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Installation Restoration Sites 26 and 28


  Abiotic / Biotic Treatability Study




     Restoration Advisory Board Meeting
              January 14, 2010
IR Site 26 Treatability Study


Purpose of Treatability Test
  Determine if combined abiotic/biotic treatment is a viable remedial alternative
  for mitigating the remaining chlorinated ethenes (CEs) present in the upper
  portion of the A-aquifer at IR Site 26.

Treatability Study Method:
  Conduct Pilot Test in area of highest CE concentration in upper A-Aquifer at
  Site 26
 Pilot Test Method:
   Install wells in Pilot Test area
   Determine baseline conditions in pilot test area
   Inject EHC® into Aquifer
   Measure Distribution of EHC®
   Measure changes in pilot test area geochemistry
   Measure changes in pilot test area CE concentrations
                                        2
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Hypothesized Reaction Pathways

        Biotic                                  Abiotic
           PCE                                            PCE


                                               TCE                 Dichloroacetylene
           TCE

Cis 1,2-DCE Trans 1,2-DCE   1,1-DCE, trans 1,2-DCE, cis1,2-DCE

                                                                    Chloroacetylene
            VC
                                               VC


         Ethene                               Ethene                   Acetylene


          Ethane                                          Ethane            C4

           α-elimination                  Hydrogenolysis
                                                                       C4 compounds
           β-elimination                  Hydrogenation
Indicators of Degradation Pathway

                                   Abiotic Pathway
    Biotic Pathway
                                     • Dichloroacetylene
                                      • Chloroacetylene
• Primarily cis 1,2-DCE                   • Acetylene
                                           • 1,1-DCE
• Stoichiometric Conversion
                              • Low TCE, DCE, VC / ethene ratio




                              5
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
Trichloroethene (TCE)
Dichloroethene (DCE)
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Radius of EHC Distribution Evaluation
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)
pH                                                                                       Oxidation-Reduction Potential
                                8.0                                                                                                 250                                                                  W-AB-1
                                                                                               W-AB-1
                                                                                                                                    200
                                                                                                                                                                                                         W-AB-2
                                                                                               W-AB-2
                                7.5
                                                                                                                                    150
                                                                                               W-AB-3                                                                                                    W-AB-3
                                                                                                                                    100




                                                                                                               Concentration (mV)
Concentration (SU)




                                7.0                                                            W-AB-4                                                                                                    W-AB-4
                                                                                                                                     50
                                                                                               W-AB-5                                                                                                    W-AB-5
                                6.5                                                                                                   0
                                                                                               WU5-24                                                                                                    WU5-24
                                                                                                                                     -50
                                6.0                                                            EXW-1                                                                                                     EXW-1
                                                                                                                                    -100

                                                                                                                                    -150
                                5.5
                                                                                                                                    -200

                                5.0                                                                                                 -250
                                      -30    0        30        60        90       120   150                                               -30       0          30        60      90        120    150

                                                     Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)                                                                             Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)




                                                           Dissolved Oxygen                                                                                 Specific Conductance
                                 0.9                                                                                         8
                                                                                               W-AB-1                                                                                                    W-AB-1
                                 0.8                                                           W-AB-2                        7                                                                           W-AB-2
                                 0.7                                                           W-AB-3
                                                                                                                             6                                                                           W-AB-3
         Concentration (mg/L)




                                                                                               W-AB-4
                                 0.6                                                                                                                                                                     W-AB-4
                                                                                                                             5
                                                                                                        SC (mS/cm)

                                                                                               W-AB-5
                                 0.5                                                                                                                                                                     W-AB-5
                                                                                               WU5-24                        4
                                 0.4                                                           EXW-1                                                                                                     WU5-24
                                                                                                                             3
                                 0.3                                                                                                                                                                     EXW-1
                                                                                                                             2
                                 0.2

                                 0.1                                                                                         1

                                 0.0                                                                                         0
                                       -30       0     30        60        90      120   150                                        -30          0         30        60         90         120    150
                                                     Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)                                                                         Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
Arsenic                                                                                                Manganese
                               40                                                                                                       60
                                                                                                      W-AB-1                                                                                                W-AB-1

                               35                                                                     W-AB-2                                                                                                W-AB-2
                                                                                                                                        50
                               30                                                                     W-AB-3                                                                                                W-AB-3




                                                                                                                Concentration (mg/L)
Concentration (ug/L)




                                                                                                      W-AB-4                            40                                                                  W-AB-4
                               25
                                                                                                      W-AB-5                                                                                                W-AB-5
                               20                                                                                                       30
                                                                                                      WU5-24                                                                                                WU5-24

