Role of Landscaping in CreatingEnergy-Efficient Environment By H.S. JOHL and SARBJIT BAHGA

1. Role of Landscaping
in Creating
Energy-Efficient Environment
H.S. Johl
In association with
Sarbjit Singh Bahga

2. Overview:
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Landscaping & Greening our Habitat
Natural Environment Becomes Extinct in the World
Population Explosion in India
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Requirements for Well Planned Habitat
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People Living & Working in Ugly Surroundings
Role of Trees in Conditioning Environment
Greening Reduces Global Warming
Functionally Suitable Trees Required
Landscape by Way of Growing Trees
Some Other Landscape Features
Use of Functional Trees
Urban Landscape Design Principles
About Tree: Form & Colour
Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Conclusions
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Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

3. Landscaping & Greening our Habitat
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Creates Energy Efficient Environment in a very big way.
Natural conditioning is achieved.
Purify & Beautify all Living, Working & Recreational Spaces.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

4. Natural Environment Becomes Extinct in the World
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Landscape = Habitat + Man
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Above equation never stable
Man – himself constantly changing
Quarter million years ago – Men were hunters & food gatherers
Did not interfere with nature
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Man Progressed:
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5000 years ago – started farming
Habitat + Farmer -- produced different landscape
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250 years ago – started industrialization
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Habitat + Industrial Man – created polluted landscape
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Population Explosion + Industry – destruction of entire natural environment
Global Warming happening due to Industrial Development
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NOW NATURAL ENVIRONMENT NOT AVAILABLE ANYWHERE
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

5. Population Explosion in India
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Population since long crossed 100 crores (1000 Millions).
Urban & Rural Habitat exploding at high speed.
Almost all highly populated areas are TREELESS, NAKED & BARE
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

6. Requirements for Well Planned Habitat
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Total area available in India :
850 million acres.
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Population in India : 1000
millions.
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Medium density for planned
habitat : 50 persons per acre.
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Area required for planned
development : 20 million acres.
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It constitutes just 1/45 th part
of the total area (approx).
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

7. People Living & Working in Ugly Surroundings
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Scorching heat of summers.
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Sleet & blast of winters.
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Dust & Glare.
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Polluted air.
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Noise.
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Ugly surroundings.
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Cruel test of physical & mental
endurance of people.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

8. Role of Trees in Conditioning Environment
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Trees play tremendous role in
conditioning environment.
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Cut off 69% sun’s heat from the
ground.
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Reduce wind velocity by 63%.
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Reduce dust pollution by 66%.
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Reduce noise pollution by 50%.
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Planted area cooler in summer &
warmer in winter.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

9. Greening Reduces Global Warming
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Extensive greening with trees
saves world from global
warming.
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Single tree with large structure
and thick foliage:
- Produces 4.8 tons of oxygen
per day.
- Consumes 6 tons of CO2 per
day.
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Tolerable limits CO2 = 350 ppm.
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Present level
= 390 ppm.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

10. Functionally Suitable Trees Required
Functionally suitable
trees
are essential for all
places of:
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LIVING
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WORKING
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RECREATION
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

11. Landscape by Way of Growing Trees
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IT is Cheapest & Economical.
Most effective method to
improve physical environment.
Trees once established
do not need maintenance.
Continue to serve mankind
for many hundred years.
Provide comfort & beauty.
Improve productivity of
human beings.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

12. Some Other Landscape Features
Lawns, Shrubberies, Hedges,
Flower beds,Ground Material,
Water features
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Contribute in creating energy
efficient environment.
Beautify buildings.
Add pleasure.
Make areas attractive &
comfortable.
But expensive compared to trees.
Productive value is much less.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

13. Use of Functional Trees
Essential Qualities of Trees to be Used for
Landscaping.
Trees should be:
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Structurally big with abundant foliage.
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Very hardy – facing extremes of weather.
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Highly durable – having very long life.
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Able to stand environmental pollution.
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Suitable for agro-climatic conditions.
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Indigenous species
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Should meet aesthetic requirements.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

