demain", L'expansion Management Review 2009/1 (N°132), p. 118-129 1. Anticipate environment 3. Continuous innovation 4. A global offer 5. A generalized client culture 6. "Human complexity" 2. Cooperate 7. "Change culture"

9. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 What kind of issues they meet when they transition? 9 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion Lack of commitment Resistance to change Lack of client involvement Issues with trust, communication and transparency Lack of knowledge Issues with new tool usage New processes and management role change

10. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 10 The VIRSA Model * Help and tools to overcome the issues 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion Vision Vision Vision Vision Vision Incentives Incentives Incentives Incentives Incentives Ressources Ressources Ressources Ressources Ressources Skills Skills Skills Skills Skills Action Plan Action Plan Action Plan Action Plan Action Plan Change Confusion Resistance Frustration Anxiety False Start The Elements The Outcomes * (Atkinson, R. for HDI Company (2015). " Organizational Change Management: An Essential Part of the Service Management Journey") Atkinson R - 2015Knoster T - 1991Lippit M - 1987 "Straightforward five-part approach to organisational change management" *

11. Introduction Part 1: Literature review Part 2: Context of the study & Followed methodology Part 3: Discussion of the results Conclusion

12. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 2001 35 12 In which company the study took place? 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion

13. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Eurelis & Agility 13 When? July 2015 Why? Loss of an offer to proposal How? With an agile coach How long? Stretched within a year From July 2015 to July 2016 How many sessions? 7 days total 2 x 2days workshops 3 x 1day of coaching First Agile Project? Octobre 2015 Percentage of Agility 30,77 % 12 out of 39 Between oct 2016 and today Participants HR , Management Top management mainly 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion

14. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Who have been interviewed? 9 14 4 5 Managers Employees 1 Head of clients 1 Head of tech 1 Senior project manager 1 Artistic Director 1 Assistant project manager 1 Front end developer 3 Back end developer Out of 10* 35 SCRUM * Minus top Management 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion

15. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 The interviews 15 1 hour Face to face 23 15 (65%) 8 (35%) Insights & feelings on the transition and struggles 1 General knowledge on Agility & Scrum 2 3 Implication & feeling about their transitioning experience The future of the transition Differences between management & employees 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion

17. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Results of the study The negative answers 17 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion 75% Managers Lack of transparency and communication from Top Management Issues with the mentality change required " It is more a state of mind that some people have not understood or do not apply" - Manager 50% Managers 60% Employees Do not take into account the general opinion 25% Managers 50% Employees Lack of client's involvement 50% Managers 60% Employees Not feeling able to experiment 100% Confusion about the framework " [...] I have never had a training about agility / Scrum [...]" - Employee

18. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Results of the study The negative answers 18 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion External reason to change Vision Vision Vision Vision Vision Incentives Incentives Incentives Incentives Incentives Ressources Ressources Ressources Ressources Ressources Skills Skills Skills Skills Skills Action Plan Action Plan Action Plan Action Plan Action Plan Change Confusion Resistance Frustration Anxiety False Start The Elements The Outcomes

19. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Results of the study The positive answers 19 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion 100% Managers 20% Employees (Only 1 time) Agile training 100% Managers & Employees Want to give it another try 50% Managers 100% Employees Were willing to change 100% Employees & Managers Less Stress 100% Employees & Managers Better understanding of the clients' expectations Better internal communication (Between employees & management)70% Managers 80% Employees Satisfied with SCRUM

21. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Conclusion 21 "Changing that culture,[...], is what allows true excellence to emerge". (Sutherland, J. 2015) 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion Tarnished feedback overall, but still holding the incentives! Limitations : restricted field & qualitative only

22. Thank you. END-OF-STUDY DISSERTATION EBusiness Major 2017 EDC Paris Business School / Efreitech Axelle POURE Any questions?

23. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 http://www.mescoloriages.com/coloriages/vie%20quotidienne/activites/rugby/images/coloriage-rugby-sport-21.gif http://www.agilelearninglabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/sprint-cycle.jpg Scrum 23 Product Owner Scrum Master Development Team ITERATIVE LIGHT ADAPTABLE 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion

24. End of study dissertation AP - 10/09/2017 Agile Manifesto 24 1. LiteratureIntroduction 2. Context & Methodology 3. Discussion Conclusion We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value: Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more. http://agilemanifesto.org/