                               15                                                                     EXW-1                                                                                                 EXW-1
                                                                                                                                        20
                               10
                                                                                                                                        10
                               5

                               0                                                                                                        0
                                    -30       0        30        60        90         120     150                                            -30         0        30        60         90       120   150

                                                      Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)                                                                                Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)




                                                                  Sulfate                                                                                                   Methane
                               250                                                                                                      20,000
                                                                                                       W-AB-1                                                                                               W-AB-1
                                                                                                                                        18,000
                                                                                                       W-AB-2                                                                                               W-AB-2
                               200                                                                                                      16,000
                                                                                                       W-AB-3                                                                                               W-AB-3
        Concentration (mg/L)




                                                                                                                 Concentration (ug/L)   14,000
                                                                                                       W-AB-4                                                                                               W-AB-4
                               150                                                                                                      12,000
                                                                                                       W-AB-5                                                                                               W-AB-5
                                                                                                                                        10,000
                                                                                                       WU5-24                                                                                               WU5-24
                               100                                                                                                       8,000
                                                                                                       EXW-1                                                                                                EXW-1
                                                                                                                                         6,000
                                50                                                                                                       4,000

                                                                                                                                         2,000
                                    0                                                                                                          0
                                        -30       0         30        60        90      120     150                                                -30       0     30         60        90      120   150
                                                        Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)                                                                               Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
Ethenes & Ethane- Molar Concentration
                                         Average Inside Treatment Area
                                             (WA-B-2, WU5-24, EXW-1)
                         0.7                                                       PCE

                         0.6
                                                                                   TCE
Concentration (umol/L)




                         0.5
                                                                                   Total DCE
                         0.4
                                                                                   VC
                         0.3
                                                                                   Ethene
                         0.2

                         0.1                                                       Ethane


                         0.0                                                       Total
                                                                                   Ethenes &
                               -30   0      30       60       90       120   150   Ethane
                                         Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
Ethenes & Ethane- Molar Concentration
                                       Average Outside of Treatment Area
                                         (WA-B-1, WA-B-3, WA-B-4, WA-B-5)
                         0.7                                                       PCE

                         0.6
                                                                                   TCE
Concentration (umol/L)




                         0.5
                                                                                   Total DCE
                         0.4
                                                                                   VC
                         0.3
                                                                                   Ethene
                         0.2

                         0.1                                                       Ethane


                         0.0                                                       Total
                                                                                   Ethenes &
                               -30   0       30       60      90       120   150   Ethane
                                         Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
Ethenes & Ethane - Molar Concentration
                                     Average Downgradient of Treatment Area
                                          (WA-B-1, WA-B-3, WA-B-4, WA-B-5)
                         0.8                                                       PCE

                         0.7
                                                                                   TCE
Concentration (umol/L)




                         0.6
                                                                                   Total DCE
                         0.5

                         0.4                                                       VC

                         0.3
                                                                                   Ethene
                         0.2
                                                                                   Ethane
                         0.1

                         0.0                                                       Total
                                                                                   Ethenes &
                               -30   0       30       60      90       120   150   Ethane
                                         Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
W-AB-3 (Upgradient, 7 to 17 ft bgs)
                                     Ethenes & Ethane - Molar Concentration

                         0.6                                                       PCE


                         0.5                                                       TCE
Concentration (umol/L)




                         0.4                                                       Total DCE


                         0.3                                                       VC


                         0.2                                                       Ethene

                         0.1
                                                                                   Ethane

                         0.0
                                                                                   Total
                               -30   0     30        60        90      120   150   Ethenes &
                                                                                   Ethane
                                         Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
Relative Fraction of CEs, Ethene and Ethane


                                         EXW-1
             Treatment Area Wells




                                        W-AB-2




                                        WU5-24
Upgradient
                    Well




                                        W-AB-3
Relative Fraction of CEs, Ethene and Ethane




                     W-AB-1
Downgradient Wells




                     W-AB-4




                     W-AB-5
Preliminary Conclusions Site 26 TS



• pH, ORP, SC, T, in the treatment area are within the range
  considered appropriate for biotic and abiotic degradation of the CEs

• DO, nitrate, arsenic, manganese, iron, sulfate and methane reducing
  conditions have been established in the treatment area.

• Degradation of CEs is occurring.

• Cis 1,2-DCE stall is not occurring.

• Complete conversion of CEs to non-toxic degradation products is
  occurring.

