1.
APARATO REPRODUCTOR
MASCULINO
Dr. Alejandro Benavides Samamé

2.
GENERALIDADES
- Su función principal es producir los gametos
masculinos y síntesis de hormonas sexuales
masculinas.
-Esta compuesto por los dos testículos, vías
espermáticas, glándulas sexuales anexas
(próstata, vesículas seminales, glándulas
bulbouretrales) y pene.
-La testosterona sirve para la espermatogénesis,
desarrollo del embrión XY y para el dimorfismo
sexual.

3.
The testes are suspended within the scrotal sac by the spermatic cord. The cord contains the blood supply of the testis and the vas
deferens, which transports the spermatozoa from the testis to the ejaculatory duct.

4.
TESTICULOS
-El sexo genético: “Y”.
-Los testículos empiezan a desarrollarse a la 7
semana.
-El sexo gonadal: gen SRY del cromosoma Y,
codifica factor determinante testicular.
-Las células de Leydig producen testosterona al
inicio de la embriogénesis masculina.
-Las células de Sertoli producen el factor inhibidor
mulleriano.
-La espermatogénesis requiere una Tº debajo de la
corporal.

5.
ESTRUCTURA DE LOS TESTICULOS
- Cápsula de tejido conjuntivo llamada albugínea.
- Esta dispuesto en lobulillos (250) separados por
tabiques de tejido conjuntivo.
- Cada lobulillo está formado por varios túbulos
seminíferos muy contorneados.
-Los túbulos seminíferos están compuestos por un
epitelio germinal rodeados por su túnica o lamina
propia o membrana basal.
-El epitelio del túbulo tiene dos componentes celulares:
Células de Sertoli y células espermatogenicas.

6.
Spermatogonia (blackopen arrow) are the most undifferentiated of the germ cells in the seminiferous tubules.

7.
Células de Leydig.
-Son intersticiales (entre los túbulos) son
poliédricas y grandes.
-Secretan andrógenos (testosterona) .
-La testosterona es necesaria durante el desarrollo
embrionario, la maduración sexual y la función
reproductora.

8.
Lipid droplets (white solid arrow) and brown pigment known as lipofuscin (black solid arrow) begin to accumulate within the brightly eosinophilic cytoplasm of the
Leydig cells (black open arrow) at puberty and increase with age.

9.
Intracytoplasmic crystalloids known as Reinke crystalloids (black open arrow) can occasionallybe found within Leydig cells. The crystalloids are only identified in
postpubertal testes.

10.
The chordae retis (blacksolid arrow) are columns of tissue that serve to connect the opposing walls of the rete testis. When viewed on cross sectioning, these
structures appear as intraluminal islands of epithelial-lined fibrous tissue.

11.
Conductos intratesticulares
-Al final de cada túbulo seminífero hay una transición
brusca a los túbulos rectos y estos desembocan a la
red de Haller o rete testis.
Vías espermáticas.
-La vía espermática deriva del conducto mesonéfrico
(de Wolf).
-Los conductillos eferentes conectan el rete testis con
el epidídimo.
-El epidídimo contiene los conductillos eferentes y el
conducto del epidídimo, y tiene un epitelio
pseudoestratificado cilíndrico con estereocilios.

12.
The tubules of the epididymis are more regular in shape and have a smoother, less undulating luminal surface when compared to the tubules of the efferent
ductules. Surrounding the tubule is a well-defined layer of smooth muscle (black open arrow).

13.
Eosinophilic inclusions (black solid arrow) can be identified within the nuclei of the tall columnar cells in the epididymis and in the cells of the vas deferens.
Intracytoplasmic golden brown lipofuscin pigment can also be seen in the epididymis.

14.
The testicular appendages are mesonephric or paramesonephric duct remnants. The pictured appendix epididymis is a remnant of the mesonephric duct and is
lined by columnar epithelium, which may be ciliated.

15.
Conducto deferente
-Es el segmento mas largo de la vía espermática.
-Es una continuación directa de la cola del
epidídimo.
-Tiene el mismo epitelio que el epidídimo.

16.
The vas deferens is a long (approximately 35 cm) muscular-coated structure that receives contents from the epididymis. The distal portion (ampulla) of the vas
deferens joins with the seminal vesicle excretory duct to form the ejaculatory duct.

17.
The epithelium of the vas deferens is composed of columnar cells (white open arrow) and basal cells (black solid arrow). The columnar cells have stereocilia (black
curved arrow) on the apical aspect, which can be seen on the luminal surface.

