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Professional Doctorate




        Dr Elaine Ball
DPROF (HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE)

            Doctoral           Research             Critical
Year 1    Foundation          Methods (30         Leadership
          (30 credits)          credits)          (30 credits)

Year 2   Professions & Practice     Practitioner Researcher
         (30 credits)                      (60 Credits)


            RESEARCHER ELEMENT: KEY MILESTONES


Year 3       Interim Assessment: End of Year 3


Year 4       Internal Evaluation: End of Year 4


Year 5     Submission of Thesis and Viva: End of
               year 5 (thesis 60,000 words)
Postgraduate Research Student Life Cycle
                                                          13. PRAB
                               12. Viva Voce (oral                                                                  Enquires
                                  Examination)                               14. Graduation
                                                                                                      1. Admissions /
     11. Submission                                                                                      Application
        of Thesis

                                                     University of Salford Research Award                   2. Formal
    10. Notice of                                    Regulations                                               Offer Letter
    Presentation                                        HEFCE QAA
                                                        FHEQ Framework
                                     15. Research       HEFCE Research Activity Survey/Audit
                                       Training                                                                3. Registration
                                     Programme
9. Internal                                                                                                      Induction
Evaluation


                                                                                                               4. Learning
         8. Re-registration
                                                                                                               Agreement
            (APRs & SEF
             Evaluations)
                                       7. Interim                                              5. APRs & SEF
                                       Assessment                 6. Re-registration             Evaluations
Enquires
                                                                                                                Admissions / Application
                                                                                                                Formal Offer Letter
  Professional Doctorate Research Student Life Cycle                                                            Registration
                                                                                                                Post Graduate Induction




                                                        13. PRAB            14. Timely
                             12. Viva Voce                                  completion &   1st Supervision:
                             (oral                                          Graduation     Orientation. 30 credit
                             Examination)                                                  module Doctoral
                                                                                           Foundations
     11. Submission
     of Thesis
                                                                                                             2nd Supervision.
                                                          University of Salford Research                     Progress update 30
   10. Notice of                                          Award Regulations                                  credit module, Critical
   Presentation                                              HEFCE QAA                                       Leadership
                                                             FHEQ Framework
                                                             HEFCE Research Activity
                                                             Survey/Audit                                     3rd Supervision.
                                      Research                                                                Identifying strengths/
                                      Training                                                                Learning needs
9. Internal                           Programme                                                               30 credit module,
Evaluation                                                                                                    Professions & Practice


                                                                                                                     4th Supervision.
        8. Re-                                                                                                       Research proposal
        registration                                                                                                 60 credits, Practitioner
        (APRs & SEF                                                                                                  Researcher
        Evaluations)                                                                       4. Learning
                              7. Interim               6. Re-              5. APRs & SEF
                                                                                           Agreement: Year
                              Assessment               registration        Evaluations     3 completed in
                                                                                           first 3 months
Capturing                                                              This scoping exercise seeks to capture
         supervision trends                     2. Did supervision … ?           student supervision in the early years of the
                                                                                  professional doctorate. In support of QAA
                                                                                guidelines, the scope is not seeking to outline
                                                                                 what might be appropriate in terms of roles
                                                                                    and responsibilities, nor codify how a

                    1. About how
                                              1 2 3 4 5                            supervision relationship might operate.
                                                                                However, to create the most effective learning
                  many times did                                                 environment for the student it is hoped this
                   you meet with                                                 scope will provide greater synergy between
                  your supervisor                                                the taught and supervision elements of the
                     in years 1-5?                                                                programme




             What have you perceived useful
                     for practice?




                                                     Did you discuss
                  Did you set any                  transferable skills?
                    outcomes?


                                              What practical and transferable
                                                skills might have helped?