• Dechlorinating microbial culture (DHC) is present in the treatment
  area.

                                   25
26 Treatability Study Schedule



January, 5, 2010 -2nd Quarter GW Sampling Event


March 29, 2010 – 3rd Quarter GW Sampling Event


June 28, 2010 – 4th Quarter GW Sampling Event


August 25, 2010 -Draft Treatability Study Results Technical Memorandum


October 27, 2010 -Final Treatability Study Results Technical Memorandum



                                 26
Expanded Pilot Test (Site 28) Methodology


Evaluate Three Technologies:
  In Situ Anaerobic Biotic/Abiotic Degradation (ISABA)
       EHC

  In Situ Anaerobic Biostimulation with Bioaugmentation (ISABB) Process
       Sodium Lactate & SDC-9
       Emulsified Oil & SDC-9


Conduct Concurrent Pilot Tests in Three Areas:
       Building 88 Area

       Traffic Island Area

       Well W9-18 Area
                                  27
Expanded Pilot Test Site 28




     Well W9-19                                              ISABB - Emulsfied
                                                                Oil & SDC-9
                      ISABA - EHC




                                    ISABB - Lactate &
                                         SDC-9




                                                           Task 1
                                                                3
                                                                2
                                                 ConductMonitoring Wells
                                                  Install MIPs Investigation
                                                      Inject Substrates
Site 28 Pilot Test Schedule




February 2010 - Work Plans Finalized

March 2010 - MIPs Investigation

May 2010 -Treatability Study Progress Report

June, 2010 – Monitoring Well Installation

July, 2010 - Substrate Injection

August 2010 to July 2011 - Performance Monitoring

October 2011 – Treatability Study Final Report

                               29

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Moffett RAB Progress Report- Sites 26 (EATS) and 28 (WATS)