18.
GLANDULAS SEXUALES ANEXAS
Vesiculas seminales:
-Secretan un liquido con fructuosa abundante que
sirve de sustrato metabolico principal para los
espermatozoides.
Prostata:
-Es la mas grande de las glándulas sexuales anexas.
-Secreta fosfatasa ácida prostática, fibrinolisina,
acido citrico y antígeno prostático especifico.

19.
The seminal vesicles, which are paired structures, are located at the superiormost aspect of the prostate gland and are attached posteriorly. Both have a compact
layer of dense smooth muscle (blacksolid arrow) that surrounds the luminal epithelium. Adjacent prostatic tissue (white solid arrow) is often present in histologic
sections.

20.
Seminal vesicle epithelium is characterized by cells with scattered pleomorphic nuclei (white solid arrow). In contrast, prostatic adenocarcinoma is composed of
cells with more monomorphic round nuclei.

21.
The combination of pleomorphic nuclei (blacksolid arrow) and intracytoplasmic lipochrome pigment (white solid arrow) helps to confirm seminal vesicle
epithelium. In difficultcases, the nuclear expression of pax-8 is also characteristic of seminal vesicle epithelium.

22.
Normal glands typically show an undulating epithelial/luminal interface. The secretory cells (black solid arrow) have pale, sometimes
vacuolated cytoplasm. The basal cell layer (white solid arrow) is prominent in this example.

23.
Normal prostate glands are typically of medium to large caliber and are aggregated into loose groups surrounded by fibromuscular stroma.
Corpora amylacea (black solid arrow) are common in the lumina of benign glands.

24.
At low power, benign nonatrophic prostate glands are typically of similar caliber and are evenly distributed or arranged into vague aggregates.
Glands may be rounded or elongated, arranged in a branching configuration. Elongated branching glands are sometimes referred to as
"ducts."

25.
This benign gland demonstrates the typical undulating or tufted secretory cell layer (white open arrow). Glands of smaller caliber may be
seen at the edge of larger glands (black solid arrow) due to tangential sectioning.

26.
In contrast to partial atrophy, post-atrophic hyperplasia has a very prominent basal cell population that can be easily demonstrated by immunohistochemical
markers, such as high molecular weight cytokeratin (as shown here), cytokeratin 5/6, or p63.

27.
Post-atrophic hyperplasia is characterized by vaguely circumscribed collections of small rounded atrophic glands, often with associated larger-caliber ducts/glands
(black solid arrow).

28.
Glándulas bulbouretrales:
-También llamadas glándulas de Cowper.
-Secretan liquido preseminal de tipo mucoso.
SEMEN
-Contiene liquido y espermatozoides y productos de
secreción del epidídimo, conducto deferente, próstata
vesículas seminales y glándulas bulbourterales.
-Es alcalino.
-El promedio en una eyaculación es de 3 ml y cada ml
contiene 100 millones de espermatozoides

29.
The Cowper gland is characterized by a lobular arrangement with a central duct (blacksolid arrow) that is surrounded by acini that are filled with cells containing
intracytoplasmic mucin. This appearance is similar to minor salivary glands.

30.
The small cytologicallybland nuclei and the lobular architectural arrangement of Cowper gland aid in its distinction from prostatic adenocarcinoma. In addition, the
mucin associated with prostate cancer is commonly extracellular/intraluminal.

31.
PENE
- Consiste de dos masa dorsales de tejido eréctil
(cuerpos cavernosos) y una masa ventral del mismo
tejido (cuerpo esponjoso) donde esta incluida la uretra.
- Esta cubierta por una túnica albugínea.

32.
Los cuerpos cavernosos están rodeados por una capa de tejido conectivo grueso
llamada túnica albugínea (flecha abierta negra). Tenga en cuenta que las trabéculas
vasculares en la periferia (flecha negra curva) son de menor calibre y parecen menos
prominentes que las que se ven dentro de las porciones centrales de los cuerpos

33.
La uretra (flecha negra recta) y sus glándulas periuretrales asociadas (flecha negra
curva) están ubicadas en el centro del cuerpo esponjoso. Se aprecia la red vascular y
la trabécula fibrosa del cuerpo esponjoso (flecha abierta negra) rodeando la uretra.

34.
BIBLIOGRAFIA
1. Histología y biología celular. Introducción a la
anatomía patológica. Abraham Kierszenbaum,
Laura Tres. 5ta Edición - May 15, 2020.
2. Histología. Texto y Atlas. Correlación con
Biología Molecular y Celular. Ross . Pawlina – 8va
edición. 2020.
3. Histología Atlas en color y texto. Gartner, Leslie.
7 Edición . 2018.

35.
MUCHAS GRACIAS