This document provides definitions and descriptions of various construction and building terms. It defines terms related to roofing like gable roof, ridge, eave and valley. It also describes materials like brick, concrete masonry units, gypsum board, insulation and rebar. Mechanical systems like heat pumps and their components are outlined. Plumbing items like lavatories, drain pipes and sinks are defined. Tools are also described, such as backhoes, bulldozers and front end loaders.

1. Visual Dictionary

5. Brick Bonds Common Bond- a variation of the Running Bond Patterns with a course of full headers every sixth course. Flemish Bond- consists of alternate headers and stretchers with the headers centered over the stretchers in the intervening courses.

6. Brick Bonds Rowlocks Soldiers Headers

7. Brick Sizes Roman Brick 3 ½”x 11 ½”x 1 ½” Utility Brick 3 ½”x 11 ½”x 3 ½”

9. Code Requirements These stairs do meet code. Tread length- 10 ¼” Riser height- 7”

11. Decorative Concrete Masonry Unit Split Block Ribbed Block

12. Doors Top Rail Rail Stile Lock Rail Stile Flush Door Panel Bottom Rail Panel Door

13. Doors Transom- units hung above doors with either glass or wood panels to add more height or decorative elements to a home Sidelight- a window or opening in or at one or both sides of a door.

14. Electrical Components Transformer-used to "transform" voltage from one level to another, usually from a higher voltage to a lower voltage. Service Head- opening by which the electric wires enter the building. Meter- receives the electricity supply from the service head and measures the consumption of power in your house. Service Panel- a component of an electricity supply system which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit. Duplex Receptacle- the commonly used receptacle (outlet). Called "duplex" because it has two plug-in sockets.

15. Framing Elements 2. Sill Plate 3. Floor Joists 1. Anchor Bolt 4. Subflooring 5. Sole Plate 6. Stud

16. Framing Elements 9. Rafter 7. Top Plate 8. Ceiling Joist 10. Roof Decking 12. Stringer 11. Sheathing

22. Steep Roof Drainage Gutter- A channel that collects rainwater from the roof of a building and directs it away from a structure. Downspout- A vertical pipe for carrying rainwater from a roof gutter to ground level. Splash Block-A plastic or concrete surface put under a downspout to direct water away from a house and prevent erosion.

23. Steep Roof Materials Underlayment- Roof underlayment adds an extra measure of protection against extreme weather, condensation and excessive temperatures. Metal Panel Roof Shingle- a roof covering consisting of individual overlapping elements that prevent water infiltration. Clay Tile Roof Wood Shingle Roof

24. Steep Roof Shapes Gable Roof Gambrel Roof

25. Steep Roof Terms Ridge- The uppermost horizontal framing member on a roof to which the tops of the rafters are fixed. Eave-The part of the roof which extends beyond the exterior sidewall and are made up of both the soffit and the fascia. Valley- The place of meeting of two slopes of a roof that form a reentrant angle. Rake- The angle of the slope of the roof rafter.

26. Steep Roof Terms Fascia- Exterior horizontal visible flat front trim boards that caps the rafter tail ends creating the edge of the roof. Soffit-Horizontal member that fills the gap between the exterior wall and the fascia. It is the underside of the roof overhang or porch ceiling that covers the rafter bottoms and usually has vents to allow air into the attic.

27. Stone Random Rubble Coursed Rubble Random Ashlar Coursed Ashlar