14. Urban Landscape Design Principles
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Plantation of city roads and streets should be done according to fundamental
design principles.
Density, Diversity, Form, Colour, Scale to be considered while doing plantation.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

15. Urban Landscape Design Principles
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Dense plantation produces excellent composition.
Single kind of plants creates excellent collective impact.
Trees with big structures & spreading crown creates green tunnel.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

16. Urban Landscape Design Principles
With close planting
trees develop:
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Tall straight trunk.
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Narrow high crown.
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Does not obstruct views
of the city.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

17. Urban Landscape Design Principles
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Tall & large sized plants
are suitable for narrow
streets.
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Look fantastic &
according to scale.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

18. Urban Landscape Design Principles
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Use of large sized plants.
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Height more than 10 feet.
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Stem thickness not less
than 3 inches.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

19. About Tree: Form & Colour
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Form & colour of trees – not important for city plantation.
With close planting form of tree changes entirely.
Open grown trees never make good pattern in urban spaces.
Out of 52 weeks in a year, blooming period is merely 2 weeks.
Structurally, flowering trees are too small – unfit for city roads & streets
Flowering trees only good for gardens, parks, open spaces & homes.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

20. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Neem
Pride of India
Melia azedarach
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Giant Tree.
Dense foliage.
Hardiest & sturdiest.
Very long life–more than 100 yrs.
Pollution tolerant.
Indigenous.
Ideal for landscaping.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

21. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Indian Mahogany
Chukrassia tabularis
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Structurally very big.
Beautiful dark green foliage.
Purify environment.
Very hardy.
Very long life-more than 100 yrs.
Excellent for aesthetic plantations.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

22. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Indian Laurel Fig
Ficus microcarpa
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Giant tree.
Foliage – extensive, pretty,
shining, dense.
Interesting structure with
upright, spreading & drooping
branches
Very long life-more than 100
yrs.
Excellent for landscaping.
Ideal for big avenues.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

23. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Spreading Ashoka
The Mast Tree
Polyalthia longifolia
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Very tall elegant tree.
Symmetrical crown.
Structurally strong.
Abundant foliage.
Excellent for narrow streets.
Stands environmental pollution.
Very pretty – meets aesthetic
requirements.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

24. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Mahogany
Swietenia mahogany
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Hardy, sturdy & durable tree.
Structurally big.
Foliage dark green, shining
& very beautiful.
Stands pollution.
Purifies environment.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

25. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Kusam
Schleichera oleosa
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Most beautiful & striking.
Very hardy & durable.
Big structure.
New foliage crimson in colour.
Foliage becomes brilliant yellow in
autumn months.
Pollution tolerant.
Excellent for aesthetic plantations.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

26. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Bahera
Terminalia bellerica
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Very hardy.
Tall.
Beautiful.
Long life.
Pollution tolerant.
Highly functional.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

27. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Uriam
Bischofia javanica
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Large evergreen tree.
Very beautiful foliage.
Big structure.
Very hardy & durable.
Pollution tolerant.
Foliage colourful in spring &
autumn.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

28. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Toon
Cedrella tuna
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Big structure.
Very hardy & durable.
Pollution tolerant.
Indigenous.
New foliage appears in early
spring.
Excellent for car parking areas.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

29. Excellent Trees for Landscaping
Hollock
Terminalia myriocarpa
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Big structure & strong frame.
Very hardy.
Highly durable.
Pollution tolerant.
Excellent for landscaping.
Foliage & flowers very pretty.
Very long life-more than 100
yrs.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

30. Conclusions:
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Design Process must include Landscape.
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Trees are important element of design.
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Selection of trees is very important.
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Result oriented programme of greening needed.
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J

31. Thank you
Role of Landscaping in Creating Energy-Efficient Environment
H. S. J