                                                                                Dr E Ball, audit flow chart for professional
19/08/2011                                                                                  transferable skills
Differences: Ph.D. c.f. Prof Doc
   PhD                          Prof Doc
   Pre-service                  In-service
   Theoretical research         Applied research
   Single discipline            Interdisciplinary
   Abstract knowledge           Knowledge in context
   ‘knowledge of’               ‘knowledge for’
   Development of research      Development of teaching/
    career                        management career
   Literature / lab based       Work based action research
    research
The journey
1   Starting out on the journey             2Apprenticeship via taught
                                            sessions


                 4Springboard from year 2              3   Refinement of ideas
                 into year 3


4   New relationship




             Assessment &
             5                                    6Critical interpretation of
             Evaluation processes                 the findings back to
                                                  practice
One factor that adds complexity to the
             DProf is partition and time
   As I see it the                  Students are supported by a
    disadvantages firstly are,        peer group where they
    the inability to keep the         encounter many excellent
    work solid (by freezing           interior structures such as
    the subject in some way)          competition, peer assessment,
   The dominant challenge            champions, encouragement
    is producing research             and friendship
    that sits comfortably in         Inter-disciplinary and inter-
    the real world of practice        professional working
    that does not use the fall-      Students have the art of
    back of generalisable             ‘throat clearing’ imposed
    outcomes, but does                upon them
    actually make an explicit
    contribution to
    knowledge
Esoteric discourse / Exoteric dialogue

   Doctoral candidate:
    “How will I know my
    writing is doctoral
    level?



   Supervisor:
    “I don’t know…. I
    know it when I see it”
Supervisory craft

      At the core is the
      need to manage the
      interplay between
      individual students &
      the organisation
T                                                                     T
H                                                                     H
E               The supervisory role is action oriented               E
O                                                                     O
R   We need to organise thinking about situations so that action to   R
Y   bring about change can be taken (Checkland & Poulter 2006)
                                                                      Y
          The legitimacy of professional knowledge & practice
G              are implied within a professional doctorate
E                                                                     T
N         Ethical issues are far greater, as is confidentiality
                      (Boucher & Smith 2004)
                                                                      E
E                                                                     S
R   From both student & supervisor there needs to be a recognition
        that others must be included in the research process          T
A
T                                                                     I
     In the final analysis, good communication is the key to good     N
I
                               supervision                            G
N
G                          SUPERVISION
                                                                      12
Anecdotal feedback
   “I have limited experience of Professional Doctorates; I have only been External
    Examiner for one University & have only supervised one student (student X)
   At X’s IA one of our examiners was keen the DProf was not treated any differently to
    a normal PhD project; he rightly did not want it to be seen of any different standard to
    a traditional PhD project. It is this important point that I have mulled over in my mind
    all week, because…
   When I was External Examiner at another University they had a very senior person to
    chair the viva. The reason was that I was to examine their first Professional
    Doctorate project. The advice they gave to me prior to the viva was crystal clear …
    “please note that you are examining a component of a Professional Doctorate”; they
    went on to remind me that the first two years of that part time award had already
    been examined and passed. They were very clear in their advice; in that they felt
    only having a 3 year project (compared with a 5 year project) would produce work of
    a different kind to that of a traditional PhD. They said I should bear this point in mind
    during the viva discussion and also when reflecting upon the written work itself.
   With point ‘3’ above in mind I thought again about point ‘2’ above. I then wondered
    whether there might be mileage in considering this matter, in light of my experience,
    and also being fair to both the award and the student. Fundamentally - do
    Professional Doctorate (PD) examiners (internal / external) need to take a different
    approach than with a traditional PhD thesis in light of PD students having already
    completed 2/5th of the award – unlike traditional PhD students where the entire work
    is on ‘the examination table’ for discussion and scrutiny”?
Recommendations
  Reflection

                             Strategies


               Outcomes
                                          Experiences




                Prior
                knowledge                 Goals


                            Motivation




Evaluation                                              Planning
                                Action                         14
Recommendations
Analysis; fact finding   ‘Baring the device’   Etymological route


