Presentation for Finnish Policy Delegation Jan 2013 Utrecht School of the Arts.

1. THE URBAN QUEST
THE CITY AND THE CREATIVE ECONOMY:
tour d’horizon
Rene KOOYMAN
HKU
Jan 2013
Finland
delegation
Utrecht School of the Arts HKU 24-1-2013 1

2. A theoretical voyage
 The sociological imagination: social inequality,
class structures, gender and age divisions
 Cultural inequalities: measuring culture , art and
cultural capital
 The Urban Quest: cultural metropolis and decay
 The entrepreneurial perspective: spacial
distributions, regional identities, urban nomads
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3. EU CURE Project
 CURE stands for ‘Creative Urban Renewal in
Europe’. It is an EU-funded project
(INTERREG IVB NWE)
 Aims to facilitate triggered growth of the
creative economy in decayed urban areas in
medium-sized cities in Northwest-Europe
 This will be done by developing and testing
the innovative transnational model
‘Creative Zone Innovator’ to plan and to
develop creative zones.
 The project brings together 7 project
partners in Germany, Belgium, France, the
Netherlands and the UK.
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4. The Urban Dimension
 Territorial approach: zoning
 Diversified cultural environments (Jacobs)
 Social integration/identification (‘belonging’)
and distinction (Bourdieu/Florida)
 Integrated approach:
 Physical: bricks and mortar
 Social
 Infrastructure: networking
 Conceptualisation /re-evaluation
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5. Creative Zone Innovator
 Creative Zone Innovator: integrated approach to
urban, economic, cultural, social and
entrepreneurial development
 ABC: Area , Building, Creative entrepreneur
 Four Dimensions:
a. Learning Lab: learning environment
b. Cultural Value Chain: networked alliances
c. Flow of diversity: continuous new impulses
d. Cultural Business Modeling
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6. Creativ
e Zone
Indicat
ors
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7. CULTURAL CAPITAL
 knowledge of ‘legitimate’ culture /
‘High Culture’
 “Linguistic capital” – speaking
“properly”
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8. Cultural Capital Economic Capital
Cultural bourgeoisie High Intermediate
e.g. artists, academics
Business bourgeoisie Intermediate High
e.g. company directors
Upper professionals Intermediate to high Intermediate to high
e.g. lawyers, higher
civil servants
Lower middle class Intermediate to low Intermediate to low
e.g. primary school
teachers, nurses
Working class
Skilled Low to intermediate Low to intermediate
Unskilled Low Low
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9. Business categories
• Artisan – Designer driven purely by aesthetic
motivation
• Solo – Individual designer focused on growth
• Creative Partnership – Two creative people
• Designer and Business Partner – One creative
and one business partner
• Designer and Licensing Partner – Designer
under royalty contract
• Designer and Manufacturer – Designer in
contractual agreement with manufacturer
• Partnership with Investor – Designer in
partnership with a formal investor
 NESTA 2008
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10. URBAN CULTURES
Territorial approach: zoning
Diversified cultural environments (Jacobs)
Social integration/identification (‘belonging’) and
distinction (Bourdieu/Florida)
Urban Area Development: Integrated approach
 Physical: bricks and mortar
 Social
 Infrastructure: networking
Conceptualisation /re-evaluation
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11. Major Stakeholders in Urban
Development
Municipality
Businesses Community
Media
Chamber of Immigrant
Commerce Community services
Stakeholders
Resident Community
Immigrant Activist/
Volunteers
Youth Cultural
clubs/groups Organizations
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12. WHAT ARE THE VALUES OF CITY-LIFE
• Cultural and Economical Capital
• Cultural Class
• Identity and Branding
• Demographics
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13. CITY POLICY & PLANNING PARADIGM
• Developed for and by the industrial economy
• Separation of 'working' and 'living' through zoning
• Powers are restrictive, not permissive: 'you can’t', rather
than 'you can'
• Professionalized: ‘planner knows best'
• City is struggling under its own weight, unable to adapt
quickly enough to changing global, social economic
environment
• Rational/analytical, more than ‘understanding’
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14. CULTURAL METROPOLIS
AND DECAY
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15. RADICAL REDEFINITION
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16. INVESTING IN THE CREATIVE ECOSYSTEM
The creative ecosystem includes arts and culture, nightlife, the
music scene, restaurants, artists and designers, innovators,
affordable spaces, lively neighbourhoods, spirituality, density,
public spaces etc.
1. Strengthen your creative assets and encourage collaboration.
2. Continue revitalizing your downtown areas as nodes of
creativity.
3. Develop an infrastructure that will improve the quality of life
for residents and attract the creative class (hiking and cycling
trails, festivals, development of cultural assets, ways to
celebrate the waterfront etc. )
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17. EMBRACE DIVERSITY
Diversity gives birth to creativity, innovation and positive
economic impact.
People of different backgrounds and experiences
contribute a diversity of ideas, expressions, talents and
perspectives that enrich vital communities.
1.Develop a strong tourism and information infrastructure
because it will be your first link with people coming from
outside your community.
2. Attract new immigrants – one in every two children in
Amsterdam will be immigrants by 2020. Develop an
immigration attraction strategy, e.g. develop a new
immigrant welcoming package.
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18. Take Responsibility for Change
1. Work together to develop your
creative infrastructure – the voices
and ideas of both local citizens and
government need to be embraced.
2. Focus on mutual goals and develop
a strategy that focuses on
economic development goals,
marketing and promotions,
infrastructure and building local
capacity.
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19. CULTIVATE AND REWARD CREATIVITY
Store 54 in Collingwood: www.store54.biz
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20. Lombok utrecht:
1975
2005
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21. THE ENTREPRENEURIAL DIMENSION
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22. Entrepreneurial behaviour:
The Creation of Economic, Social and
Cultural Value
 cultural fabric of the Creative Industry thrives on
numerous small initiatives
 high share of freelancers and very small
companies.
 new type of employer is emerging; the
‘entrepreneurial individual’ or ‘entrepreneurial
cultural worker’
 no longer fits into typical patterns of full-time
professions (EU job potential 2001)

23. CREATIVE ENTREPRENEURS’
PERSPECTIVE
• Social capital: resources based on group
membership, relationships, networks of influence
and support; clusters
• Economic capital: command over economic
resources (cash, assets); based on entrepreneurial
capabilities and support
• Cultural capital: forms of knowledge; skill;
education and language skills
• The urban perspective: choose your position in the
urban nomad chain ; use support functions
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24. Thanks!
http://cure-web.eu/
rkooyman@rkooyman.com
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