  • 1. Installation Restoration Sites 26 and 28 Abiotic / Biotic Treatability Study Restoration Advisory Board Meeting January 14, 2010
  • 2. IR Site 26 Treatability Study Purpose of Treatability Test Determine if combined abiotic/biotic treatment is a viable remedial alternative for mitigating the remaining chlorinated ethenes (CEs) present in the upper portion of the A-aquifer at IR Site 26. Treatability Study Method: Conduct Pilot Test in area of highest CE concentration in upper A-Aquifer at Site 26 Pilot Test Method: Install wells in Pilot Test area Determine baseline conditions in pilot test area Inject EHC® into Aquifer Measure Distribution of EHC® Measure changes in pilot test area geochemistry Measure changes in pilot test area CE concentrations 2
  • 4. Hypothesized Reaction Pathways Biotic Abiotic PCE PCE TCE Dichloroacetylene TCE Cis 1,2-DCE Trans 1,2-DCE 1,1-DCE, trans 1,2-DCE, cis1,2-DCE Chloroacetylene VC VC Ethene Ethene Acetylene Ethane Ethane C4 α-elimination Hydrogenolysis C4 compounds β-elimination Hydrogenation
  • 5. Indicators of Degradation Pathway Abiotic Pathway Biotic Pathway • Dichloroacetylene • Chloroacetylene • Primarily cis 1,2-DCE • Acetylene • 1,1-DCE • Stoichiometric Conversion • Low TCE, DCE, VC / ethene ratio 5
  • 11. Radius of EHC Distribution Evaluation
  • 17. pH Oxidation-Reduction Potential 8.0 250 W-AB-1 W-AB-1 200 W-AB-2 W-AB-2 7.5 150 W-AB-3 W-AB-3 100 Concentration (mV) Concentration (SU) 7.0 W-AB-4 W-AB-4 50 W-AB-5 W-AB-5 6.5 0 WU5-24 WU5-24 -50 6.0 EXW-1 EXW-1 -100 -150 5.5 -200 5.0 -250 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009) Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009) Dissolved Oxygen Specific Conductance 0.9 8 W-AB-1 W-AB-1 0.8 W-AB-2 7 W-AB-2 0.7 W-AB-3 6 W-AB-3 Concentration (mg/L) W-AB-4 0.6 W-AB-4 5 SC (mS/cm) W-AB-5 0.5 W-AB-5 WU5-24 4 0.4 EXW-1 WU5-24 3 0.3 EXW-1 2 0.2 0.1 1 0.0 0 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009) Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
  • 18. Arsenic Manganese 40 60 W-AB-1 W-AB-1 35 W-AB-2 W-AB-2 50 30 W-AB-3 W-AB-3 Concentration (mg/L) Concentration (ug/L) W-AB-4 40 W-AB-4 25 W-AB-5 W-AB-5 20 30 WU5-24 WU5-24 15 EXW-1 EXW-1 20 10 10 5 0 0 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009) Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009) Sulfate Methane 250 20,000 W-AB-1 W-AB-1 18,000 W-AB-2 W-AB-2 200 16,000 W-AB-3 W-AB-3 Concentration (mg/L) Concentration (ug/L) 14,000 W-AB-4 W-AB-4 150 12,000 W-AB-5 W-AB-5 10,000 WU5-24 WU5-24 100 8,000 EXW-1 EXW-1 6,000 50 4,000 2,000 0 0 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009) Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
  • 19. Ethenes & Ethane- Molar Concentration Average Inside Treatment Area (WA-B-2, WU5-24, EXW-1) 0.7 PCE 0.6 TCE Concentration (umol/L) 0.5 Total DCE 0.4 VC 0.3 Ethene 0.2 0.1 Ethane 0.0 Total Ethenes & -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Ethane Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
  • 20. Ethenes & Ethane- Molar Concentration Average Outside of Treatment Area (WA-B-1, WA-B-3, WA-B-4, WA-B-5) 0.7 PCE 0.6 TCE Concentration (umol/L) 0.5 Total DCE 0.4 VC 0.3 Ethene 0.2 0.1 Ethane 0.0 Total Ethenes & -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Ethane Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
  • 21. Ethenes & Ethane - Molar Concentration Average Downgradient of Treatment Area (WA-B-1, WA-B-3, WA-B-4, WA-B-5) 0.8 PCE 0.7 TCE Concentration (umol/L) 0.6 Total DCE 0.5 0.4 VC 0.3 Ethene 0.2 Ethane 0.1 0.0 Total Ethenes & -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Ethane Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
  • 22. W-AB-3 (Upgradient, 7 to 17 ft bgs) Ethenes & Ethane - Molar Concentration 0.6 PCE 0.5 TCE Concentration (umol/L) 0.4 Total DCE 0.3 VC 0.2 Ethene 0.1 Ethane 0.0 Total -30 0 30 60 90 120 150 Ethenes & Ethane Days (Day 0 = May 27, 2009)
  • 23. Relative Fraction of CEs, Ethene and Ethane EXW-1 Treatment Area Wells W-AB-2 WU5-24 Upgradient Well W-AB-3
  • 24. Relative Fraction of CEs, Ethene and Ethane W-AB-1 Downgradient Wells W-AB-4 W-AB-5
  • 25. Preliminary Conclusions Site 26 TS • pH, ORP, SC, T, in the treatment area are within the range considered appropriate for biotic and abiotic degradation of the CEs • DO, nitrate, arsenic, manganese, iron, sulfate and methane reducing conditions have been established in the treatment area. • Degradation of CEs is occurring. • Cis 1,2-DCE stall is not occurring. • Complete conversion of CEs to non-toxic degradation products is occurring. • Dechlorinating microbial culture (DHC) is present in the treatment area. 25
  • 26. 26 Treatability Study Schedule January, 5, 2010 -2nd Quarter GW Sampling Event March 29, 2010 – 3rd Quarter GW Sampling Event June 28, 2010 – 4th Quarter GW Sampling Event August 25, 2010 -Draft Treatability Study Results Technical Memorandum October 27, 2010 -Final Treatability Study Results Technical Memorandum 26
  • 27. Expanded Pilot Test (Site 28) Methodology Evaluate Three Technologies: In Situ Anaerobic Biotic/Abiotic Degradation (ISABA) EHC In Situ Anaerobic Biostimulation with Bioaugmentation (ISABB) Process Sodium Lactate & SDC-9 Emulsified Oil & SDC-9 Conduct Concurrent Pilot Tests in Three Areas: Building 88 Area Traffic Island Area Well W9-18 Area 27
  • 28. Expanded Pilot Test Site 28 Well W9-19 ISABB - Emulsfied Oil & SDC-9 ISABA - EHC ISABB - Lactate & SDC-9 Task 1 3 2 ConductMonitoring Wells Install MIPs Investigation Inject Substrates
  • 29. Site 28 Pilot Test Schedule February 2010 - Work Plans Finalized March 2010 - MIPs Investigation May 2010 -Treatability Study Progress Report June, 2010 – Monitoring Well Installation July, 2010 - Substrate Injection August 2010 to July 2011 - Performance Monitoring October 2011 – Treatability Study Final Report 29