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Rigshospitalet
Akut aortasyndrom
(aortadissektion)
Morten Smerup
Overlæge, klinisk lektor, ph.d.
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Rigshospitalet
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
2
Rigshospitalet
Patologi
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 3
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Patienter
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 4
• Hypertension
• Aortaaneurisme/dilatation
• Bicuspid aortaklap
• Familiær ophobning
• Bindevævslidelser
• Incidensen stiger med alder
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Enhver…
Rigshospitalet
Patofysiologi = klinisk præsentation
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 5
• ALT KAN SKE, men hvad er farligt?
• Ruptur til perikardiet, pleura el peritoneum
• Malperfusion - afskæring el aflukning af grene fra aorta
• Akut aortainsufficiens
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Patofysiologi = klinisk præsentation
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 6
• Hvad er farligt?
• Ruptur til perikardiet, pleura el peritoneum
• Tamponade
• Hypovolæmi
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Patofysiologi = klinisk præsentation
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 7
• Hvad er farligt?
• Malperfusion - afskæring el. aflukning af grene fra aorta
• Koronararterier – myokardieiskæmi, pumpesvigt
• Halskar – cerebral iskæmi, bevidsthed, stroke
• Intercostalarterier – paraplegi
• De tre kar til mavetarmkanalen – tarmnekroser
• Nyrekar – infarkt/iskæmi
• Aa. radiales et femorales – ekstremitets-iskæmi
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Patofysiologi = klinisk præsentation
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 8
• Hvad er farligt?
• Akut aortainsufficiens
• Kredsløbsinsufficiens/shock
• Dyspnø/lungeødem
• Bevidsthedssvækkelse
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Differential-diagnoser
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 9
• Aortadissektion – kirurgiens svar på syfilis
• Akut Koronar Syndrom (AKS)
• Akut Lungeemboli
• Apopleksi
• Akut arteriel insufficiens
• Nyresten
• Akut abdomen
• Paraplegi/tværsnitssyndrom
• Shock – hæmodynamisk instabilitet
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 10
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 11
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Hvad skal man gøre som primær
behandler?
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 12
• Under udredning
• Præcist det samme hos alle – hæmodynamisk
stabilisering
• Hav diagnosen in mente
• Når diagnosen haves
• Præcist det samme hos alle
• Undgå hypertension
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Konservativ behandling
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 13
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Primær kirurgisk behandling
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 14
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Primær kirurgisk behandling
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 15
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
Rigshospitalet
Primær kirurgisk behandling
Navn (Sidehoved/fod)Titel/beskrivelse (Sidehoved/fod) 16
Thoraxkirurgisk Klinik RT, Hjertecenteret
• Reetablere primært flow i sandt lumen
• Koronarkar
• Halskar
• Udelukke ruptur til perikardiet

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Akut aortasyndrom (aortadissektion)