                                               R           R




                                                          R




                                                                15
Questions for the supervisor’s workshop
   1. What is the role of the supervisor (a) in years 1-2 and (b) in years
    3-5?
   2. How (if at all) might a professional doctorate thesis differ from
    one submitted for a PhD?
   3. How (if at all) might the methodological approach for
    professional doctorate research differ from that in PhD research?
   4. How much of the student’s existing professional knowledge can
    legitimately be incorporated into the thesis?
   5. Is there any difference between the amount of existing literature
    that a professional
   doctorate student might be expected to engage with compared with
    a PhD student?
   6. Should a professional doctorate thesis be written in the third or
    the first person?
   Why?
References
   Edwards N., Webber J., Mill J., Kahwae., Roelofs S (2009). Building capacity for nurse-led research. International
    Nursing Review. 56, 88–94.

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Supervisors workshop

  • 1. Professional Doctorate Dr Elaine Ball
  • 2. DPROF (HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE) Doctoral Research Critical Year 1 Foundation Methods (30 Leadership (30 credits) credits) (30 credits) Year 2 Professions & Practice Practitioner Researcher (30 credits) (60 Credits) RESEARCHER ELEMENT: KEY MILESTONES Year 3 Interim Assessment: End of Year 3 Year 4 Internal Evaluation: End of Year 4 Year 5 Submission of Thesis and Viva: End of year 5 (thesis 60,000 words)
  • 3. Postgraduate Research Student Life Cycle 13. PRAB 12. Viva Voce (oral Enquires Examination) 14. Graduation 1. Admissions / 11. Submission Application of Thesis University of Salford Research Award 2. Formal 10. Notice of Regulations Offer Letter Presentation HEFCE QAA FHEQ Framework 15. Research HEFCE Research Activity Survey/Audit Training 3. Registration Programme 9. Internal Induction Evaluation 4. Learning 8. Re-registration Agreement (APRs & SEF Evaluations) 7. Interim 5. APRs & SEF Assessment 6. Re-registration Evaluations
  • 4. Enquires Admissions / Application Formal Offer Letter Professional Doctorate Research Student Life Cycle Registration Post Graduate Induction 13. PRAB 14. Timely 12. Viva Voce completion & 1st Supervision: (oral Graduation Orientation. 30 credit Examination) module Doctoral Foundations 11. Submission of Thesis 2nd Supervision. University of Salford Research Progress update 30 10. Notice of Award Regulations credit module, Critical Presentation HEFCE QAA Leadership FHEQ Framework HEFCE Research Activity Survey/Audit 3rd Supervision. Research Identifying strengths/ Training Learning needs 9. Internal Programme 30 credit module, Evaluation Professions & Practice 4th Supervision. 8. Re- Research proposal registration 60 credits, Practitioner (APRs & SEF Researcher Evaluations) 4. Learning 7. Interim 6. Re- 5. APRs & SEF Agreement: Year Assessment registration Evaluations 3 completed in first 3 months
  • 5. Capturing This scoping exercise seeks to capture supervision trends 2. Did supervision … ? student supervision in the early years of the professional doctorate. In support of QAA guidelines, the scope is not seeking to outline what might be appropriate in terms of roles and responsibilities, nor codify how a 1. About how 1 2 3 4 5 supervision relationship might operate. However, to create the most effective learning many times did environment for the student it is hoped this you meet with scope will provide greater synergy between your supervisor the taught and supervision elements of the in years 1-5? programme What have you perceived useful for practice? Did you discuss Did you set any transferable skills? outcomes? What practical and transferable skills might have helped? Dr E Ball, audit flow chart for professional 19/08/2011 transferable skills
  • 6.
  • 7. Differences: Ph.D. c.f. Prof Doc  PhD  Prof Doc  Pre-service  In-service  Theoretical research  Applied research  Single discipline  Interdisciplinary  Abstract knowledge  Knowledge in context  ‘knowledge of’  ‘knowledge for’  Development of research  Development of teaching/ career management career  Literature / lab based  Work based action research research
  • 8. The journey 1 Starting out on the journey 2Apprenticeship via taught sessions 4Springboard from year 2 3 Refinement of ideas into year 3 4 New relationship Assessment & 5 6Critical interpretation of Evaluation processes the findings back to practice
