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INTRO<br /><ul><li>Senior Frontend Engineer @ Tuenti

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C#/.NET background, now a bit of PHP knowledge

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diego@tuenti.com

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twitter.com/kartones</li></li></ul><li>AGENDA<br /><ul><li>The Goal

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Shared Hosting to Tuenti-like scale webs

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Typical PHP

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PHP Practices

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Coding Practices

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Web Practices</li></li></ul><li>THE GOAL<br />

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THE REAL GOAL<br />Avoid the PHP joke<br />

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THE REAL REAL GOAL<br />Build quality PHP code<br />

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SHARED HOSTING<br />Internet<br />Frontend + DB<br />

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FIRST SPLIT<br />Internet<br />Frontend<br />DB<br />

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MORE FRONTENDS<br />Internet<br />Frontends<br />DB<br />

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CACHING TIME<br />Internet<br />Frontends<br />Cache<br />DB<br />

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MORE CACHING<br />Internet<br />Frontends<br />Cache<br />DB<br />

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MASTER/SLAVE DBS<br />Internet<br />Frontends<br />Cache<br />DBs<br />

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TUENTI (OVERVIEW)<br />Internet<br />Farm 1<br />Farm 2<br />Farm N<br />Others<br />Frontends<br />Caches<br />DBs<br />

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TYPICAL PHP<br /><ul><li>HTML + PHP script blocks + DB Queries

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If lucky, separated into ¨functions¨ and templates (PHPBB, Wordpress…)

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No Object Orientation</li></li></ul><li>TYPICAL PHP<br />News since your last visit:<br /><ul><br /><? <br />$e = $_POST['email'];<br />$news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'");[…]<br />foreach($news as $newsItem)<br />{<br /> ?><br /> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li><br /><?<br />}<br />?><br /></ul><br />

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TYPICAL PHP<br />News since your last visit:<br /><ul><br /><? <br />$e = $_POST['email'];<br />$news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'");<br />[…]<br />foreach($news as $newsItem)<br />{<br /> ?><br /> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li><br /><?<br />}<br />?><br /></ul><br />

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TYPICAL PHP<br />News since your last visit:<br /><ul><br /><? <br />$e = $_POST['email'];<br />$news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'");<br />[…]<br />foreach($news as $newsItem)<br />{<br /> ?><br /> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li><br /><?<br />}<br />?><br /></ul><br />

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TYPICAL PHP<br />News since your last visit:<br /><ul><br /><? <br />$e = $_POST['email'];<br />$news = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM news WHERE email='{$e}'");<br />[…]<br />foreach($news as $newsItem)<br />{<br /> ?><br /> <li><?=$newsItem[0]?></li><br /><?<br />}<br />?><br /></ul><br />

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TYPICAL PHP<br />function crop_string($string) {<br /> if (strlen($string) > 30) {<br /> $string = substr($string, 0, 30) . “…”;<br /> }<br />return $string;<br />}<br />$text = crop_string(“developers,developers,developers,developers”);<br />

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TYPICAL PHP<br />class StringHelper<br />{<br />const CROP_ELLIPSIS = ‘…’;const CROP_DEFAULT_SIZE = 30;<br /> public static function Crop($text, <br /> $cropLength = self::CROP_DEFAULT_SIZE) {<br /> if (mb_strlen($text) > $cropLength) {<br /> $croppedText = substr($text,0,$cropLength) . Self::CROP_ELLIPSIS;<br /> } else {<br />$croppedText = $text;<br /> }<br /> return $croppedText;<br />}<br />$text = StringHelper::Crop(“developers,developers,developers,developers”);<br />

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PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>PHP 5.3 (or the newest stable version)

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Object Orientation

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Namespaces / structured source code tree</li></li></ul><li>PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Layered code

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MVC is typical and good</li></ul>Controller<br />Model<br />View<br />

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PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Breaking loops is ugly</li></ul>for($i = 0; $i < count($items); $i++)<br />{<br /> if ($items[$i] == searchedItem)<br />{<br />break;<br /> }<br />}<br />

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PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Break-free</li></ul>$found = false;<br />for($i = 0; $i < count($items) && !$found; $i++)<br />{<br /> if ($items[$i] == searchedItem)<br /> {<br />$found = true;<br /> }<br />}<br />

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PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li> Try to keep memory usage low

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Less memory, more concurrent PHP processes

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unset()

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ini_set(“memory_limit”,”8M”);</li></li></ul><li>PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Singleton in PHP != Singleton in Java/C#/C++

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Same PHP execution = same singleton

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2 page requests = 2 different singletons

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Terribly dangerous in tests

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Implement a ¨flushSingleton()¨ static method</li></li></ul><li>PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Homogeneous code

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Comments

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@author tag (Sign your code!)

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Proper variables casing & naming

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Good source tree = easy to guess where to find a class

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Avoids personal bad practices</li></li></ul><li>PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Avoid non testeable objects</li></ul>class Game {<br /> private $player1 = new GamePlayer();<br />private $player2 = new GamePlayer();<br />public function Play() {<br />// Logic that uses $player1 & $player2<br /> }<br />}<br />

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PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Create testeable objects</li></ul>class Game {<br /> private $player1 = null;<br />private $player2 = null;<br /> public function __construct(IGameEntity $playerA, <br /> IGameEntity $playerB) {<br /> $this->player1 = $playerA;<br />$this->player2 = $playerB;<br /> }<br />public function Play() {<br />// Logic that uses $player1 & $player2<br /> }<br />}<br />

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PHP PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Defensive Programming

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defined()

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isset()

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class_exists()

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method_exists()</li></li></ul><li>CODING PRACTICES<br />Learn & use Source Code Control<br /><ul><li>Distributed

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Best options: SVN,Git, Mercurial

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Always linked to a ticket control system

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Learn to branch, diff, merge, resolve conflicts

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Hard at first, pays off in big projects</li></li></ul><li>CODING PRACTICES<br />Learn & do Testing<br /><ul><li>Unit tests

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Test DB data (Fixtures)

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Mock Objects

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Integration tests

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Acceptance tests</li></li></ul><li>WEB PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Learn Kung-fu:

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HTTP protocol basics

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Some Javascript

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Minimal CSS

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Robots.txt

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Favicon.ico

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Sitemap.xml

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Cookies

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Encoding

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Web Security basics</li></li></ul><li>WEB PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Minimize HTML, CSS, JS

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Google closure Compiler

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YuiCompressor

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Firebug

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Use tools to detect improvements:

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PageSpeed (Firefox/Chrome)

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YSlow (Firefox)

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MySpace Performance Tracker (IE)</li></li></ul><li>WEB PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>Use the client to store data

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Cookies (4KB max)

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LocalStorage (HTML5)

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Global scoped Javascript variables (AJAX only)

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Javascript Datasources (Tuenti AJAX)</li></li></ul><li>WEB PRACTICES<br /><ul><li>If you don’t need realtime, be lazy

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Lazy loading

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Lazy deletion

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Job queues instead of realtime operations</li></li></ul><li>THE END<br />¿Questions?<br />http://dev.tuenti.com<br />http://jobs.tuenti.com<br />