  • 9. One factor that adds complexity to the DProf is partition and time  As I see it the  Students are supported by a disadvantages firstly are, peer group where they the inability to keep the encounter many excellent work solid (by freezing interior structures such as the subject in some way) competition, peer assessment,  The dominant challenge champions, encouragement is producing research and friendship that sits comfortably in  Inter-disciplinary and inter- the real world of practice professional working that does not use the fall-  Students have the art of back of generalisable ‘throat clearing’ imposed outcomes, but does upon them actually make an explicit contribution to knowledge
  • 10. Esoteric discourse / Exoteric dialogue  Doctoral candidate: “How will I know my writing is doctoral level?  Supervisor: “I don’t know…. I know it when I see it”
  • 11. Supervisory craft At the core is the need to manage the interplay between individual students & the organisation
  • 12. T T H H E The supervisory role is action oriented E O O R We need to organise thinking about situations so that action to R Y bring about change can be taken (Checkland & Poulter 2006) Y The legitimacy of professional knowledge & practice G are implied within a professional doctorate E T N Ethical issues are far greater, as is confidentiality (Boucher & Smith 2004) E E S R From both student & supervisor there needs to be a recognition that others must be included in the research process T A T I In the final analysis, good communication is the key to good N I supervision G N G SUPERVISION 12
  • 13. Anecdotal feedback  “I have limited experience of Professional Doctorates; I have only been External Examiner for one University & have only supervised one student (student X)  At X’s IA one of our examiners was keen the DProf was not treated any differently to a normal PhD project; he rightly did not want it to be seen of any different standard to a traditional PhD project. It is this important point that I have mulled over in my mind all week, because…  When I was External Examiner at another University they had a very senior person to chair the viva. The reason was that I was to examine their first Professional Doctorate project. The advice they gave to me prior to the viva was crystal clear … “please note that you are examining a component of a Professional Doctorate”; they went on to remind me that the first two years of that part time award had already been examined and passed. They were very clear in their advice; in that they felt only having a 3 year project (compared with a 5 year project) would produce work of a different kind to that of a traditional PhD. They said I should bear this point in mind during the viva discussion and also when reflecting upon the written work itself.  With point ‘3’ above in mind I thought again about point ‘2’ above. I then wondered whether there might be mileage in considering this matter, in light of my experience, and also being fair to both the award and the student. Fundamentally - do Professional Doctorate (PD) examiners (internal / external) need to take a different approach than with a traditional PhD thesis in light of PD students having already completed 2/5th of the award – unlike traditional PhD students where the entire work is on ‘the examination table’ for discussion and scrutiny”?
  • 14. Recommendations Reflection Strategies Outcomes Experiences Prior knowledge Goals Motivation Evaluation Planning Action 14
  • 15. Recommendations Analysis; fact finding ‘Baring the device’ Etymological route R R R 15
  • 16. Questions for the supervisor’s workshop  1. What is the role of the supervisor (a) in years 1-2 and (b) in years 3-5?  2. How (if at all) might a professional doctorate thesis differ from one submitted for a PhD?  3. How (if at all) might the methodological approach for professional doctorate research differ from that in PhD research?  4. How much of the student’s existing professional knowledge can legitimately be incorporated into the thesis?  5. Is there any difference between the amount of existing literature that a professional  doctorate student might be expected to engage with compared with a PhD student?  6. Should a professional doctorate thesis be written in the third or the first person?  Why?
  • 17. References  Edwards N., Webber J., Mill J., Kahwae., Roelofs S (2009). Building capacity for nurse-led research. International Nursing Review. 56, 88–94.